Çilekte Kurşuni Küf ile Biyolojik Savaşım Çalışmaları

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 50 Sayı: 2-3, 35 - 44, 27.04.2022

Bilhan Gökçen Çelik Figen Yıldız

Öz

Çilek yetiştiriciliğinde Botrytis cinerea’nın yol açtığı kurşuni küf en önemli sorunlardan biridir. Bu çalışmada, çilekte kurşuni küf çürüklüğüne karşı etkili bir koruma sağlayabilecek antagonistik mikroorganizmaların araştırılması ve etkilerinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla muhtemelen pestisit kullanılmayan çilek bitkilerinin yaprak, meyve ve çiçek kısımlarından fungus, maya ve fluorescent Pseudomonas grubu flora izole edilmiştir. Aday antagonist mikroorganizmaların virulent Botrytis cinerea izolatı karşısındaki etkililiğini belirlemek amacıyla laboratuar ve iklim odası koşullarında bir dizi in-vitro ve in-vivo testler gerçekleştirilmiştir. In-vitro denemeler sonrası başarılı bulunan fluorescent Pseudomonas grubu 8 izolat, daha önceki çalışmalarda başarılı bulunan 4 bakteriyel izolat, bakteriyel antagonist Streptomyces lydicus içeren Actinovate (80 g/100 l) isimli ticari preparat ve bir botrytisit olan cyprodinyl + fludioxanil etkili maddelerini içeren Switch (60 g/100 l), pozitif ve negatif kontrollerle birlikte in-vivo denemede yer almıştır. Çilek bitkilerinde yapılan değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre; Uşak ili Sivaslı ilçesindeki bitkilerin çiçekleri üzerinden izole edilen 4/12 nolu fluorescent Pseudomonas izolatı kontrole göre farklı bulunarak %65.86 oranında bir etkililik göstermiştir. Bunu, Manisa ili Kula ilçesindeki çilek bitkilerinin yaprakları üzerinden izole edilen 7/4 no’lu izolat, %56.21 etki oranıyla izlemiştir. Çalışmada, fungisit (cyprodinil + fludioxanil) ve bir biofungisit olan S. lydicus (Actinovate) ise kontrole yakın hastalık çıkışı göstermeleri ile etkisiz olmuşlardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyolojik savaş, Kurşuni küf, Çilek, Fluorescent Pseudomonas

Destekleyen Kurum

Çalışma E.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Bitki Koruma Bölümünde yapılmış bir Yüksek Lisans tez çalışmasıdır.

Proje Numarası

Proje ile desteklenmemiştir.

Biological Control Studies of Gray Mold Disease on Strawberry

Öz

Gray mold caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea is one of the most important diseases of strawberry. This study aimed to investigate the antagonistic microorganisms that provide effective protection against strawberry gray mold and to reveal their efficacy. For this purpose, fungus, yeast and fluorescent Pseudomonads were isolated from the leaves, fruits and flower parts of strawberry plants and possibly did not use pesticide application. A series of in-vivo and in-vitro tests were carried out in the laboratory and climate room conditions to determine the efficacy of candidate antagonistic microorganisms against virulent isolates of B. cinerea. The effective eight isolates of fluorescent Pseudomonads and four effective bacterial isolates from the previous studies were selected from in-vivo tests, the commercial bioproduct containing bacterial antagonist S. lydicus; Actinovate (80 g/100 l) and a fungicide containing cyprodinyl + fludioxanil active ingredients; Switch (60 g/100 l), negative and positive controls were tested in-vivo tests. According to the evaluation results in strawberry plants, fluorescent Pseudomonads isolate (4/12) isolated from the flowers of plants in the district of Sivaslı of province Uşak was found significantly different compared to control and has shown an effectiveness rate of 65.86%. This was followed by 7/4 no isolate isolated from the leaves of plants in the district of Kula of province Manisa with a 56.21% impact rate. In the study, fungicide (cyprodinil + fludioxanil) and biofungicide S. lydicus (Actinovate) showed disease severity close to the control and have been found ineffective.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biocontrol, Gray mold, Strawberry, Fluorescent Pseudomonas

Proje Numarası

Proje ile desteklenmemiştir.

Kaynakça

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