MEYVE-SEBZE KAYIPLARINDA NEDENSEL DÖNGÜ DİYAGRAMI

Öz

Bir sistemin dinamiklerini belirleyen etkileşimleri anlamayı ve anlatmayı kolaylaştıran sistem davranışları, sistemin içinden ortaya çıkar ve birçok nedensel döngünün (veya geri besleme döngüsünün) sonucudur. Nedensel Döngü Diyagramları, yapının davranışı nasıl ürettiğini gösterir. Bir nedensel döngü şeması bir sistemdeki farklı değişkenler birbiriyle görselleştirmek için nasıl yardımcı olduğunu gösteren bir diyagramdır. Diyagram, bir dizi düğüm ve yaydan oluşur. Düğümler değişkenleri ve değişkenler arasındaki bağlantıları veya ilişkileri yaylar temsil etmektedir. Olumlu bir bağlantı, olumlu bir nedensel ilişkiyi ve olumsuz bir bağlantı, olumsuz bir nedensel ilişkiyi göstermektedir. Meyve ve sebzeler hasat sonrası yaşamlarını sürdürmekte olup kaliteleri düşmekte ve kayıplar oluşmaktadır. İstanbul önemli bir tüketim merkezi olup ürünlerin tamamına yakını uzak mesafelerden taşınmaktadır. Çalışmada tarladan sofraya kayıpların azaltılması için Nedensel Döngü Diyagramı oluşturularak konuya bütünsel bir yaklaşımla kayıpların azaltılması amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nedensel Döngü Diyagramı
• Meyve ve Sebzelerde :Kayıplar
• Hasat Sonrası Kayıplar

CAUSAL LOOP DIAGRAM IN FRUIT-VEGETABLE LOSSES

Öz

System behaviors that make it easier to understand and describe the interactions that determine the dynamics of a system arise from within the system and are the result of many causal loops (or feedback loops). Causal Loop Diagrams show how the structure produces the behavior. A causal loop diagram is a diagram that shows how different variables in a system help to visualize each other. The diagram consists of a series of nodes and arcs. Nodes represent variables and arcs represent connections or relationships between variables. A positive link indicates a positive causal relationship, and a negative link indicates a negative causal relationship. Fruits and vegetables continue their lives after harvest, their quality decreases and losses occur. Istanbul is an important consumption center and almost all of the products are transported from long distances. In the study, it is aimed to reduce losses with a holistic approach to the subject by creating a Causal Loop Diagram to reduce losses from farm to fork.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Casual Loop Diagram
• Losses in Fruits and Vegatables
• post-harvest losses

Kaynakça

1. Aikenhead, G., Farahbakhsh, K., Halbe, J., Adamowski, A. (2015). Application of process mapping and causal loop diagramming to enhance engagement in pollution prevention in small to medium size enterprises: Case study of a dairy processing facility, Journal of Cleaner Production, (102). 275-284
2. Aliasgarian, S., Ghassemzadeh, H. R., Moghaddam, M., Ghaffari, H. (2013). Mechanical damage of strawberry during harvest and postharvest operations. World Applied Sciences Journal, (22) 969-974
3. Andress, E. L. ve Harrison, A. (2011). Food Storage for Safety and Quality, Cooperative Extension, The University of Georgia, 16 s.
4. Anon, (2020). Guideline Logistics Fruit, Vegetables, Potatoes, QS Fachgesellschaft Obst-Gemüse-Kartoffeln GmbH, 20s. file:///C:/Users/SAYGI/Downloads/Guideline_Logistics_FVP_01.01.2021.pdf
5. Boyhan, G. E., Hurst, W. C., Kelley, W. T., Krewer, G. W., Taylor, K. C. (2009). Postharvest Handling and Transportation of Fruits and Vegetables, The University of Georgia and Ft. Valley State University, U.S. Department of Agriculture and counties of the state cooperating, Fact Sheet 100, 4s.
6. Cavicchi, A., Stancova, K. C. (2016). Food and gastronomy as elements of regional innovation strategies, European Commission, JRC Science for Policy Report, 41 s.
7. FAO, (2019). Food and Agriculture Moving Forward on Food Loss and Waste Reduction, ISBN 978-92-5-131789-1, s. 182
8. Garden-Robinson, J., (2020). Food Storage Guide, NDSU Extension, May, FN579, 16 s.

9. Gawlik, K. J., Trafialek, J. (2019). The Role of Suppliers of Raw Materials in Ensuring Food Safety, Global Journal of Nutrition & Food Science, ISSN: 2644-2981, 1(4): 2
10. Göktepe, E., (2014). Sistem Düşüncesi Araçları - Nedensel Döngü Diyagramı, Eğitimde Sistem Düşüncesi Yıllığı, (1) 26-37
11. Grandison, A. S. (2012). Postharvest Handling and Preparation of Foods for Processing in “Food Processing Handbook”, Second Edition. Edited by James G. Brennan and Alistair S. Grandison. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 30 s.
12. Gross, K. C., Wang, C. Y. Saltveit, M. (2016). The Commercial Storage of Fruits, Vegetables, and Florist and Nursery Stocks, Agricultural Research Service Agriculture Handbook, Number 66, 792 s.
13. Groundstroem, F., Juhola, S. (2021). Using systems thinking and causal loop diagrams to identify cascading climate change impacts on bioenergy supply systems, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 26, Article Number: 29, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-021-09967-0
14. Hammond, S. T., Brown, J. H., Burger, J. R., Flanagan, T. P., Fristoe, T. S., Mercado-Silva, N., Nekola, J. C., Okie, J. K. (2015). Food Spoilage, Storage, and Transport: Implications for a Sustainable Future, BioScience, August, 65(8): 758-768
15. Haraldsson, H. V., (2000). Introduction to Systems and Causal Loop Diagrams, System Analysis Course LUMES, Lund University, Sweden, January, 33 s.
16. HLPE, (2014). HLPE Report 8: Food Losses and Waste in The Context of Sustainable Food Systems, Steering Committee, HLPE Reports Series, June, s. 1-115
17. Hsiao, H.I., K.L. Huang. (2016). Time-temperature transparency in the cold chain, Food Control, (64) 181-188
18. Liebovitch, L. S., Coleman, P. T., Fisher, J., (2019). Approaches to Understanding Sustainable Peace: Qualitative Causal Loop Diagrams and Quantitative Mathematical Models, American Behavioral Scientist, s. 1–22
19. Littlejohns, L. B., Hill, C., Neudorf, C. (2021). Diverse Approaches to Creating and Using Causal Loop Diagrams in Public Health Research: Recommendations From a Scoping Review, Public health reviews, 42, https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2021.1604352
20. LSG (2022). Local Systems Practice User's Guide, https://sites.google.com/view/lsp-users-guide/home?authuser=0
21. NRMED, (2013). Natural Resources Management and Environment Department, Food Wastage Footprint Impacts on Natural Resources, Summary Report, s. 1-61
22. Pal, A. ve Kant, K. 2017: A Food Transportation Framework for an Efficient and Worker-Friendly Fresh Food Physical Internet, Logistics, 1(10): 21
23. Pala, M., Saygı, Y.B. (1993). Türkiye’de Soğuk Zincir Uygulamaları ve Geliştirilmesi, İstanbul Ticaret Odası Yayını, Yayın No: 1993-6, 122 s.
24. Rattanawong, A., Ongkunaruk, P. (2016). Reduce Loss during Transportation: A Case Study of Fresh Vegetables in Thailand, ICoA Conference Proceedings, The 3rd International Conference on Agro-Industry 2016, “Competitive & Sustainable Agro-Industry: Value Creation in Agribusiness”, Volume 2017, s. 253-260
25. Rediers, H., M. Claesa, L. Peetersa, K. A. Willemsa. (2009). Evaluation of the cold chain of fresh-cut endive from farmer to plate, Postharvest Biology and Technology, (51) 257-262.
26. Rich, K. M., Dizyee, K., (2016). Policy options for sustainability and resilience in potato value chains in Bihar: a system dynamics approach, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, NUPI Working Paper 870, 49 s.
27. SYSTEM THINKER, (2021). Causal Loop Construction: The Basics, https://thesystemsthinker.com/causal-loop-construction-the-basics/
28. Şenaras, A. E. (2021). COVID-19 Salgınında Sağlık Çalışanlarının Enfekte Olmasına İlişkin Nedensel Döngü Diyagramı, Journal of Yaşar University, 16(62):1039-1052
29. Şenaras, A. E., Sezen, H. K., (2017). Sistem Düşüncesi, Journal of Life Economics, 4(1): 39-58
30. Tama, I. P., Akbar, Z., Eunike, A. (2018). Implementation of system dynamic simulation method to optimize profit in supply chain network of vegetable product, International Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (IConISE), Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 337, 7 s.
31. Thompson, J. F., Mitchell, F. G., Rumsey, T. R., Kasmire, R. F., Crisosto, C. H. (2008). Commercial Cooling of Fruits, Vegetables, and Flowers, University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources, Pub. 21567, 54 s.
32. TÜİK, (2021). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri, 30 Aralık 2021, Sayı: 37249
33. Vigneault, C., Thompson, T. 2009: Transportation of fresh horticultural produce, Postharvest Technologies for Horticultural Crops, ISBN: 978-81-308-0356-2 Editor: Noureddine Benkeblia Vol. 2, s. 1-24
34. Vito, R., Portoghese, I., Pagano, A., Giordano, R., Vurro, M., Fratino, U. (2017). Sustainability assessment of agricultural production through causal loop diagrams, European Water, 59: 381-386
35. Vossen, W., Dooren, C. (2016). Storage of food, Fact sheet, Netherlands Nutrition Centre, 8s.
36. Watkins, C. B., Nock, J. F. (2012). Production Guide for Storage of Organic Fruits and Vegetables, Cornell University-Integreted Pest Manegement, New York State Department of Agriculture&Markets, NYS IPM Publication No. 10, 67 s.
37. Williams, B., Hummelbrunner, R., (2010). Causal Loop Diagrams in “Systems Concepts in Action: A Practitioner's Toolkit”, Chapter 1, Redwood City: Stanford University Press, s. 31-44