HASS AVOKADO YAPRAĞI: MİKRODALGA DESTEKLİ EKSTRAKSİYON PARAMETRELERİ, FENOLİK BİLEŞİKLER, ANTİOKSİDAN VE ANTİDİYABETİK AKTİVİTELERİN OPTİMİZASYONU

Öz

Budama atığı olan avokadonun yaprakları biyoaktif bileşenler bakımından zengindir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Hass çeşidi avokado yapraklarından fenolik bileşiklerin mikrodalga destekli ekstraksiyon (MAE) ile ekstraksiyon parametrelerini yanıt yüzey yöntemi (RSM) ile optimize etmektir. Ekstraksiyon verimi ve toplam fenolik madde miktarı (TPC) için optimum proses koşulları sırasıyla 47°C'de 5 dakika ve 1.13 g kuru yaprak/100 mL olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm modellerin tahmin edilen değerleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p <0.001). Sulu ekstraktların antidiyabetik ve antioksidan aktiviteleri sırasıyla % 64.59 ve 235.6 mg TE/100g olarak belirlenmiştir. TPC miktarı 591.76 μg GAE/g ekstrakt olup ana fenolik bileşen klorojenik asittir. Bu sonuçlar, MAE'nin düşük enerji tüketimi ile yüksek antioksidan ve antidiyabetik aktivitelere sahip fenolik bakımından zengin avokado yaprağı ekstreleri vererek etkili olduğunu kanıtladı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avokado (Persea americana Mill.)
• Mikrodalga destekli ekstraksiyon
• Yanıt yüzey yöntemi (RSM)
• antidiyabetik
• budama atığı

HASS AVOCADO LEAVES: OPTIMIZATION OF MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION PARAMETERS, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITIES

Öz

Avocado leaves, typically considered as pruning residues, possess a significant amount of bioactive compounds. This research aimed to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds from Hass avocado leaves using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and response surface method (RSM). The extraction yield and total phenolic content (TPC) were maximized by determining the optimal process conditions, which were found to be 47°C for 5 minutes and a solid/solvent ratio of 1.13 g dry leaf/100 mL, respectively. The predicted values of all models were found to be statistically significant (p <0.001). The aqueous extracts' antidiabetic and antioxidant activities were 64.59% and 235.6 mg TE/100 g, respectively. The amount of TPC was 591.76 μg GAE/g extract, and chlorogenic acid was the main phenolic component. These results indicated that MAE proved efficient with low energy consumption, yielding phenolic-rich avocado leaf extracts, which possess high antioxidant and antidiabetic activities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Keywords: Avocado (Persea americana Mill.)
• microwave-assisted extraction response surface method (RSM)
• antidiabetic
• pruning wastes

Kaynakça

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