POST-HARVEST PROCESSES AND COMBINED APPLICATIONS IN TERMS OF SUSTAINABILITY AND FOOD WASTE

Öz

Problems in the production of fruits and vegetables due to global warming restrict access to food especially in underdeveloped countries. Innovative, efficient and environmentally friendly methods should be applied to reduce post-harvest losses and extend shelf life. In this literature review, the effects of the combination of traditional and innovative post-harvest methods such as edible coating, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), irradiation, UV-C application on the quality and shelf life of fruits and vegetables were examined. It was observed that combined methods such as hot water+gamma irradiation, MAP+UV-C, 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)+UV-C, MAP+irradiation, edible coating+MAP provide better results than single applications. With the synergistic effect of these combined methods, product quality can be preserved, shelf life can be extended, and product weight losses can be mitigated. These applications support sustainable development by reducing food waste, famine risk and carbon emissions originating from agricultural products.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Post-Harvest Losses and Prevention Methods
• Sustainability
• MAP
• Active and edible coatings
• Food Waste
• Shelf Life

SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK VE GIDA İSRAFI YÖNÜNDEN HASAT SONRASI İŞLEMLER VE KOMBİNE UYGULAMALAR

Öz

Küresel ısınmaya bağlı olarak meyve ve sebzelerin üretiminde görülen sorunlar özellikle az gelişmiş ülkelerde gıdaya erişimi kısıtlamaktadır. Hasat sonrası kayıpların azaltılması ve raf ömrünün uzatılması için inovatif, verimli ve çevre dostu metotlar uygulanmalıdır. Bu literatür taramasında, hasat sonrası uygulanan geleneksel metotlar ile yenilebilir kaplama, modifiye atmosferde paketleme (MAP), ışınlama, UV-C gibi inovatif yöntemlerin kombinasyonunun meyve ve sebzelerin kalite ve raf ömrü üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Sıcak su+gama ışınlaması, MAP+UV-C, 1-Metilsiklopropenin (1-MCP)+UV-C, MAP+ışınlama, yenilebilir kaplama+MAP gibi kombine yöntemlerin tekil uygulamalardan daha olumlu sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. Bu kombine yöntemlerin sinerjik etkisiyle ürün kalitesinin korunması, raf ömrünün uzatılması, ağırlık ve ürün kayıplarının azaltılması sağlanabilmektedir. Bu uygulamalar, gıda ısrafının, kıtlık riskinin ve tarımsal ürünlerden kaynaklanan karbon emisyonlarının azalmasını sağlayarak sürdürülebilir kalkınmayı destekleyecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hasat Sonrası Kayıplar ve Engelleme Yöntemleri
• Sürdürülebilirlik
• MAP
• Aktif ve yenilebilir kaplamalar
• Gıda İsrafı
• Raf Ömrü
• Karbon Emisyonu

Kaynakça

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