ÜZÜM ÇEKİRDEK YAĞI ELDESİNDE KULLANILAN EKSTRAKSİYON YÖNTEMLERİ

Öz

Uzun yıllardır üzüm yetiştiriciliğinde önemli bir konumda bulunan ülkemizde, üzüm işleyen işletmelerin atığı olarak her yıl açığa çıkan tonlarca üzüm posasının değerlendirilmesi, ülke ekonomisi için her geçen gün önem kazanmaktadır. Bu anlamda üzüm çekirdek yağı, sahip olduğu zengin biyoaktif bileşikler nedeniyle gıda, farmasotik ve kozmetik sektörlerince oldukça popüler bir ürün haline gelmiştir. Üzüm çekirdeği yağının ekstraksiyonunda soğuk pres yöntemi hem bileşenlere zarar vermemesi, hem de maliyetinin düşük olması nedeniyle en yaygın kullanılan yöntem olmasına rağmen, günümüzde soğuk pres yönteminde verimin düşük olması, daha yüksek verimle ekstraksiyon gerçekleştirebilen (çözücü destekli, süper-kritik sıvı destekli, mikrodalga destekli, ultrases destekli, enzim destekli vb.) farklı yöntemlerin geliştirilmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Bu derlemede üzüm çekirdeği yağı ekstraksiyonunda kullanılan önemli ekstraksiyon yöntemlerinin olumlu ve olumsuz özellikleri ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Üzüm çekirdeği,çekirdek yağı,yağ ekstraksiyon yöntemleri

THE EXTRACTION METHODS OF GRAPE SEED OIL

Öz

Valorization of grape marc, is a refuse of grape processing factories revealing each year in tons, is gaining an economic importance for the Turkey which has a significant position in viticulture for many years. In this manner, grape seed oil has become a popular product for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries due to its rich bioactive components. Although, the cold press method is the most used one for the grape seed oil extraction as both being innocuous for oil constituents and having low cost; limited yield of this method lead to progress various methods (solvent assisted, supercritic liquid assisted, microwave assisted, ultrasound assisted, enzyme assisted etc.) which are able to carry out higher extraction yields so far. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of important methods used for grape seed oil extraction were discussed in detail.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Grape seed,seed oil,oil extraction methods

Kaynakça

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