MİKROBİYEL KSİLİTOL ÜRETİMİNDE HEMİSELÜLOZİK HİDROLİZATLARIN KULLANIMI

Öz

Ksilitol, sakkaroza benzer tatlılık derecesi, düşük kalori ve glisemik indeks değerlerinin yanısıra antikariyojenik özelliği sayesinde gıda endüstrisinde kullanılan şeker alkolleri arasında yer almaktadır. Ksilitol üretimi, günümüzde oldukça yüksek maliyetler gerektiren kimyasal proseslerle sağlanmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, üretim maliyetlerini azaltma potansiyeli değerlendirildiğinde, son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar mikrobiyel ksilitol üretimi üzerine odaklanmıştır. Mikrobiyel ksilitol üretimi çalışmalarında yaygın olarak mayalar kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmalarda fermantasyon ortamı olarak, çeşitli lignoselülozik materyallerden hazırlanan ve ksilitol üretimi için gerekli substrat olan ksilozu içeren hemiselülozik hidrolizatlar kullanılmaktadır. Bu derleme, ksilitol ve fermantasyon yolu ile üretimi, ksilitol üretiminde doğal fermantasyon ortamı olarak kullanılan hemiselülozik hidrolizatların hazırlığı ve bu konuda son yıllardaki gelişmeleri içermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ksilitol,lignoselülozik materyal,hemiselülozik hidrolizat,fermantasyon

UTILIZATION OF HEMICELLULOSIC HYDROLYSATES FOR MICROBIAL XYLITOL PRODUCTION

Öz

Xylitol is one of the sugar alcohols used in food and pharmaceuticals industries, with relative sweetness equivalent to sucrose, less calorie and glycemic index values, and also its anticariogenic properties. Today, it is industrially produced by chemical processes demanding considerable high costs. On the other hand, when its potential for reducing the costs is evaluated, studies in recent years are focused on microbial xylitol production. Yeasts are widely used in microbial xylitol production studies. In those studies, hemicellulosic hydrolysates prepared from various lignocellulosic materials and containing xylose necessary as substrate for the xylitol production are utilized as fermentation media. This review was focused on xylitol and its production by fermentation, preparation of hemicellulosic hyrolysates used as natural fermentation media in xylitol production and recent developments in this subject.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Xylitol,lignocellulosic material,hemicellulosic hydrolysates,fermentation

Kaynakça

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