ÜZÜM ÇEKİRDEK YAĞI ELDESİNDE KULLANILAN EKSTRAKSİYON YÖNTEMLERİ

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 42 Sayı: 1, 95 - 103, 13.02.2017

Onur Sevindik Serkan Selli

Öz

Uzun yıllardır üzüm
yetiştiriciliğinde önemli bir konumda bulunan ülkemizde, üzüm işleyen
işletmelerin atığı olarak her yıl açığa çıkan tonlarca üzüm posasının
değerlendirilmesi, ülke ekonomisi için her geçen gün önem kazanmaktadır. Bu
anlamda üzüm çekirdek yağı, sahip olduğu zengin biyoaktif bileşikler nedeniyle
gıda, farmasotik ve kozmetik sektörlerince oldukça popüler bir ürün haline
gelmiştir. Üzüm çekirdeği yağının ekstraksiyonunda soğuk pres yöntemi hem
bileşenlere zarar vermemesi, hem de maliyetinin düşük olması nedeniyle en
yaygın kullanılan yöntem olmasına rağmen, günümüzde soğuk pres yönteminde
verimin düşük olması, daha yüksek verimle ekstraksiyon gerçekleştirebilen
(çözücü destekli, süper-kritik sıvı destekli, mikrodalga destekli, ultrases
destekli, enzim destekli vb.) farklı yöntemlerin geliştirilmesine olanak
sağlamıştır. Bu derlemede üzüm çekirdeği yağı ekstraksiyonunda kullanılan
önemli ekstraksiyon yöntemlerinin olumlu ve olumsuz özellikleri ayrıntılı
olarak ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Üzüm çekirdeği, çekirdek yağı, yağ ekstraksiyon yöntemleri

THE EXTRACTION METHODS OF GRAPE SEED OIL

Öz

Valorization
of grape marc, is a refuse of grape processing factories revealing each year in
tons, is gaining an economic importance for the Turkey which has a significant
position in viticulture for many years. In this manner, grape seed oil has
become a popular product for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries due
to its rich bioactive components. Although, the cold press method is the most
used one for the grape seed oil extraction as both being innocuous for oil constituents
and having low cost; limited yield of this method lead to progress various
methods (solvent assisted, supercritic liquid assisted, microwave assisted,
ultrasound assisted, enzyme assisted etc.) which are able to carry out higher
extraction yields so far. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of
important methods used for grape seed oil extraction were discussed in detail.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Grape seed, seed oil, oil extraction methods

Kaynakça

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