FARKLI KAYNAKLARDAN İZOLE EDİLMİŞ LAKTİK ASİT BAKTERİLERİNİN EKZOPOLİSAKKARİT ÜRETİMİ VE KOLESTEROL ASİMİLASYON YETENEKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 44 Sayı: 2, 191 - 201, 15.04.2019

Duygu Alp Hakan Kuleaşan

https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD18059

Cited By: 3

Öz

Bağırsak sistemimizde yer alan yararlı
mikroorganizmaların önemli özelliklerinden birisi gastrointestinal sistemdeki
farklı koşullara karşı direnç gösterebilmeleridir. Bu koşullar arasında safra
tuzlarına karşı direnç ve düşük pH’da gelişim yer almaktadır. Gastrointestinal
sistemde canlılıklarını sürdürebilmek için yararlı bakteriler spesifik enzim
sentezi veya ekzopolisakkarit üretimi gibi çeşitli savunma mekanizmaları
geliştirmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada çeşitli fermente gıdalardan ve bitkilerden
izole edilmiş laktik asit bakterilerinin safra tuzu dirençleri, düşük pH’da
gelişim özelliklerinin yanı sıra, ekzopolisakkarit üretimleri ve kolesterol
asimilasyon yetenekleri belirlenmiştir. Ekzopolisakkarit (EPS) üretimlerinin
11.9 ile 1.1 mg/L arasında değiştiği belirlenirken toplam kolesterol
asimilasyon yüzdeleri % 60.71 ile % 16.71 arasında değişim göstermiştir.
Kolesterol asimilasyon yetenekleri ile EPS üretimleri arasında bir bağlantı
bulunamamıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kolesterol Asimilasyonu, Ekzopolisakkarit, düşük pH, safra tuzu direnci

DETERMINATION OF EXCOPOLISACCHARIDE PRODUCTION AND CHOLESTEROL ASSIMILATION ABILITIES OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES

Öz

One of the most important features of the intestinal
flora is resistance to many conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. These
include resistance to bile salt and growth at low pH. Bacteria have developed
various defense mechanisms, such as specific enzymes, exopolysaccharide
production, against Gastrointestinal system, In our study, strains of
lactic acid bacteria  isolated
from various fermented foods and plants and all the strains were determined of
their bile salt and low pH resistance. The strains were also tested for their
exopolysaccharide production and total cholesterol assimilation properties. EPS
production was observed at rations between 11.9 to 1.1 mg/L, and total
cholesterol assimilation percentages ranged from 60.71 to 16.71. There was no
relevance between cholesterol assimilation ability and their EPS production.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cholesterol assimilation, low pH, exopolysaccharide, bile salt resistance

Kaynakça

• Ahire, J., Bhat, A., Thakare, J., M., Pawar, P., B., Zope, D., G., Jain, R., M., Chaudhari, B. L. (2012). Cholesterol Assimilation and Biotransformation by Lactobacillus helveticus. Biotechnol. Lett. 34: 103–107.
• Ahn, Y., T., Kim, G., B., Lim, K., S., Baek, Y., J., Kim, H.,U. (2003). Deconjugation of Bile Salts by Lactobacillus acidophilus Isolates. Int. Dairy J. 13: 303–311.
• Alp, D., Ertürkmen, P. (2017). Probiyotik Olarak Kullanılan Lactobacillus spp. Suşlarının Kolesterol Düşürücü Etkileri Ve Olası Mekanizmalar. MAKÜ FEBED. 8(1): 108-113.
• Alp, G., Aslım, B. (2010). Relationship Between The Resistance To Bile Salts And Low pH With Exopolysaccharide (EPS) Production Of Bifidobacterium spp. Isolated From Infants Feces And Breast Milk. Anaerobe. 16: 101–105.
• Anandharaj, M., Sivasankari, B., Santhanakaruppu, R., Manimaran, M., Rani, R., P., Sivakumar, S. (2015). Determining The Probiotic Potential Of Cholesterol-Reducing Lactobacillus and Weissella Strains Isolated From Gherkins (Fermented Cucumber) and South Indian Fermented Koozh. Research In Microbiology 166:428─439. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5398/medpet.2017.40.2.136.
• Anila, K., Kunzes, A., Bhalla, T., C. (2016). In Vitro Cholesterol Assimilation And Functional Enzymatic Activities Of Putative Probiotic Lactobacillus ssp. Isolated From Fermented Foods/Beverages of North West India. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 6 (2). Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.4172/2155-9600.1000467.
• Arief, I., I., Jenie, B., S., Astawan, M., Kazuhito, F., Witarto, A., B. (2015). Identification and Probiotic Characteristics of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Indonesian Local Beef. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 9(1):25-36.
• Belviso, S., Giordano, M., Zeppa, P., D., G. (2009). In Vitro Cholesterol-Lowering Activity of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei Strains Isolated from the Italian Castelmagno PDO Cheese. Dairy Sci. Technol. 89: 169–176.
• Burhan, H., S., A., Priyambada, E., Arief, I., I. (2017). Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Dangke and Indonesian Beef as Hypocholesterolaemic Agent. Media Peternakan. 40 (2):136-142.
• Castorena-Alba, M., M., Vázquez-Rodríguez, J., A., López-Cabanillas Lomelí, M., González-Martínez, B., E. (2017). Cholesterol Assimilation, Acid And Bile Survival Of Probiotic Bacteria Isolated From Food And Reference Strains. CYTA. 1 (16): 36–41.
• Ulukaya, E. (çeviri ed.) 1997. Biyokimya. Biochemistry. 2. Baskıdan çeviri, Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, İstanbul, Türkiye. 205.
• Chang-Qing, Y., Li Rong, L. (2015). Cloning and Expression of Bile Salt Hydrolase Gene from Lactobacillus plantarum M1-Uvs29. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University (English Edition) 22:( 2) 60-66.
• Coşkun, T. (2006). Pro-, Pre ve Sinbiyotikler. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi. 49: 128-148.
• Demir, E., Kaygusuz, E., Kılıç, G., Yüce, S., Soyuçok, A. (2017). Yoğurt Örneklerinden İzole Edilmiş Laktik Asit Bakterilerinin Moleküler Yöntemlerle Tanımlanması Ve Ekzopolisakkarit Üretimlerinin Belirlenmesi. MAKÜ FEBED. 8(Ek Sayı 1): 262-267.
• Dilna, S., V., Surya, H., Aswathy, R., G., Varsha, K., K., Sakthikumar, D., N., Pandey, A., Nampoothiri, K., M. (2015). Characterization of an Exopolysaccharide with Potential Health Benefit Properties from a Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum RJF4. JFST 64: 1179-1186.
• Dixit, G., Samarth, D., Bhadekar, R. (2013). Comparative Studies On Potential Probiotic Characteristics Of Lactobacillus acidophilus Strains. Eurasia J Biosci. 7: 1-9.
• Eryılmaz, F. (2011). Vajinal Sekresyondan İzole Edilen Laktik Asit Bakterilerine Ait Bazı Suşların Potansiyel Probiyotik Özelliklerin Belirlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Biyoteknoloji Enstitüsü. Doktora Tezi. 95 sayfa. Ankara.
• Feng, M., Chen, X., Li, C., Nurgul, R., Dong, M.(2012). Isolation And Identification Of An Exopolysaccharide-Producing Lactic Acid Bacterium Strain From Chinese Paocai And Biosorption Of Pb(Iı) By Its Exopolysaccharide. J Food Sci. 77:(6)11-117.
• Gill, H., S., Guarner, F. (2004). Probiotics and Human Health: A Clinical Perspective. Postgrad Med J.80:516-526. Doi: 10.1136/pgmj.2003.008664.
• Gilliland, S., E., Nelson, C., R., Maxwell, C. (1985): Assimilation of Cholesterol by Lactobacillus acidophilus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 49: 377.
• Hofmann, A., F., Molino, G., Milanese, M., Belforte, G. (1983). Description And Simulation Of A Physiological Pharmacokinetic Model For The Metabolism And Enterohepatic Circulation Of Bile Acids In Man. Compartmental Model Of Cholic Acid In Man. J. Clin. Invest. 71: 1003-1022.
• Horáčková, S., Plocková, M., Demnerová, K. (2017). Importance Of Microbial Defence Systems To Bile Salts And Mechanisms Of Serum Cholesterol Reduction. Biotechnol. Advances. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Biotechadv.2017.12.005.
• Horáčková, S., Žaludová, K., Plocková, M. (2011). Stability Of Selected Lactobacilli In The Conditions Simulating Those In The Gastrointestinal Tract. Czech. J. Food Sci. 29: 30–35.
• Iranmanesh, M., Ezzatpanah, H., Mojgani, N. (2014). Antibacterial Activity and Cholesterol Assimilation of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Traditional Iranian Dairy Products. JFST 58: 355-359.
• Jamaly, N., Benjouad, A., Bouksaim, M. (2011). Probiotic Potential Of Lactobacillus Strains Isolated From Known Popular Traditional Moroccan Dairy Products. Br Microbiol Res J. 1(4): 79─94.
• Kaur, I., P., Chopra, K., Saini, A. (2002). Probiotics: Potential Pharmaceutical Applications. Eur J Pharm Sci. 15: 1–9.
• Kopp-Hoolihan, L. (2001). Prophylactic and Therapeutic Uses of Probiotics: A Review. J Am Diet Assoc.101: 229-241.
• Lertcanawanichakul, M., Kannai, J., Wongmuang, P., Tharaporn, S. (2015). Cholesterol-Lowering Potentials Of Lactic Acid Bacteria With Potential Probiotic Properties. Int J Pharmtech Res.7(3): 463-470.
• Moal, V., L., Servin, A., L. (2014). Anti-Infective Activities Of Lactobacillus Strains In The Human Intestinal Microbiota: From Probiotics To Gastrointestinal Anti-Infectious Biotherapeutic Agents. Clin Microbiol Rev. 27(2): 167–199.
• Noh, D., O,. Kim, S., H., Gilliland, S., E. (1997). Incorporation of Cholesterol Into the Cellular Membrane of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 43121. J Dairy Sci. 80:(12) 3107-3113.
• Pinto, M., G., V., Franz, C., M., A., P., Schillinger, U., Holzapfel, W., H. (2006). Lactobacillus spp. with in Vitro Probiotic Properties from Human Faeces and Traditional Fermented Products. Int J Food Microbiol. 109:205–214.
• Sahadeva, R., P., K., Leong, S., F., Chua, K., H., Tan, C., H., Chan, H.,Y., Tong, E.,V., Wong, S., Y., W., Chan, H., K. (2011). Survival Of Commercial Probiotic Strains To Ph And Bile. Int Food Res J. 18(4):1515─1522.
• Sharma, K., Sharma, N., Sharma, R. (2016). Identification and Evaluation of In vitro Probiotic Attributes of Novel and Potential Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Traditional Dairy Products of North─West Himalayas. J Clin Microbiol Biochem Technol 2(1): 018─025.
• Smitinont, T., Tansakul, C., Tanasupawat, T., Keeratipibul, S., Navarini, L., Bosco, M., Cescutti, P. (1999). Exopolysaccharide-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains From Traditional Thai Fermented Foods: Isolation, Identification And Exopolysaccharide Characterization. Int J Food Microbiol. 51:105–111.
• Soliman A., H., S., Sharoba, A., M., Bahlol, H., E., M., Soliman, A., S., Radi, O., M., M. (2015). Evaluation Of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Lactobacillus casei And Lactobacillus plantarum For Probiotic Characteristics. MEJAS.5:(1) 10─18.
• Syah, S., P., Sumantri, C., Arief, I., I., Taufik, E. (2017). Isolation and Identification of Indigenous Lactic Acid Bacteria by Sequencing the 16S rRNA from Dangke, A Traditional Cheese from Enrekang, South Sulawesi. Pak. J. Nutr. 16(5):384-392. DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2017.384.392.
• Tok, E. (2007). Probiyotik Olarak Kullanılabilecek Bazı Laktik Asit Bakterilerinin Kolesterol Giderimi Özellikleri Ve Safra Tuzu Dekonjugasyonu Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara, Türkiye, 95s.
• Tok, E., Aslim, B. (2010). Cholesterol Removal By Some Lactic Acid Bacteria That Can Be Used As Probiotic. Microbiol Immunol. 54: 257–264.
• Tokatlı, M., Gülgör. G.. Elmacı, S. Arslanköz. N., Özçelik, F. (2015). In Vitro Properties of Potential Probiotic Indigenous Lactic Acid Bacteria Originating from Traditional Pickles BioMed Research Int. ID 315819. s 8.
• Uraipan, S., Hongpattarakere, T. (2015). Antagonistic Characteristics Against Food─Borne Pathogenic Bacteria Of Lactic Acid Bacteria And Bifidobacteria Isolated From Feces Of Healthy Thai Infants. J Microbiol. 8(6):18264.
• Van Geel-Schutten, G., H., Flesch, F., Brink, B., Smith, M., R., Dijkhuizen, L. (1998). Screening And Characterization Of Lactobacillus Strains Producing Large Amounts Of Exopolysaccharides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 50: 697-703.
• Vinderola, C., G., Prosello, W., Ghiberto, D., Reinheimer, J., A. (2000). Viability of Probiotic (Bifidobacterium. Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei and Nonprobiotic Microflora in Argentinian Fresco Cheese. JDS. 83: 1905-1911.
• Wang, J., Zhao, X., Tian, Z.,Yang, Y., Yang, Z. (2015). Characterization of an Exopolysaccharide Produced by Lactobacillus plantarum YW11 Isolated from Tibet Kefir. Carbohydrate Polymers. 125: 16–25.
• Wang, S., C., Chang, C., K., Chan, S., C., Shieh, J., S., Chiu, C., K., Duh, P. (2014). Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Mustard on Lowering Cholesterol. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 4(7): 523-528.
• Xiao, K. (2014). Bile Resistance In Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG: Stability and Mechanisms. Master’s Thesis University Of Helsinki MBIOT Biotechnol. 72.
• Xie, N., Cui, Y., Yin, Y., N., Zhao, X., Yang, W., Wang,Z., Fu, F., Tang, Y., Wang, X., Liu, X., Wang, C., Lu, F. (2011). Effects Of Two Lactobacillus Strains On Lipid Metabolism And Intestinal Microflora In Rats Fed A High-Cholesterol Diet. CAM. 11:53. Http://Www.Biomedcentral.Com/1472-6882/11/53.