Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Yalçın Özdemir; Tahsin İlhan

EN TR

Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bağlanma, benlik kurgusu ve yalnızlık arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir. Toplam 427 lisans öğrencisi “İlişki Ölçekleri Anketini”, “Ailede Özerk-İlişkisel Benlik Ölçeklerini” yanıtlamışlar ve araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yalnızlıkla ilgili bir soruyu cevaplandırmışlardır. Verileri analiz etmek için korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar güvenli, saplantılı ve kaçınmacı bağlanmanın ve ilişkisel benlik kurgusunun yalnızlığı anlamlı düzeyde yordadığını ortaya koymuştur. Güvenli, saplantılı ve kaçınmacı bağlanma yalnızlık değişkenindeki değişimin %8’ini, ilişkisellik %4’ünü açıklamıştır. Sonuçlar kuramlara ve var olan araştırma sonuçlarına dayanarak tartışılmış, bazı öneriler sunulmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yalnızlık,bağlanma,benlik kurgusu

Kaynakça

Akbag, M. & İmamoğlu, S. E. (2010). Cinsiyet ve Bağlanma Stillerinin Utanç, Suçluluk ve Yalnızlık Duygularını Yordama Gücünün Değerlendirilmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 2(10), 651- 682.
Akın, A., Eroğlu, Y., Kayış, A. R., & Satıcı, S. A. (2010). The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the relational-interdependent self- construal scale. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 5, 579–584.
Andersson, L. (1982). Interdisciplinary study of loneliness—with evaluation of social contacts as a means toward improving competence in old age [Electronic version]. Acta Sociologica, 25, 75-80.
Arnstein, R. (1980). The student, the family, the university, and transition to adulthood. Adolescent Psychiatry, 8, 160–172.
Aydın, B. ve Öztütüncü, F. (2001). Examination of adolescents’ negative thoughts, depressive mood, and family environment. Adolescence, 36, 77-83.
Bartholomew, K. (1990). Avoidance of intimacy: An attachment perspective. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 7, 147–178.
Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 226–244.
Bellingham, R., Cohen, B., Jones, T., & Spaniol, L. (1989). Connectedness: Some skills for spiritual health. American Journal of Health Promotion, 4, 18-31.
Berman, W. H., & Sperling, M. B. (1991). Parental attachment and emotional distress in the transition to college. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 20, 427–440.
Blatt, S. J., & Blass, R. B. (1992). Relatedness and self definition: Two primary dimensions in personality development, psychology and psychopathology. In J. Barron, M. Eagle, & D. Wolitsky (Eds.), Interface of psychoanalysis and psychology (pp. 399–428). Washington DC: American Psychological Association.

Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss. Attachment (Vol. 1). New York: Basic Books
Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A. Simpson & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationship (pp. 46–76). New York: Guilford Press.
Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L., Crawford, E., Ernst, J. M., Burleson, M., Kowalewski, R., et al. (2002). Loneliness and health: Potential mechanisms. Psychosomatic Medicine, 64, 407–417.
Chen. L. J. & Chung. S. K. (2007). Loneliness, Social Connectedness, and Family Income among Undergraduate Females and Males in Taiwan. Socıal Behavıor and Personalıty, 35 (10), 1353-1364
Chou, K. L. (2000). Emotional autonomy and depression among Chinese adolescents. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 161, 161-169.
Compas, B. E., Wagner, B. M., Slavin, L. A., & Vannatta, K. (1986). A prospective study of life events, social support, and psychological symptomatology during the transition from high school to college. American Journal of Community Psychology, 14, 241–257.
Çileli, M. (2000). Change in value orientations of Turkish youth from 1989 to The Journal of Psychology, 134, 297-305.
Deniz, M. E., Hamarta, E., & Arı, R. (2005). An investigation of social skills and loneliness levels of university students with respect to their attachment styles in a sample of Turkish students. Social Behavior and Personality, 33(1), 19-32.
Dill, J. C., & Anderson, C. (1999). Loneliness, shyness, and depression: The etiology and interrelationships of everyday problems in living. In T. Joiner & J. C. Coyne (Eds.), The interactional nature of depression (pp. 93–125). Washington, DC: APA.
DiTommaso, E., Brennen-McNulty, C., Ross, L., & Burgess, M. (2003). Attachment styles, social skills, and loneliness in young adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 303–312.
Duru, E. (2008). Yalnızlığı Yordamada Sosyal Destek ve Sosyal Bağlılığın Rolü. Turk Psikoloji Dergisi, 23 (61), 15-24.
Ernst, J. M., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1999). Lonely hearts: Psychological perspectives on loneliness. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 8, 1–22.
Goodwin, R., Cook, O., & Yung, Y. (2001). Loneliness and life satisfaction among three cultural groups. Personal Relationships, 8, 225-230.
Grotevant, H. D., & Cooper, C. (1985). Patterns of interaction in family relationships and the development of identity and role-taking skill in adolescence. Child Development, 56, 415–428.
Heinrich, L. M., & Gullone, E. (2006). The clinical significance of loneliness: A literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 695–719.
Hoffman, J. A. (1984). Psychological separation of late adolescents from their parents. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 170–178.
Hoffman, J. A., & Weiss, B. (1987). Family dynamics and presenting problems in college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34, 157–163.
Horowitz, L. M., Rosenberg, S. E., & Bartholomew, K. (1993). Interpersonal problems, attachment styles, and outcome in brief dynamic psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 549– 560.
Hughes, M. E., Waite, L. J., Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2004). A short scale for measuring loneliness in large surveys: Results from two population-based studies. Research on Aging, 26, 655-672.
İmamoğlu, E. O. (1998). Individualism and collectivism in a model and scale of Balanced Differentiation and Integration. Journal of Psychology, 132, 95–105.
Jackson, T., & Ebnet, S. (2006). Appraisal and coping in romantic relationship narratives: Effects of shyness, gender, and connoted affect of relationship events. Individual Differences Research, 4(1), 2–15.
Jackson, T., Towson, S., & Narduzzi, K. (1997). Predictors of shyness: A test of variables associated with selfpresentational models. Social Behavior & Personality, 25, 149–154.
Joiner, T. E. (1997). Shyness and low social support as interactive diatheses, with loneliness as mediator: Testing an interpersonal–personality view of vulnerability to depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106, 386–394.
Jones, W. H., Hobbs, A. S., & Hockenbury, D. (1982). Loneliness and social skill deficits. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 682– 689.
Jong-Gierveld, J. D. (1987). Developing and testing a model of loneliness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 119–128.
Kafetsios, K. & Sideridis, G. (2006). Attachment, social support, and well being in younger and older adults. Journal of Health Psychology, 11(6), 867- 879.
Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (1984). Socialization in traditional society: A challenge to psychology. International Journal of Psychology, 19, 145-157.
Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (2000). Kültürel psikoloji: Kültür bağlamında insan ve aile. İstanbul: Evrim Yayınevi.
Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (2007). Family, Self, and Human Development Across Cultures, Theory and Applications (2nd ed.). London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Karadayı, F. (1998). İliskili özerklik: Kavramı, ölçülmesi, gelişimi ve toplumsal önemi, gençlere ve kültüre özgü değerlendirmeler. Adana: Çukurova Üniversitesi Basimevi.
Karakitapoğlu-Aygün, Z. (2002). Self-construals, perceived parenting styles and wellbeing in different cultural and socio-economic contexts. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
Kenny, M. E. (1990). College seniors’ perceptions of parental attachments: The value and stability of family ties. Journal of College Student Development, 31, 39–46.
Kobak, R. R., & Sceery, A. (1988). Attachment in late adolescence: Working models, affect regulation, and representation of self and others. Child Development, 59, 135–146.
Kohut, H. (1977). The analysis of the self. New York: International Universities Press.
Lapsley, D., Rice, K. G., & Shadid, G. E. (1989). Psychological separation and adjustment to college. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36, 286– 294.
Larose, S., & Bernier, A. (2001). Social support processes: Mediators of attachment state of mind and adjustment in late adolescence. Attachment & Human Development, 3(1), 96–120.
Larose, S., Guay, F., & Boivin, M. (2002). Attachment, social support, and loneliness in young adulthood: A test of two models. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 684–693.
Lee, R. M., & Robbins, S. B. (2000). Understanding social connectedness in college women and men. Journal of Counseling and Development, 78, 484-491.
Levine, J. B., Green, C. J., & Millon, T. (1986). The separationindividuation test of adolescence. Journal of Personality Assessment, 50, 123–137.
Lopez, F. G., Campbell, V., & Watkins, C. E. (1988). Family structure, psychological separation, and college adjustment: A canonical analysis and cross-validation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35, 402–409.
Man, K. N., & Hamid, P. N. (1998). The relationship between attachment prototypes, self-esteem, loneliness and causal attributions in Chinese trainee teachers. Personality and Individual Differences, 24, 357–371.
Mallinckrodt, B., & Wei, M. (2005). Attachment, social competencies, social support, and psychological distress. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 358–367.
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224– 253.
Myers, D. G. (1992). The pursuit of happiness: Who is happy—and why. New York: William Morrow.
Peplau, L. A., & Perlman, D. (1982). Perspectives on loneliness. In L. A. Peplau & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy. (pp. 1-18). New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Pietromonaco, P. R., & Feldman Barrett, L. (2000). The internal working models concept: What do we really know about the self in relation to others? Review of General Psychology, 4, 155–175.
Pinquart, M. & Sorenson, S. (2001). Influences on loneliness in older adults: A meta-analysis. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 23, 245-266.
Rice, K. G., Cole, D., & Lapsley, D. (1990). Separation-individuation, family cohesion, and adjustment to college: Measurement validation and test of a theoretical model. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 37, 195–202.
Rook, K. S. (1987). Social support versus companionship: Effects on life stress, loneliness, and evaluations by others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1132-1147.
Ryan, R., & Deci, E. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68–78.
Ryan, R. M., & Lynch, J. H. (1989). Emotional autonomy versus detachment: Revisiting the vicissitudes of adolescence and young adulthood. Child Development, 60, 340–356.
Sampson, E. E. (2000). Reinterpreting individualism and collectivism. American Psychologist, 55, 1425–1432.
Serin, Aydıoğlu & Aysan (2010). Examining the predictors of loneliness levels of university students. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 9, 704–708.
Shaver, P., & Hazan, C. (1987). Being lonely, falling in love: Perspectives from attachment theory. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 2, 105– 124.
Shaver, P. R., & Mikulincer, M. (2002). Attachment-related psychodynamics. Attachment & Human Development, 4(2), 133–161.
Singelis, T. M., Bond, M. H., Sharkey, W. F., & Lai, C. S. Y. (1999). Unpacking culture’s influence on self-esteem and embarrassability: The role of self-construals. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 30, 315– 341.
Sümer, N., & Güngör, D. (1999a). Çocuk yetiştirme stillerinin bağlanma stilleri, benlik değerlendirmeleri ve yakın ilişkiler üzerindeki etkisi. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 14 (44), 35-58.
Tsai, J. L., Ying, Y., & Lee, P. A. (2001). Cultural predictors of selfesteem: A study of Chinese American female and male young adults. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology, 7, 284–297.
Wallace, S. T., & Alden, L. E. (1991). A comparison of social standards and perceived ability in anxious and nonanxious men. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 15, 237–254.
Wang, C. D., & Mallinckrodt, B. (2006). Differences between Taiwanese and U.S. cultural beliefs about ideal adult attachment. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 192–204.
Wei, M., Russell, D. W., & Zakalik, R. A. (2005). Adult attachment, social self- efficacy, comfort with self-disclosure, loneliness, and subsequent depression for freshmen college students: A longitudinal design. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 602-614.
Wei, M., Shaffer, P. A., Young, S. K., & Zakalik, R. A. (2005). Adult attachment, shame, depression, and loneliness: The mediation role of basic psychological needs satisfaction. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 591–601.
Wei, M., Vogel, D. L., Ku, T.-Y., & Zakalik, R. (2005). Adult attachment, affect regulation, negative mood, and interpersonal problems: The mediating roles of emotional reactivity and emotional cutoff. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 14–24.
Wiseman, H., Mayseless, O., & Sharabany, R. (2006). Perceived quality of early relationships with parents, attachment, personality predispositions and loneliness in first-year university students. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 237–248.
Yeh, K. H. & Yang, Y. J. (2006). Construct validation of individuating and relating autonomy orientations in culturally Chinese adolescents. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 9, 148–160.
Ying, Y., & Han, M. (2008). Cultural orientation in Southeast Asian American young adults. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14, 29– 37.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Türkçe

Konular

-

Bölüm

-

Yazarlar

Yalçın Özdemir

Tahsin İlhan

Yayımlanma Tarihi

1 Ocak 2012

Gönderilme Tarihi

-

Kabul Tarihi

-

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2012 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA89LC38CW

APA

Özdemir, Y., & İlhan, T. (2012). Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 157-180. https://izlik.org/JA89LC38CW

AMA

1.Özdemir Y, İlhan T. Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme. SBAD. 2012;7(1):157-180. https://izlik.org/JA89LC38CW

Chicago

Özdemir, Yalçın, ve Tahsin İlhan. 2012. “Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi 7 (1): 157-80. https://izlik.org/JA89LC38CW.

EndNote

Özdemir Y, İlhan T (01 Ocak 2012) Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi 7 1 157–180.

IEEE

[1]Y. Özdemir ve T. İlhan, “Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme”, SBAD, c. 7, sy 1, ss. 157–180, Oca. 2012, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA89LC38CW

ISNAD

Özdemir, Yalçın - İlhan, Tahsin. “Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi 7/1 (01 Ocak 2012): 157-180. https://izlik.org/JA89LC38CW.

JAMA

1.Özdemir Y, İlhan T. Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme. SBAD. 2012;7:157–180.

MLA

Özdemir, Yalçın, ve Tahsin İlhan. “Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 7, sy 1, Ocak 2012, ss. 157-80, https://izlik.org/JA89LC38CW.

Vancouver

1.Yalçın Özdemir, Tahsin İlhan. Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme. SBAD [Internet]. 01 Ocak 2012;7(1):157-80. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA89LC38CW

Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.

Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Self-construal, Attachment and Loneliness An investigation on University Students

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Benlik Kurgusu, Bağlanma ve Yalnızlık Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Konular

Bölüm

Yazarlar

Yayımlanma Tarihi

Gönderilme Tarihi

Kabul Tarihi

Yayımlandığı Sayı

IZ

Kaynak Göster