The New Steps Taken for Improvement of Vocational Education and Training in Turkey

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2021 Sayı: 16, 1 - 16, 27.04.2021

Mahmut Özer

https://doi.org/10.46778/goputeb.907302

Cited By: 9

Öz

Vocational education and training (VET) is a type of education that faces great expectations from stakeholders. VET systems are structured with different approaches in diverse education systems to meet these expectations in short term. Additionally, the revision of VET systems has always been continuing in order to strengthen its compliance with the labor market. VET has always been one of the main subjects in educational policies and discussions in Turkey. Numerous projects have been implemented for years to improve the VET system in diverse aspects. However, VET has been greatly affected by the negative outcomes of the coefficient regulation which restricts the access of VET graduates to higher education from the 1990s to the first decades of the 2000s. In this traumatic period, the perception of society and the labor market towards VET was affected negatively. Due to its negative outcomes, the coefficient regulation has been abolished and then many steps have been taken to mitigate the damage of coefficient regulation. Especially after the Education Vision 2023, which was announced at the end of 2018, comprehensive and systematic steps have been implemented to solve the major problems in VET. Remarkable transformations have been achieved in diverse aspects of the VET system, and perceptions of both the labor market and society have been affected positively in a short period of time. In this study, the purpose and scope of the new projects of the Ministry of National Education which increase the sustainability of the improvements in VET are evaluated. In addition, steps to be taken to improve the vocational education centers are discussed within the scope of the economic reform package announced as of March 2021.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vocational Education and Training, Labor Market, Research and Development, Intellectual Property, Quality

Türkiye’de Mesleki Eğitimi Güçlendirmek için Atılan Yeni Adımlar

Öz

Eğitim sistemlerinde mesleki eğitim farklı yaklaşımlarla kurgulanmakta olup kısa vadede en fazla beklentinin olduğu bir eğitim türünü oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle özellikle işgücü piyasası ile uyumunu güçlendirmek için üzerinde sürekli revizyonlar yapılmaktadır. Türkiye’de de mesleki eğitim, eğitim gündeminin sürekli ana maddelerinden birisi olmuştur. Mesleki eğitimin güçlendirilmesi için yıllardan beri çok farklı projeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Özellikle, 1990’lardan itibaren 2000’li yılların ilk onlu yılları boyunca mesleki eğitim mezunlarının yükseköğretime erişimlerini kısıtlayan katsayı uygulaması mesleki eğitimi travmalı bir döneme sokmuş, işgücü piyasası ve toplum nezdindeki algısını olumsuz etkilemiştir. Bu hasarın ortadan kaldırılması için katsayı uygulaması sonlandırılmış ve ayrıca çok sayıda adım atılmıştır. Özellikle 2018 yılı sonunda açıklanan 2023 Eğitim Vizyonu sonrasında mesleki eğitimde sorunların çözülmesi için oldukça kapsamlı ve sistematik adımlar atılmıştır. Üç yıl gibi kısa bir sürede önemli dönüşümler sağlanabilmiş ve hem işgücü piyasası hem de toplum nezdindeki algısı pozitif yönde değişmiştir. Bu çalışmada, bu dönemde yaşanan iyileştirmeler kısaca ele alındıktan sonra mesleki eğitimde yaşanan iyileştirmelerin yaygınlığını artırmak ve sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak için Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından uygulamaya konan yeni projelerin hedefleri ve alınan mesafeler değerlendirilmektedir. Ayrıca, 2021 Mart itibarıyla açıklanan ekonomik reform paketinde mesleki eğitim merkezlerini güçlendirmek için atılacak adımlar ele alınmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mesleki Eğitim, İşgücü Piyasası, Araştırma-Geliştirme, Fikri Mülkiyet, Kalite

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