Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott Meyve Ve Yaprak Özütlerinin Biyolojik Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 31 - 38, 29.05.2024

Nebahat Aytuna Çerçi Meryem Burcu Külahcı Betul Aydin Ebru Beyzi Abdulkadir Arslan Sevinç Demir

Öz

Aronia melanocarpa (Michaux) Elliot, Rosaceae familyasının bir üyesi olup, çok yıllık bir çalı formunda ve üzümsü meyveleri olan bir bitkidir. Kuzey Amerika ve Kanada’nın doğusu orjinli olan aronya, 2012 yılından itibaren Türkiye’de de yetiştirilmektedir. İçeriğinde yüksek oranda polifenoller bulundurması ve üzümsü meyveler içerisinde en yüksek antosiyanin miktarına sahip olmasıyla birçok araştırmacının dikkatini çekmiştir. Aronya bitkisinin farklı kısımları ile yapılan çeşitli çalışmalar sonucunda bu bitkinin sindirim sistemi hastalıkları, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ve çeşitli kanser türleri üzerinde koruyucu etkisinin olduğu gösterilmiştir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ankara-Gölbaşı’nda agro-ekolojik koşullarda yetiştirilen aronya bitkisinin meyve ve yaprak kısımlarının metanol özütlerinin antimikrobiyal, antioksidan ve sitotoksik aktivitelerinin tespit edilmesidir. Bu amaçla bitkinin yaş ve kuru meyveleri ile yapraklarından metanol özütleri elde edilmiş, bu özütlerin farklı patojen mikroorganizmalar üzerindeki antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri mikrodilüsyon yöntemi ile antioksidan kapasiteleri ise DPPH serbest radikalini süpürme testi ile belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca özütlerin sağlıklı L929 fibroblast hücreleri üzerindeki sitotoksik etkisi MTT testi ile tespit edilmiştir.
En yüksek antimikrobiyal etkinin, kuru meyve özütünün Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 üzerine (Minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon değeri: 12,5 mg/mL) olduğu, özütlerin tümünün yüksek DPPH süpürücü etkiye sahip olduğu ve en yüksek antioksidan aktiviteyi ise yaş meyve özütünün gösterdiği (IC50: 0,71 ± 0,12 µg/mL) tespit edilmiştir. Özütler çalışılan dozlarda sağlıklı hücrelerin canlılığını yüksek oranda etkilememiş; özellikle düşük dozlarda ISO standartlarının kabul sınırları dahilinde olan %70 ve üzeri canlılık gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aronia melanocarpa (Michaux) Elliot, antimikrobiyal aktivite, antioksidan aktivite, sitotoksisite, biyolojik aktivite

Kaynakça

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