Bakım Verenler Arasında “İyi Ölüm” Kavramı: Sistematik Derleme

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 327 - 338, 19.03.2022

Pınar Zorba Bahçeli Derya Çınar Nazan Akça

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.887236

Öz

Bu sistematik derlemede, bakım verenlerde “iyi ölüm” kavramını değerlendirmek için 2015-2020 yılları arasında yayınlanmış olan araştırmaların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tam metin araştırmalar PubMed ve Medline veri tabanlarında, “good death, cancer, palliative care”; ULAKBİM Türk Tıp Dizini ve Google Akademikte “iyi ölüm, kanser, palyatif bakım,” anahtar kelimeleri ile taranmıştır. Araştırmaların orijinal araştırma makalesi olması ve “iyi ölüm” kavramının makale başlığında yer alması koşulları çalışmaya dahil edilme ölçütleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Dahil edilme ölçütlerine uyan 19 araştırmadan 12’si çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. İncelenen araştırmaların örneklemini formal ve informal bakım verenler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmaların sırasıyla onkoloji, palyatif bakım ve yoğun bakım ünitelerinde yapıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarda formal bakım verenler; iyi ölüm kavramını daha çok “ağrısız ölüm, "sevdiklerinin yanında ölüm ve huzurlu ölüm" olarak tanımlarken, informal bakım verenler ise; "bakım yükü oluşturmaması, ölüm sürecinin konuşulması ve ağrısız ölüm" olarak ifade etmiştir. Ayrıca formal ve informal bakım verenlerin iyi ölüm algılarının kültürel ve etnik özelliklerden dolayı değişkenlik gösterdiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu sistematik derleme, bu alanda yapılan araştırmaların sayısal sınırlılığını, bakım verenler arasında iyi ölüm kavramına ilişkin görüş ve tutum farklılıklarını ortaya koymuştur. Bu doğrultuda, ölmekte olan bireye bakım verenlerin iyi ölüm algılarının belirlenmesi ve bunu etkileyen faktörlerin tanımlanması, iyi ölüm algılarına ilişkin kültürel özelliklerini karşılaştıran farklı kültürlerde metodolojik çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ölüm, Kanser, Palyatif Bakım, Bakım Verenler

The Concept of "Good Death" Among Caregivers: A Systematic Review

Öz

In this systematic review, it is aimed to examine the studies that evaluated the concept of "good death" in caregivers and published between 2015-2020. Full text studies were scanned in PubMed, Medline, ULAKBİM Turkish Medical Directory and Google Scholar databases with the keywords “good death, cancer, palliative care”. The conditions that the studies are original research articles and the concept of "good death" are included in the article title are the criteria for inclusion in the study. Twelve of the 19 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The sample of the investigated studies consisted of formal and informal caregivers. It was determined that the researches were carried out in oncology, palliative and intensive care units. Formal caregivers in the studies; While defining the concept of good death as "painless death," death beside loved ones and peaceful death ", informal caregivers are; expressed it as "not creating a care burden, talking about the death process and painless death". In addition, it was concluded that good death perceptions of formal and informal caregivers vary due to cultural and ethnic characteristics. This systematic review revealed the numerical limitations of the studies in this field, and the differences in views and attitudes among caregivers regarding the concept of good death. Accordingly, it is recommended to determine good death perceptions of caregivers of dying individuals and to define the factors affecting this, and to conduct methodological studies in different cultures comparing cultural characteristics of good death perceptions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Death, Cancer, Palliative Care, Caregivers

Kaynakça

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