A Study on the Change in Postpartum Immunoglobulins of Goats and Kids

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 59 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 31.07.2018

Turgay Taşkın , Nedim Koşum Özer Kınık , Çağrı Kandemir , Ecem Akan

https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.394535

Cited By: 1

Öz

Objective: In the study, the changes in the immunoglobulin levels of the Saanen
goats fed with colostrum were determined during the three days after birth.

Material and Methods: The animal material of the research consists of 11 goats and 11 of
their kids. Colostrum samples were taken from the goats in three repetitions
(at birth, at 24th and 48th hours after birth). Changes in IgA, IgM, and IgG
levels were examined individually in 33 (11 x 3) colostrum samples taken at
birth and 24th and 48th hours after birth.

Results: IgA, IgM and IgG levels at birth and 24 and 48 hours after birth for
Saanen goats were 0.11-1.98-1.88 mg/ml, 0.28-0.95-14.01 mg/ml and
0.25-0.96-13.53 mg/ml, respectively. The IgA, IgM, IgG levels of kids at birth,
24, and 48 hours after birth were 0.76-1.11-19.22 mg/ml, 0.58-1.02-18.42 mg/ml
and 0.53-1.24-21.60 mg/ml, respectively. The effect of birth type and gender
and parity on IgA, IgM, and IgG levels were not significant, while the effect
of the time-dependent change was linearly and quadratically significant (P
<0.01).

Conclusion: In the colostrum secreted in the postpartum period in goats, it is
necessary for the immune substances to be taken as soon as possible since the
rate of passage of the immune substances transferred through the intestinal
epithelium by this way decreases in time.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Saanen goat, intensive conditions, fertility, growth traits, milk yield

A Study on the Change in Postpartum Immunoglobulins of Goats and Kids

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmada;
doğumu izleyen üç gün boyunca kolostrumla beslenen Saanen oğlaklarında
kolostrumda bulunan bağışıklık maddelerinin değişimi belirlenmiştir.

Materyal ve Metot:
Araştırmanın hayvan materyalini; 11 baş saf Saanen keçisi ile bunlardan doğan
11 baş oğlak olmak üzere toplam 22 baş hayvan oluşturmaktadır. Her keçiden
toplam 3 kez (doğumda ve bunu izleyen saatlerde 24. ve 48. saatte) kolostrum
örneği alınmıştır. Çalışmada, doğum, 24. ve 48. saatte alınan toplam 33 (11 x 3
) ağız sütü (kolostrum) örneğinde IgA, IgM, IgG düzeylerinin değişimleri
bireysel olarak incelenmiştir.

Bulgular: Saanen
keçilerinde IgA, IgM, IgG düzeyleri doğumda; 0.11-1.98-1.88mg/ml, 24 saat sonra
0.28-0.95-14.01 mg/ml ve 48 saat sonra 0.25-0.96-13.53 mg/ml değerleri arasında
değişmiştir. IgA, IgM, IgG nin oğlak kanlarında doğum, 24 ve 48. saatlerdeki
düzeyleri sırasıyla; 0.76-1.11-19.22 mg/ml, 0.58-1.02-18.42 mg/ml ve
0.53-1.24-21.60 mg/ml değerleri arasında değişmiştir. IgA, IgM, IgG düzeyleri
üzerinde oğlak doğum tipi, ve cinsiyeti ile laktasyon sırasının etkisi önemsiz,
zamana bağlı olarak değişimin etkisi gerek lineer gerekse kuadratik olarak
önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.01).

Sonuç: Keçilerde doğum sonrası dönemde salgılanan
kolostrumda yavruya bu yolla aktarılan bağışıklık maddelerinin bağırsak epitel
dokudan geçiş hızı azaldığı için oğlakların bağışıklık maddelerinin en kısa
sürede alması sağlanmalıdır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Saanen keçisi, entansif koşullar, döl verimi, gelişme özellikleri, süt verimi

Kaynakça

• Lerias JR, Hernandez Castellano LE, Suarez-Trujillo A, Castro N, Pourlis A, Almeida AM. 2014. The mammary gland in small ruminants; Major morphological and functional events underlying milk production. J Dairy Res, 81, 304–318.
• Morales-delaNuez A, Moreno-Indias I, Sanchez-Macias D, Hernandez-Castellano L E, Suarez-Trujillo A, Assuncao P, Arguello A, Castro N, Capote J. 2014. Effects of Crypthecodinium cohnii, Chlorela spp and Isochrysis galbana addition to milk replacer on goat kids and lambs growth. J Appl Anim Res, 42, 213–216.
• Sherman DM, Arendt TD, Gay JM, Maefsky VA. 1990. Comparing the effects of four colostrum preparations on serum IgG levels of newborn kids. Vet Med, 85, 908–913.
• Demiroren E, Shrestha JNB, Boylan WJ. 1995. Breed and environmental effects on components of ewe productivity in terms of multiple births, artificial rearing and 8-month breeding cycles. Small Rumin Res, 16, 239–249.
• Emsen E, Yaprak M, Bilgin OC, Emsen B, HW Ockerman. 2004. Growth performance of Awassi lambs fed calf milk replacer. Small Rumin Res, 53, 99–102.
• Mastellone V, Massimini G, Pero ME, Cortese L, Piantedosi D, Lombardi P, Britti D, Avallone L. 2011. Effects of passive transfer status on growth performance in buffalo calves. Asian Aust J Anim Sci, 24, 952–956.
• Stelwagen K, Carpenter E, Haigh B, Hodgkinson A, Wheeler TT. 2009. Immune components of bovine colostrum and milk. J Anim Sci, 87(Suppl.), 3–9.
• Hernandez-Castellano LE, Almeida AM, Castro N, Arguello A. 2014a. The colostrum proteome, ruminant nutrition and immunity. Curr Protein Pept Sci, 15, 64–74.
• Morales-delaNuez A, Moreno-Indias I, Sanchez-Macias D, Capote J, Juste MC, Castro N, Hernandez-Castellano LE, Arguello A. 2011. Sodium dodecyl sulphate reduces bacterial contamination in goat colostrum without negative effects on immune passive transfer in goat kids. J Dairy Sci, 94, 410–415. Banchero GE, Quintans G, Martin GB, Lindsay DR, Milton JT. 2004. Nutrition and colostrum production in sheep. Metabolic and hormonal responses to a high energy supplement in the final stages of pregnancy. Reprod Fertil Dev, 16, 633–643.
• Ahmad R, Khan A, Javed MT, Hussain I. 2000. The level of immunoglobulins in relation to neonatal lamb mortality in Pak-Karakul sheep. Vet Arhiv, 70, 129–139.
• Nobrega MA, Ovcharenko I, Afzal V, Rubin EM. 2003. Scanning human gene deserts for long-range enhancers. Science 302, 413.
• Nowak R, Poindron P. 2006. From birth to colostrum, Early steps leading to lamb survival. Reprod Nutr Dev, 46, 431–446.
• Hernandez-Castellano LE, Almeida AM, Ventosa M, Coelho AV, Castro N, Arguello A. 2014b. The effect of colostrum intake on blood plasma proteome profile in newborn lambs: Low abundance proteins. BMC Vet Res, 10, 85.
• Chen JC, Chang CJ, Peh HC, Chen SY. 1999. Serum protein levels and neonatal growth rate of Nubian goal kids in Taiwan area. Small Rumin Res, 32, 153–160.
• Ahmadi M, Velciov A, Riviş A, Traşcă T, Hărmănescu M, Antoanela C, Scurtu M. 2009. Physico-chemical and Nutritional Characterization of Bovine Colostrum, 16th Symposium on Analytical and Environmental Problems, 28 September SZAB Szeged, Hungary. 430- 433.
• Alves AC, Alves NG, Ascari IJ, Junqueira FB, Coutinho AS, Lima RR, Perez JRO, De Paula SO, Furusho-Garcia IF, Abreu LR. 2015. Colostrum composition of Santa Ines sheep and passive transfer of immunity to lambs, J Dairy Sci, 68(6): 3706-3716.
• Ramirez A, Quileys A, Hevia ML, Sotillo F, Ramirez MC. 1996. Influence of forced contact on the maternal filial bond in the domestic goat after different periods of postpartum separation. Small Rumin Res, 23, 75–81.
• Rachman AB, Maheswari RRA, Bachroem MS. 2015. Composition and Isolation of Lactoferin from Colostrum and Milk of Various Goad Breeds. Procedia Food Sci, 3, 200-210.
• Arguello A. 2011. Trends in goat research. J Appl Anim Res, 39, 429–434.
• Trujillo AJ, Castro N, Quevedo JM, Arguello A, Capote J, Guamis B. 2007. Effect of heat and high pressure treatments on microbiological quality and immunoglobulin G stability of caprine colostrum. J Dairy Sci, 90, 833–839.
• Castro N, Capote J, Bruckmaier RM, Arguello A. 2011. Management effects on colostrogenesis in small ruminants. J Appl Anim Res, 39, 85–93.
• Ruiz P, Sesena S, Rieiro I, Llanos PM. 2014. Effect of postpartum time and season on physic chemical characteristics of Murcia-Granada goat colostrum, Int J Diary Tech, 68(1): 88-96.
• Aldomy Hussein NO, Sawalha L, Khatatbeh K, Aldomy A. 2009. A national survey of perinatal mortality in sheep and goats in Jordan. Pak Vet J, 29, 102–106.
• Marounek M, Pavlata L, Misurova L, Volek Z, Dvorak R. 2012. Changes in the composition of goat colostrum during the first month of lactation, Czech J Anim Sci, 57(1): 28-33.
• Suraya MS, Yaakub H. 2011. Effect of colostrum feeding on the serum immunoglobulin level in Saanen crossbred kids. Mal. J Anim Sci, 14, 25-29.
• Chigerwe M, Dawes ME, Tyler JW, Middleton JR, Moore MP, Nagy DM. 2005. Evaluation of a cow-side immunoassay kit for assessing Ig G concentration in colostrum. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 27, 129-131.
• Dale LG, Stephen DA, Deborah MH. 2009. Failure of passive transfer and effective colostrum management in calves. from http://www.larounds.ca/crus/laveng_120 3.pdf, Accessed:16/11/2009
• Anonim. 1981. TS 1018 Çiğ Süt Standardı, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Kurt A, Çakmakçı S, Çağlar A: Süt ve mamülleri muayene ve analiz metotları rehberi (9. Baskı). Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 18, 254s, Erzurum, 2007.
• Renner E. 1993. Practical handouts to the milk, Justus Liebig Universitat, Germany, 76.
• Gürbüz F, Başpınar E, Çamdeviren H, Keskin S. 2003. Tekrarlanan ölçümlü deneme düzenlerinin analizi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Matbaası, Van.
• Singh AK. 2010. Studies on immune functions and metabolic status of growing buffalo calves in response to colostral immunoglobulins. MSc Thesis submitted to NDRI Deemed University, Karnal (Haryana), India.
• Berry E, Broughan J. 2007. Use of the DeLaval cell counter (DCC) on goats’ milk. J Dairy Res, 74(3): 345-348.
• Keskin M, Güler Z, Gül S, Biçer O. 2007. Changes in Gross Chemical Compositions of Ewe and Goat Colostrum during Ten Days Postpartum. J App Anim Res, 32(1): 25-28.
• Rodriguez AB, Landa R, Bodas R, Prieto N, Mantecon AR, Giraldez FJ. 2008. Effect of rearing system carcass and meat quality Assaf milk fed lambs: Meat Sci, 80, 225–230.
• Rodriguez C, Castro N, Capote J, Morales-dela Nuez A, Moreno-Indias I, Sanchez-Macias D, Arguello A. 2009. Effect of colostrum immunoglobulin concentration on immunity in Majorera goat kids. J Dairy Sci, 92, 1696–1701.
• Moro I, Abo T, Crago SS, Komiyama K, Mestecky J. 1985. Natural killer cells in human colostrum. Cell Immunol, 93, 467– 474.
• Islam N, Ahmed L, Khan NI, Huque S, Begun A, Yunus ABM. 2009. Immune components (IgA, IgM, IgG immune cells) of colostrum of Bangladeshi mothers. Pediatr Int, 48(6): 543–548.
• Langer, P. 2009. Differences in the composition of colostrum and milk in eutherians reflect differences in immunoglobulin transfer. J Mammal, 90, 332–339.
• Moreno-Indias, I, Sanchez-Macias D, Castro N, Morales-delaNuez A, Hernandez-Castellano LE, Capote J, Arguello A. 2012b. Chemical composition and immune status dairy goat colostrum fractions during the first 10h after partum. Small Rumin Res, 103, 220-224.
• Pakkanen R, Aalto J. 1997. Growth factors and antimicrobial factors of bovine colostrum. Intl Dairy J, 7, 285–297.
• Hernandez-Castellano LE, Torres A, Alavoine A, Ruiz-Diaz MD, Arguello A, Capote J, Castro N. 2011. Effect of milking frequency on milk immunoglobulin concentration (IgG, IgM and IgA) and chitotriosidase activity in Majorera goats. Small Rumin Res, 98, 70–72.
• Besser TE, Gay CC. 1994. The importance of colostrum to the health of the neonatal calf. Vet. Clin North Am. Food Anim Prac, 10, 107–117.
• Quigley JD, Drewry JJ. 1998. Nutrient and immunity transfer from cow to calf pre- and post-calving. J Dairy Sci, 8, 79–90.
• Quigley JD, French P, James RE. 2000. Effect of pH on absorption of immunoglobulin G in neonatal calves. J Dairy Sci, 83, 1853–1855.
• Quigley JD, Carson AF, Polo J. 2002. Immunoglobulin derived from bovine plasma as a replacement for colostrum in newborn lambs. Vet Ther, 3, 262–269.
• Korhonen H. 1998. Colostrum immunoglobulins and the complement system potential ingredients of functional foods. Bulletin Intl Dairy Fed, 336, 36–40.
• Moreno-Indias I, Morales-delaNuez A, Hernandez-Castellano LE, Sanchez-Macias D, Capote J, Castro N, Arguello A. 2012a. Docosahexaenoic acid in the goat kid diet: Effects on immune system and meat quality. J Anim Sci, 90, 3729–3738.
• Arguello A, Castro N, Alvarez S, Capote J. 2005. Effects of the number of lactations and litter size on chemical composition and physical characteristics of goat colostrum. Small Rum Res, 64, 53-59.
• O’Brien J, Sherman D. 1993. Serum immunoglobulin concentrations of newborn goat kids and subsequent kid survival through weaning. Small Rumin Res, 11, 71-77.
• Marnet PG, Komara M. 2008. Management systems with extended milking intervals in ruminants: regulation, production, and quality of milk. J Anim Sci. 86, 47–56.
• Arguello A, Castro N, Alvarez S, Capote J. 2006a. Effects of the number of lactations and litter size on chemical composition and physical characteristics of goat colostrum. Small Rumin Res 64, 53–59.
• Arguello A, Castro N, Batista M, Moreno-Indias I, Morales-DelaNuez A, Sanchez-Macias D, Quesada E, Capote J. 2008. Chitotriosidase activity in goat blood and colostrum. J Dairy Sci, 91, 2067–2070.
• Hadjipanayiotou M. 1995. Composition of ewe, goat and cow milk and of colostrum of ewes and goats. Small Rumin Res, 18, 255-262.
• Arguello A, Castro N, Capote J. 2004. Growth of milk replacer kids fed under three different managements. J Appl Anim Res, 25, 37–40.
• Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC: http://www.aoac.org/aoac_prod_imis/AOAC/Publications/Official_Methods_of_Analysis/AOAC_Member/Pubs/OMA/AOAC_Official_Methods_of_Analysis.aspx?hkey=5142c478-ab50-4856-8939-a7a491756f48, 2000, Accessed: 01.07.2016
• Piccione G, Scianò S, Messina V, Casella S, Zumbo A. 2011b. Changes in serum total proteins, protein fractions and albumin-globulin ratio during neonatal period in goat kids and their mothers after parturition. Ann Anim Sci, 11, 251–260.
• Arguello A. 2000. Artificial rearing of kids. Colostrum feed, growth, carcass quality and meat quality. PhD Thesis Las Palmas de Gran Canary University, Spain.
• Capote J, Darmanin N, Delgado JV, Fresno MR, Lo´pez JL. 1992. Agrupacio´n Caprina Canaria Ed. Consejerı´a de Agricultura y Pesca del Gobierno de Canarias, Canary Islands, Spain.
• Castro N, Capote J, Alvarez S, Arguello A. 2005. Effects of lyophilized colostrum and different colostrum feeding regimens on passive transfer of immunoglobulin G in Majorera goat kids. J Dairy Sci, 88, 3650–3654.
• Christley RM, Morgan KL, Parkin TDH, French NP. 2003. Factors related to the risk of neonatal mortality, birth-weight and serum immunoglobulin concentration in lambs in the UK. Prev Vet Med, 57, 209–226.
• Constant SB, LeBlanc MM, Klapstein EF, Beebe DE, Leneau HM, Nunier CJ. 1994. Serum immunoglobulin G concentration in goat kids fed colostrum or a colostrum substitute. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 205, 1759–1762.
• Halliday R, Williams MR. 1979. Absorption of immunoglobulin from colostrum by bottle-fed lambs. Ann Rech Vet, 10, 549–556.
• Linzell JL, Peaker M. 1974. Changes in colostrum composition and in the permeability of the mammary epithelium at about the time of parturition in the goat. J Physiol, 243, 129-151.
• Morin DE, McCoy GC, Hurley WL. 1997. Effects of quality, quantity, and timing of colostrum feeding and addition of a dried colostrum supplement on immuno- globulin G1 absorption in Holstein bull calves. J Dairy Sci, 80, 747–753.
• Ontsouka QRU, Bruckmaier J, Blum W. 2003. Fractionized milk composition during removal of colostrum and mature milk. J Dairy Sci, 86, 2005- 2011.
• SPSS 15. 2007. Veri Analiz Yöntemleri. Eymen, U.E. İstatistik Merkez Yayın No:1.