The Impact of Low Birth Weight and Gestational Age on Premature Retinopathy Outcomes

Öz

Background: The study aimed to investigate the incidence and treatment of retinopathy of prematu-rity (ROP) in premature infants, focusing on its relationship with gestational age and birth weight. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 1101 infants with a gestational age of 34 weeks or less and/or a birth weight of 1700 grams or less, screened for ROP between 2021 and 2023. Results: Fifty-five infants required ROP treatment. ROP incidence was higher in lower birth weight and earlier gestational age groups. Among infants weighing 1000 grams or less, 56.1% developed ROP, compared to 43% in the 1001-1250 gram category and 28.1% in the 1251-1700 gram category. For gestational age, 53.2% of infants less than 27 weeks, 26.8% of 27-34 weeks, and 12.7% of over 34 weeks developed ROP. Conclusions: Premature infants, especially those with very low birth weight and early gestational age, are at high risk for ROP, necessitating comprehensive screening and timely intervention.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Retinopathy of prematurity
• Birth weight
• Gestational age
• Laserphotocoagulation.

Düşük Doğum Ağırlığı ve Gebelik Yaşının Prematüre Retinopatisi Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, prematüre bebeklerde prematüre retinopatisi (ROP) insidansı ve tedavisini araştırmak, özellikle gestasyonel yaş ve doğum ağırlığı ile ilişkisini incelemektir. Materyal ve Metod: Bu retrospektif çalışma, 2021 ve 2023 yılları arasında ROP için taranan, gestas-yon yaşı 34 hafta veya daha az ve/veya doğum ağırlığı 1700 gram veya daha az olan 1101 bebeği analiz etmiştir. Bulgular: Elli beş bebek ROP tedavisi gerektirmiştir. ROP insidansı, daha düşük doğum ağırlığı ve daha erken gestasyonel yaş gruplarında daha yüksekti. 1000 gram veya daha az ağırlığındaki bebeklerin %56,1'i ROP geliştirirken, 1001-1250 gram kategorisinde %43 ve 1251-1700 gram kategorisinde %28,1 ROP geliştirmiştir. Gestasyonel yaşa göre, 27 haftadan küçük bebeklerin %53,2'si, 27-34 hafta arası bebeklerin %26,8'i ve 34 haftadan büyük bebeklerin %12,7'si ROP geliştirmiştir. Sonuç: Prematüre bebekler, özellikle çok düşük doğum ağırlığı ve erken gestasyonel yaşa sahip olan-lar, ROP için yüksek risk altındadır ve kapsamlı tarama ve zamanında müdahale gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Prematüre retinopatisi
• Doğum ağırlığı
• Gebelik yaşı
• Lazer fotokoagülasyon

Kaynakça

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