Courtyard in Contemporary Multi-Unit Housing: Residential Quality with Sustainability and Sense of Community

Öz

Courtyard is an important element, a representation of success in social sustainability and architectural quality. The philosophy of courtyard within the urban fabric is an expression of cohesion and community. While courtyard typology sustains in some urban patterns with an adaptation, this continuum has not been achieved in some contexts. Vernacular architecture had to face several challenges and courtyard typology was replaced with profitable mass housing without previous spatial codes at the expense of the human needs and values that guide design decisions. In this context, this paper aims to provide sustainability of the courtyard in contemporary housing with an adaptation such as after-war Syria redevelopment in order to provide a socio-spatial quality and sustainability. The study reviews the sense of courtyard for residential areas and examines the reasons for the absence of this element in contemporary multi-unit housing. Moreover, this study analyses housing examples with courtyard from different periods of Vienna with cause-effect relationship. The study concludes that Vienna has provided a wealth of innovative experimentations of courtyard in contemporary housing successfully which can lead new housing dynamics in urban contexts such as Syria.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Courtyard
• housing quality
• social sustainability
• Vienna Housing
• urban morphology
• sustainability
• architectural codes

Günümüz Çok Katlı Konut Alanlarında Avlu: Sürdürülebilirlik ve Güçlü Topluluk Hissi ile Oluşturulan Kaliteli Yaşam Alanları

Öz

Avlu, sosyal sürdürülebilirlik ve mimari kalitedeki başarının bir temsili olarak önemli bir tasarım unsurdur. Kent dokusu içerisinde avlu, felsefik olarak sosyal uyum ve topluluğun bir ifadesidir. Avlu tipolojisi bazı kent morfolojilerinde bir uyarlama ile varlığını sürdürürken, bazı bağlamlarda bu süreklilik sağlanamamıştır. Çeşitli dönüşümlerle konut çeşitli zorluklarla yüzleşmek zorunda kalmış ve avlu tipolojisi, tasarım kararlarını yönlendiren insan ihtiyaçları ve değerlerinin yok olması pahasına ve rant uğruna kopukluğa uğrayan mekansal kodlarla farklı konut biçimlerine evrilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, bu makale, sosyo-mekânsal bir kalite ve sürdürülebilirlik sağlamak için savaş sonrası Suriye güncel çok katlı konut alanlarının yeniden yapılandırılması gibi bağlamlarda avlu tipolojisinin adaptasyonla devamının sağlanmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, konut alanları için avlu olgusunun önemini vurgularken, çağdaş konutlarda bu unsurun kayboluşunun nedenlerini de ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, bu çalışma, bir mimari kod olarak avlu tipolojisini yaratıcı bir süreklilik ve adaptasyon ile ortaya koyan Viyana şehrinin farklı dönemlerine ait avlulu konut örneklerini neden-sonuç ilişkisi ile analiz etmektedir. Çağdaş konutlarda başarılı ve yaratıcı avlu deneyimlerinin ve bu sürdürülebilirliğin somut olarak ortaya konması ile Viyana'nın, Suriye gibi bağlamlarda güncel konut dinamiklerine yön verme potansiyelini açığa çıkarırken nasıl sağlanabileceği konusunda rehber niteliğindedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avlu
• sosyal sürdürülebilirlik
• Viyana
• konut tasarımı
• kent morfolojisi
• sürdürülebilirlik
• mimari kodlar

Kaynakça

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