The Effect of Different Fertilizer Sources and Doses on the Yield of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum L.)

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of organic and inorganic fertilisers and doses on yield and yield components of durum wheat and nitrogen use efficiency. The research was carried out in the greenhouse of Dicle University Faculty of Agriculture in Diyarbakır in 2019-2020. Sena durum wheat variety registered by Dicle University Faculty of Agriculture was used as plant material in the study. For fertiliser application, 6 different fertiliser sources of organic and inorganic origin and 5 different doses of these fertilisers were applied. According to the results of the study, sheep and farmyard manures and compound fertiliser (20-20-0) applications had the highest results in terms of grain yield and biological yield. The highest value for grain yield was obtained at N3 dose and for biological yield value at N5 dose. Among the different fertiliser treatments, the highest nitrogen use efficiency was obtained with compound fertiliser (20-20-0), certified commercial organic fertiliser (Seleda) and vermicompost fertiliser sources, while the lowest nitrogen use efficiency was observed in farmyard and sheep manure sources. According to the applied doses, the highest nitrogen use efficiency was obtained at N1 dose and the lowest at N0 dose. In the analyses between fertiliser sources, positive correlations between nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield were determined in certified commercial organic manure (Seleda), chicken manure, vermicompost and sheep manure sources. In addition, positive correlations were observed between SPAD and yield in all fertiliser sources except vermicompost.

Keywords

• Wheat
• Dose
• Fertiliser
• Organic
• Yield

Farklı Gübre Kaynaklarının ve Dozlarının Makarnalık Buğdayın (Triticum durum L.) Verimine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada organik ve inorganik kaynaklı gübrelerin ve dozlarının makarnalık buğdayın verim ve verim öğelerine etkisi ve azot kullanım etkinliği yönünden değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma 2019-2020 yılında Diyarbakır’da Dicle Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesine ait serada gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada bitki materyali olarak Dicle Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi tarafından tescil ettirilen Sena makarnalık buğday çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Gübre uygulaması için organik ve inorganik kaynaklı 6 farklı gübre kaynağı ve bu gübrelerin 5 farklı dozu uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, küçükbaş hayvan gübresi ve kompoze gübre (20-20-0) uygulamaları, tane verimi ve biyolojik verim değeri açısından en yüksek sonuçları vermiştir. Tane verimi için en yüksek değer N3 dozunda, biyolojik verim değeri için ise N5 dozunda elde edilmiştir. Farklı gübre uygulamaları arasında en yüksek azot kullanım etkinliği kompoze gübre (20-20-0), sertifikalı ticari organik gübre (Seleda) ve solucan gübresi kaynaklarıyla elde edilirken, en düşük azot kullanım etkinliği büyükbaş ve küçükbaş hayvan gübre kaynaklarında görülmüştür. Uygulanan dozlara göre en yüksek azot kullanım etkinliği N1 dozunda, en düşük ise N0 dozunda elde edilmiştir. Gübre kaynakları arasında yapılan analizlerde, azot kullanım etkinliği ile tane verimi arasında sertifikalı ticari organik gübre (Seleda), tavuk gübresi, solucan gübresi ve küçükbaş hayvan gübre kaynaklarında pozitif ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, solucan gübresi dışında diğer tüm gübre kaynaklarında SPAD ile verim arasında pozitif korelasyonlar gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buğday
• Doz
• Gübre
• Organik
• Verim

Kaynakça

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