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Cosmopolitanism as a Dimension of Global Consumer Culture and a Research on the Cosmopolit Profiles of Consumers

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 2, 269 - 295, 05.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.742324

Öz

Companies which compete each other with the goal to properly fulfil customer needs develop their marketing strategies based on many factors such as psychological, economical and socio-cultural factors. Cosmopolitanism is such concepts that companies need to take into account in terms of how consumers form their purchasing decisions. The main subject of the study is the level of the cosmopolitan tendencies of the consumers and the effects of the demographic features and the dimensions of the global consumer culture that cause these tendencies to form. For this purpose, the level of the cosmopolitan tendencies of the participants were analyzed and various findings were reached. In this context, unlike similar studies, in this study it was carried out a classification on Turkish consumers and the consumers’ cosmopolitan tendencies were divided into three levels. After that, correlations of the three levels of the consumers’ cosmopolitan tendencies were investigated in terms of the demographics features. By doing so, a cosmopolit profile was aimed to be revealed.

Kaynakça

  • Akaka, M. A., ve Alden, D. L. (2010). Global Brand Positioning and Perceptions: International Advertising and Global Consumer Culture. InternationaL Journal of Advertising, 29(1), 37-56.
  • Alden, D. L., Steenkamp, J. B. E., ve Batra, R. (1999). Brand Positioning Through Advertising in Asia, North America, and Europe: The Role of Global Consumer Culture. Journal of Marketing, 63(1), 75-87.
  • Altıntaş, M. H., Kurtulmuşoğlu, F. B., Kaufmann, H. R., Harcar, T., ve Gundogan, N. (2013). The Development and Validation of a Consumer Cosmopolitanism Scale: The Polar Opposite of Xenophobic Attitudes. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 26(1), 137-154.
  • Al-Zayat, Z., ve Bäcklund, J. (2015). The Association Between Cosmopolitanism and Global Brand Loyalty: A Quantitative Study in Developing and Developed Countries. Master Thesis of Marketing, Sweden: Linnaeus University.
  • Appadurai, A. (1990). Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy. Theory, Culture & Society, 7(2-3), 295-310.
  • Arifin, W. N. (2015). The Graphical Assessment of Multivariate Normality Using SPSS. Education in Medicine Journal, 7(2), 71-75.
  • Auruskeviciene, V., Vianelli, D., ve Reardon, J. (2012). Comparison of Consumer Ethnocentrism Behavioural Patterns in Transitional Economies. Transformations in Business and Economics, 11(2), 20-35.
  • Balabanis, G., Diamantopoulos, A., Mueller, R. D., ve Melewar, T. C. (2001). The Impact of Nationalism, Patriotism and Internationalism on Consumer Ethnocentric Tendencies. Journal of International Business Studies, 32(1), 157-175.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör Analizi: Temel Kavramlar ve Ölçek Geliştirmede Kullanımı. Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Yönetimi Dergisi, 8(4), 470-483.
  • Caldwell, M., Blackwell, K., ve Tulloch, K. (2006). Cosmopolitanism as a Consumer Orientation: Replicating and Extending Prior Research. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 9(2), 126-139.
  • Cannon, H. M., ve Yaprak A. (1993). Toward a Theory of Cross-National Segmentation. Proceedings for 1993 Annual Meeting of the Academy of International Business.
  • Cannon, H. M., Yoon, S. J., McGowan, L., ve Yaprak, A. (1994). In Search of the Global Consumer. In Proceedings for the 1994 Annual Meeting of the Academy of International Business.
  • Cannon, H. M., ve Yaprak, A. (2002). Will the Real-World Citizen Please Stand Up! The Many Faces of Cosmopolitan Consumer Behavior. Journal of International Marketing, 10(4), 30-52.
  • Cannon, H. M., ve Yaprak, A. (2012). Cosmopolitanism as a Journey: The Construct and Dynamics of Change. Consumer Cosmopolitanism in the Age of Globalization, 3-28.
  • Carpenter, J., Moore, M., Doherty, A. M., ve Alexander, N. (2012). Acculturation to the Global Consumer Culture: A Generational Cohort Comparison. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 20(5), 411-423.
  • Carpenter, J. M., Moore, M., Alexander, N., ve Doherty, A. M. (2013). Consumer Demographics, Ethnocentrism, Cultural Values, and Acculturation to the Global Consumer Culture: A Retail Perspective. Journal of Marketing Management, 29(3-4), 271-291.
  • Chen, Y., Wang, Q., ve Xie, J. (2011). Online Social Interactions: A Natural Experiment on Word of Mouth Versus Observational Learning. Journal of Marketing Research, 48(2), 238-254.
  • Cleveland, M., ve Laroche, M. (2007). Acculturaton to the Global Consumer Culture: Scale Development and Research Paradigm. Journal of Business Research, 60(3), 249-259.
  • Cleveland, M., Laroche, M., ve Papadopoulos, N. (2009). Cosmopolitanism, Consumer Ethnocentrism, and Materialism: An Eight Country Study of Antecedents and Outcomes. Journal of International Marketing, 17(1), 116-146.
  • Cleveland, M., Erdoğan, S., Arıkan, G., ve Poyraz, T. (2011). Cosmopolitanism, Individual-Level Values and Cultural-Level Values: A Cross Cultural Study. Journal of Business Research, 64(9), 934-943.
  • Crawford, J. C., ve Lamb Jr, C. W. (1982). Effect of Worldmindedness Among Professional Buyers Upon Their Willingness to Buy Foreign Products. Psychological Reports, 50(3), 859-862.
  • Czarnecka, B., Schivinski, B., ve Keles, S. (2020). How Values of Individualism and Collectivism Influence Impulsive Buying and Money Budgeting: The Mediating Role of Acculturation to Global Consumer Culture. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 19(5), 505-522.
  • Çelik, H. E., ve Yılmaz, V. (2016). LISREL 9.1 ile Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi: Temel Kavramlar-Uygulamalar-Programlama. Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik: SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları. Pegem Akademi.
  • Elangovan, N., ve Cherian, P. K. (2016). The Effect of Cosmopolitanism on Purchase Behavior of Foreign Fashion Product Among City's Youth. International Journal of Advance Research, 2(2), 1659-1666.
  • Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., ve Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1-4.
  • Featherstone, M. (2002). Cosmopolis: An Introduction. Theory, Culture & Society, 19(1-2), 1-16.
  • Fornell, C., ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Godes, D., Mayzlin, D., Chen, Y., Das, S., Dellarocas, C., Pfeiffer, B., Libai, B., Sen, S., Shi, M., ve Verlegh, P. (2005). The Firm's Management of Social Interactions. Marketing Letters, 16(3-4), 415-428.
  • Güngördü, A., ve Yumuşak, T. (2017). Examining Consumer Cosmopolitanism and Foreign Travelling in the Context of Consumer Behavior. Journal of Business Research Turk, 9(1), 271-280.
  • Hair Jr., J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., ve Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM): An Emerging Tool in Business Research. European Business Review, 26(2), 106-121.
  • Hannerz, U. (1990). Cosmopolitans and Locals in World Culture. Theory, Culture & Society, 7(2-3), 237-251.
  • Hannerz, U. (1992). Cultural Complexity: Studies in the Social Organization of Meaning. Columbia University Press.
  • Held D., ve McGrew, A. (2008). Büyük Küreselleşme Tartışması, (Çev. A. S. Mercan, E. Sarıot). Phoenix Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Hu, L. T., ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff Criteria for Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Huntington, S. P. (1996). The West: Unique, Not Universal. Foreign Affairs, 75(6), 28-46.
  • Hwang, J. K., Kim, E. J., Lee, S. M., & Lee, Y. K (2021). Impact of Susceptibility to Global Consumer Culture on Commitment and Loyalty in Botanic Cosmetic Brands. Sustainability, 13(2), 892.
  • Jaffe, E. D., ve Nebenzahl, I. D. (2006). National Image & Competitive Advantage: The Theory and Practice of Place Branding. 2nd Ed., Copenhagen Business School Press.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2017). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara: Dinamik Akademik.
  • Katz, D. (1960). The Functional Approach to the Study of Attitudes. Public Opinion Quarterly, 24(2), 163-204.
  • Klein, J. G., Ettenson, R., ve Morris, M. D. (1998). The Animosity Model of Foreign Product Purchase: An Empirical Test in the People's Republic of China. Journal of Marketing, 62(1), 89-100.
  • Lee, K. T., Lee, Y. l., ve Lee, R. (2014). Economic Nationalism and Cosmopolitanism: A Study of Interpersonal Antecedents and Differential Outcomes. European Journal of Marketing, 48(5/6), 1133-1158.
  • Lee, T. S., ve Chen, F. F. (2008). Country Image Effect on Taiwanese Consumers' Willingness to Buy from Neighboring Countries. International Journal of Commerce and Retail Management, 18(2), 166-183.
  • Levy, O., Beechler, S., Taylor, S., ve Boyacigiller, N. A. (2007). What We Talk about When We Talk about “Global Mindset”: Managerial Cognition in Multinational Corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(2), 231-258.
  • Meydan, C. H., ve Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Nakip, M. (2013). Pazarlamada Araştırma Teknikleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.
  • Pallant, J. (2011). SPSS Survival Manual. 4th Ed., Australia: Allen & Unwin.
  • Parts, O., ve Vida, I. (2011). The Effects of Consumer Cosmopolitanism on Purchase Behavior of Foreign vs. Domestic Products. Managing Global Transitions, 9(4), 355.
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Global Tüketici Kültürünün Bir Boyutu Olarak Kozmopolitlik ve Tüketicilerin Kozmopolit Profilleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 2, 269 - 295, 05.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.742324

Öz

Tüketici ihtiyaçlarına uygun cevap verebilme adına rekabet eden şirketlerin pazarlama stratejileri psikolojik, ekonomik, sosyo-kültürel vb. pek çok faktör göz önünde bulundurularak oluşturulmaktadır. Kozmopolitanizm gibi kavramlar, tüketicilerin satın alma tercihlerinin oluşumunda işletmelerin dikkate almaları gereken kavramlardır. Bu çalışmanın temel konusunu tüketicilerin kozmopolit eğilimlerinin düzeyi ve bu eğilimlerin şekillenmesine neden olabilecek demografik özelliklerin ve global tüketici kültürü boyutlarının etkileri oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla, katılımcıların kozmopolit eğilimleri ele alınarak analiz edilmiş ve çeşitli bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, benzer çalışmalardan farklı olarak, bu çalışmada Türk tüketiciler üzerinde düzeysel açıdan bir sınıflandırma yapılmış ve tüketicilerin kozmopolit eğilimleri üç düzeye ayrılmıştır. Daha sonra, tüketici kozmopolit eğilimlerinin üç düzeyinin ilişkileri demografik özellikler bağlamında incelenmiştir. Böylelikle, kozmopolit bir profil ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Akaka, M. A., ve Alden, D. L. (2010). Global Brand Positioning and Perceptions: International Advertising and Global Consumer Culture. InternationaL Journal of Advertising, 29(1), 37-56.
  • Alden, D. L., Steenkamp, J. B. E., ve Batra, R. (1999). Brand Positioning Through Advertising in Asia, North America, and Europe: The Role of Global Consumer Culture. Journal of Marketing, 63(1), 75-87.
  • Altıntaş, M. H., Kurtulmuşoğlu, F. B., Kaufmann, H. R., Harcar, T., ve Gundogan, N. (2013). The Development and Validation of a Consumer Cosmopolitanism Scale: The Polar Opposite of Xenophobic Attitudes. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 26(1), 137-154.
  • Al-Zayat, Z., ve Bäcklund, J. (2015). The Association Between Cosmopolitanism and Global Brand Loyalty: A Quantitative Study in Developing and Developed Countries. Master Thesis of Marketing, Sweden: Linnaeus University.
  • Appadurai, A. (1990). Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy. Theory, Culture & Society, 7(2-3), 295-310.
  • Arifin, W. N. (2015). The Graphical Assessment of Multivariate Normality Using SPSS. Education in Medicine Journal, 7(2), 71-75.
  • Auruskeviciene, V., Vianelli, D., ve Reardon, J. (2012). Comparison of Consumer Ethnocentrism Behavioural Patterns in Transitional Economies. Transformations in Business and Economics, 11(2), 20-35.
  • Balabanis, G., Diamantopoulos, A., Mueller, R. D., ve Melewar, T. C. (2001). The Impact of Nationalism, Patriotism and Internationalism on Consumer Ethnocentric Tendencies. Journal of International Business Studies, 32(1), 157-175.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör Analizi: Temel Kavramlar ve Ölçek Geliştirmede Kullanımı. Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Yönetimi Dergisi, 8(4), 470-483.
  • Caldwell, M., Blackwell, K., ve Tulloch, K. (2006). Cosmopolitanism as a Consumer Orientation: Replicating and Extending Prior Research. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 9(2), 126-139.
  • Cannon, H. M., ve Yaprak A. (1993). Toward a Theory of Cross-National Segmentation. Proceedings for 1993 Annual Meeting of the Academy of International Business.
  • Cannon, H. M., Yoon, S. J., McGowan, L., ve Yaprak, A. (1994). In Search of the Global Consumer. In Proceedings for the 1994 Annual Meeting of the Academy of International Business.
  • Cannon, H. M., ve Yaprak, A. (2002). Will the Real-World Citizen Please Stand Up! The Many Faces of Cosmopolitan Consumer Behavior. Journal of International Marketing, 10(4), 30-52.
  • Cannon, H. M., ve Yaprak, A. (2012). Cosmopolitanism as a Journey: The Construct and Dynamics of Change. Consumer Cosmopolitanism in the Age of Globalization, 3-28.
  • Carpenter, J., Moore, M., Doherty, A. M., ve Alexander, N. (2012). Acculturation to the Global Consumer Culture: A Generational Cohort Comparison. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 20(5), 411-423.
  • Carpenter, J. M., Moore, M., Alexander, N., ve Doherty, A. M. (2013). Consumer Demographics, Ethnocentrism, Cultural Values, and Acculturation to the Global Consumer Culture: A Retail Perspective. Journal of Marketing Management, 29(3-4), 271-291.
  • Chen, Y., Wang, Q., ve Xie, J. (2011). Online Social Interactions: A Natural Experiment on Word of Mouth Versus Observational Learning. Journal of Marketing Research, 48(2), 238-254.
  • Cleveland, M., ve Laroche, M. (2007). Acculturaton to the Global Consumer Culture: Scale Development and Research Paradigm. Journal of Business Research, 60(3), 249-259.
  • Cleveland, M., Laroche, M., ve Papadopoulos, N. (2009). Cosmopolitanism, Consumer Ethnocentrism, and Materialism: An Eight Country Study of Antecedents and Outcomes. Journal of International Marketing, 17(1), 116-146.
  • Cleveland, M., Erdoğan, S., Arıkan, G., ve Poyraz, T. (2011). Cosmopolitanism, Individual-Level Values and Cultural-Level Values: A Cross Cultural Study. Journal of Business Research, 64(9), 934-943.
  • Crawford, J. C., ve Lamb Jr, C. W. (1982). Effect of Worldmindedness Among Professional Buyers Upon Their Willingness to Buy Foreign Products. Psychological Reports, 50(3), 859-862.
  • Czarnecka, B., Schivinski, B., ve Keles, S. (2020). How Values of Individualism and Collectivism Influence Impulsive Buying and Money Budgeting: The Mediating Role of Acculturation to Global Consumer Culture. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 19(5), 505-522.
  • Çelik, H. E., ve Yılmaz, V. (2016). LISREL 9.1 ile Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi: Temel Kavramlar-Uygulamalar-Programlama. Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik: SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları. Pegem Akademi.
  • Elangovan, N., ve Cherian, P. K. (2016). The Effect of Cosmopolitanism on Purchase Behavior of Foreign Fashion Product Among City's Youth. International Journal of Advance Research, 2(2), 1659-1666.
  • Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., ve Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1-4.
  • Featherstone, M. (2002). Cosmopolis: An Introduction. Theory, Culture & Society, 19(1-2), 1-16.
  • Fornell, C., ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Godes, D., Mayzlin, D., Chen, Y., Das, S., Dellarocas, C., Pfeiffer, B., Libai, B., Sen, S., Shi, M., ve Verlegh, P. (2005). The Firm's Management of Social Interactions. Marketing Letters, 16(3-4), 415-428.
  • Güngördü, A., ve Yumuşak, T. (2017). Examining Consumer Cosmopolitanism and Foreign Travelling in the Context of Consumer Behavior. Journal of Business Research Turk, 9(1), 271-280.
  • Hair Jr., J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., ve Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM): An Emerging Tool in Business Research. European Business Review, 26(2), 106-121.
  • Hannerz, U. (1990). Cosmopolitans and Locals in World Culture. Theory, Culture & Society, 7(2-3), 237-251.
  • Hannerz, U. (1992). Cultural Complexity: Studies in the Social Organization of Meaning. Columbia University Press.
  • Held D., ve McGrew, A. (2008). Büyük Küreselleşme Tartışması, (Çev. A. S. Mercan, E. Sarıot). Phoenix Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Hu, L. T., ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff Criteria for Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Huntington, S. P. (1996). The West: Unique, Not Universal. Foreign Affairs, 75(6), 28-46.
  • Hwang, J. K., Kim, E. J., Lee, S. M., & Lee, Y. K (2021). Impact of Susceptibility to Global Consumer Culture on Commitment and Loyalty in Botanic Cosmetic Brands. Sustainability, 13(2), 892.
  • Jaffe, E. D., ve Nebenzahl, I. D. (2006). National Image & Competitive Advantage: The Theory and Practice of Place Branding. 2nd Ed., Copenhagen Business School Press.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2017). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara: Dinamik Akademik.
  • Katz, D. (1960). The Functional Approach to the Study of Attitudes. Public Opinion Quarterly, 24(2), 163-204.
  • Klein, J. G., Ettenson, R., ve Morris, M. D. (1998). The Animosity Model of Foreign Product Purchase: An Empirical Test in the People's Republic of China. Journal of Marketing, 62(1), 89-100.
  • Lee, K. T., Lee, Y. l., ve Lee, R. (2014). Economic Nationalism and Cosmopolitanism: A Study of Interpersonal Antecedents and Differential Outcomes. European Journal of Marketing, 48(5/6), 1133-1158.
  • Lee, T. S., ve Chen, F. F. (2008). Country Image Effect on Taiwanese Consumers' Willingness to Buy from Neighboring Countries. International Journal of Commerce and Retail Management, 18(2), 166-183.
  • Levy, O., Beechler, S., Taylor, S., ve Boyacigiller, N. A. (2007). What We Talk about When We Talk about “Global Mindset”: Managerial Cognition in Multinational Corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(2), 231-258.
  • Meydan, C. H., ve Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Nakip, M. (2013). Pazarlamada Araştırma Teknikleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.
  • Pallant, J. (2011). SPSS Survival Manual. 4th Ed., Australia: Allen & Unwin.
  • Parts, O., ve Vida, I. (2011). The Effects of Consumer Cosmopolitanism on Purchase Behavior of Foreign vs. Domestic Products. Managing Global Transitions, 9(4), 355.
  • Phillips, T., ve Smith, P. (2008). Cosmopolitan Beliefs and Cosmopolitan Practices. Journal of Sociology, 44(4), 391–399.
  • Prince, M., Yaprak, A., Cleveland, M., Davies, M. A., Josiassen, A., Nechtelberger, A., ..., ve Von Wallpach, S. (2020). The Psychology of Consumer Ethnocentrism and Cosmopolitanism: A Five-country Study of Values, Moral Foundations, Gender Identities and Consumer Orientations. International Marketing Review.
  • Ray, N. M., Ryder, M. E., ve Scott, S. V. (1991). Toward an Understanding of the Use of Foreign Words in Print Advertising. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 3(4), 69-97.
  • Rawwas, M. Y., Rajendran, K. N., ve Wuehrer, G. A. (1996). The Influence of Worldmindedness and Nationalism on Consumer Evaluation of Domestic and Foreign Products. International Marketing Review, 13(2), pp. 20-38.
  • Ribeiro, G. L. (2005). What Is Cosmopolitanism?. VIBRANT-Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology, 2(1-2), 19-26.
  • Riefler, P., ve Diamantopoulos, A. (2009). Consumer Cosmopolitanism: Review and Replication of the CYMYC Scale. Journal of Business Research, 62(4), 407-419.
  • Robins, K., ve Morley, D. (2002). Spaces of Identity: Global Media, Electronic Landscapes and Cultural Boundaries. Routledge.
  • Robinson, J. P., ve Zill, N. (1997). Matters of Culture. American Demographics. 19: 48-52.
  • Šapić, S. (2017). The Effects of Cosmopolitanism and Tradition on the Evaluation and Intentions of the Users of Fast Food Restaurants. Ekonomski Horizonti, 19(2), 81-93.
  • Scheibel, S. (2012). Against All Odds: Evidence for the “True” Cosmopolitan Consumer: A Cross-Disciplinary Approach to Investigating the Cosmopolitan Condition. Unpublished Master’s Dissertation, University of London.
  • Seçer, İ. (2015). Psikolojik Test Geliştirme ve Uyarlama Süreci: SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları. Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Sherry Jr, J. F., ve Camargo, E. G. (1987). May Your Life Be Marvelous: English Language Labelling and the Semiotics of Japanese Promotion. Journal of Consumer Research, 14(2), 174-188.
  • Skrbis, Z., Kendall, G., ve Woodward, I. (2004). Locating Cosmopolitanism: Between Humanist Ideal and Grounded Social Category. Theory, Culture & Society, 21(6), 115-136.
  • Sobol, K. (2008). The Global Consumer Culture: An Empirical Study in the Netherlands. PhD Thesis, Concordia University.
  • Sousa, A., Nobre, H., ve Farhangmehr, M. (2018). The Influence of Consumer Cosmopolitanism and Ethnocentrism Tendencies on the Purchase and Visit Intentions Towards a Foreign Country. International Journal of Digital Culture and Electronic Tourism, 2(3), 175-184.
  • Srivastava, A., Gupta, N., ve Rana, N. P. (2021). Influence of consumer cosmopolitanism on purchase intention of foreign vs local brands: a developing country perspective. International Journal of Emerging Markets.
  • Steenkamp, J. B. (2019). Global versus local consumer culture: theory, measurement, and future research directions. Journal of International Marketing, 27(1), pp. 1-19.
  • Strizhakova, Y., Coulter, R. A., ve Price, L. L. (2008). Branded Products as a Passport to Global Citizenship: Perspectives From Developed and Developing Countries. Journal of International Marketing, 16(4), 57-85.
  • Suh, T., ve Kwon, I. W. G. (2002). Globalization and Reluctant Buyers. International Marketing Review, 19(6), 663-680.
  • Terasaki, S., ve Perkins, C. (2017). Characteristics of Cosmopolitan Consumers with a Global Identification: An Exploratory Analysis of Japanese Consumers. International Journal of Marketing & Distribution, 1(1), 1-13.
  • Thompson, C. J., ve Tambyah, S. K. (1999). Trying to Be Cosmopolitan. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(3), pp. 214-241.
  • Tomlinson, J. (1999). Globalization and Culture. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Yaşar, İ.H. (2020). Sosyal Medya ve Siyaset. Ankara: Orion.
  • Yoon, S. J., Cannon H. M., ve Yaprak, A. (1996). Evaluating the CYMYC Cosmopolitanism Scale on Korean Consumers. Advances in International Marketing, 7(1), 211-232.
  • Yoon, S. J. (1998). Dimensionality of the Cosmopolitanism Construct: Cross-Method Validation of the Emic and Etic Interpretations. Asia Pacific Advances in Consumer Research, 3, 81–88.
  • Yue, H. (2008). Susceptibility to Global Consumer Culture: Scale Development and Purchase Behaviour of Shanghai Consumers. Master Thesis, Hong Kong: Lingnan University.
  • Zhang, L., ve Hanks, L. (2018). Online Reviews: The Effect of Cosmopolitanism, Incidental Similarity, and Dispersion on Consumer Attitudes Toward Ethnic Restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 68, 115–123.
  • Zeugner-Roth, K. P., Žabkar, V., ve Diamantopoulos, A. (2015). Consumer Ethnocentrism, National Identity, and Consumer Cosmopolitanism as Drivers of Consumer Behavior: A Social Identity Theory Perspective. Journal of International Marketing, 23(2), 25-54.
  • Walker, C. (1996). Can TV Save the Planet?. American Demographics, 18(5), 42-46.Akaka, M. A., ve Alden, D. L. (2010). Global Brand Positioning and Perceptions: International Advertising and Global Consumer Culture. InternationaL Journal of Advertising, 29(1), 37-56.
Toplam 77 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Berkay Onbeş 0000-0002-1974-681X

Mine Oyman 0000-0001-7655-1376

Yusuf Zafer Can Uğurhan 0000-0003-1264-9002

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 14 Mart 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Mayıs 2020
Kabul Tarihi 27 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 37 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Onbeş, B., Oyman, M., & Uğurhan, Y. Z. C. (2022). Global Tüketici Kültürünün Bir Boyutu Olarak Kozmopolitlik ve Tüketicilerin Kozmopolit Profilleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. İzmir İktisat Dergisi, 37(2), 269-295. https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.742324

İzmir İktisat Dergisi
TR-DİZİN, DOAJ, EBSCO, ERIH PLUS, Index Copernicus, Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory, EconLit, Harvard Hollis, Google Scholar, OAJI, SOBIAD, CiteFactor, OJOP, Araştırmax, WordCat, OpenAIRE, Base, IAD, Academindex
tarafından taranmaktadır.

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Yayınevi Web Sitesi
https://kutuphane.deu.edu.tr/yayinevi/

Dergi İletişim Bilgileri Sayfası
https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ije/contacts


İZMİR İKTİSAT DERGİSİ 2022 yılı 37. cilt 1. sayı ile birlikte sadece elektronik olarak yayınlanmaya başlamıştır.