Okul Dışı Öğrenme Ortamları İhtiyaç Analizi Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 42 - 61, 30.06.2025

Ayşegül Bayrak , Mehmet Gürol

https://doi.org/10.25233/ijlel.1655705

Öz

Bu araştırmada, Okul Dışı Öğrenme Ortamları (ODÖO) dersi için bir ihtiyaç analizi ölçeği geliştirmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada yöntem olarak keşfedici sıralı karma desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel boyutunun çalışma grubunu 34 uzman ve nicel boyutunun çalışma grubunu 255 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın ilk aşamasında “Okul Dışı Öğrenme Ortamları İhtiyaç Analizi Ölçeği”nin maddelerini belirlemek için Delphi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Ardından ikinci aşama olan geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Bunun için sırasıyla; Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO), Barlett Küresellik Testi, Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA), Cronbach’s Alpha, madde toplam korelasyonu, Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) işlemleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) uygulanarak Okul Dışı Öğrenme Ortamları İhtiyaç Analizi Ölçeği (ODÖOİAÖ)’nin son haliyle oluşan 42 maddelik ölçek yapısı incelenmiş ve ölçeğin iki faktörlü bir yapı sergilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ölçeğin tümünün Cronbach’s Alfa değeri .95 olarak hesaplanmış olup birinci alt boyut olan “Öğrenme Çıktıları”nın Cronbach’s Alfa değeri .95 ve ikinci alt boyut olan “Dersin İçeriği”nin .94’tür. İlgili değerler dikkate alındığında ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) ile test edildiğinde, ODÖOİAÖ’nün iki alt faktörden oluşan bir yapıya sahip olduğu sonucu doğrulanmıştır. Bu ölçek, ODÖO dersi için ihtiyaç analizinin gerçekleştirilmesine yönelik değerli bir araç olarak hizmet etmekte, öğretim programlarının planlaması ve öğretim süreçlerinin geliştirilmesi için kanıta dayalı bulgular sunmakta ve eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin okul dışı öğrenme için gerekli bilgi ve becerilere yönelik yeterliliklerini değerlendirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Okul dışı öğrenme , okul dışı öğrenme ortamları dersi , ihtiyaç analizi , ölçek geliştirme , geçerlik ve güvenirlik

Development of the Out-of-School Learning Environments Needs Analysis Scale

Öz

The aim of this study is to develop a needs analysis scale for the Out-of-School Learning Environments (OSLE) course. An exploratory sequential mixed-methods design was used in the study. The qualitative phase of the study involved 34 experts, while the quantitative phase included 255 university students. In the first stage, the Delphi technique was utilized to determine the items of the Out-of-School Learning Environments Needs Analysis Scale. In the second stage, validity and reliability analyses were conducted. Specifically, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) coefficient, Bartlett's Test of Sphericity, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Cronbach's Alpha, item-total correlation, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were performed sequentially. Following Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), the final 42-item scale structure of Out-of-School Learning Environments Needs Analysis Scale (OSLENAS) was examined, revealing a two-factor structure. The Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient for the entire scale was calculated as 0.95, with the first sub-dimension ("Learning Outcomes") yielding 0.95, and the second sub-dimension ("Course Content") yielding 0.94. When these reliability coefficients were further evaluated and tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), it was confirmed that the Out-of-School Learning Environments Needs Analysis Scale has a two-factor structure. The scale serves as a valuable instrument for conducting the needs analysis of the OSLE course, providing evidence-based insights for curriculum planning and instructional improvements and assessing the competencies of education faculty students regarding their knowledge and skills required for out-of-school learning.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Out-of-school learning , out-of-school learning environments course , needs analysis , scale development , validity and reliability.

Kaynakça

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