Okul Müdürlerinin Sürdürülebilir Yönetim Davranışları

Öz

Araştırmanın amacı, devlete ait okullarda görev yapan okul müdürlerinin görüşlerine göre okul müdürlerinin sürdürülebilir yönetim davranışlarının belirlenmesidir. Olgubilim deseniyle yürütülen araştırmada, İstanbul ili Anadolu yakasında devlete ait okullarda görev yapan yirmi beş okul müdürü ile yarı yapılandırılmış sorulardan oluşan görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Okul müdürlerinin sürdürülebilir yönetim ile ilgili anlamlandırmaları çerçevesinde elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak kodlanmış ve bu kodlar, araştırma soruları çerçevesinde çeşitli kategori ve temalar altında bir araya getirilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre okul müdürlerinin sürdürülebilir yönetim davranışlarının; (1) kurumsal işleyişe yönelik davranışlar alt temasında aidiyet duygusu kazandırma, sosyal sorumluluk faaliyetleri yürütme, kurumsal kültür ve kimlik oluşturma davranışlarında yoğunlaştığı, (2) ekonomik verimliliğe yönelik davranışlar alt temasında kaynak tüketiminde önceliklendirme, bütçe dengesini sağlama, var olan kaynakları koruma davranışlarında yoğunlaştığı, (3) çevresel duyarlılığa yönelik davranışlar alt temasında çevre ve doğayı koruma, bilinç oluşturma ve geri dönüşüm uygulamalarını destekleme davranışlarında yoğunlaştığı, (4) koruma hassasiyeti davranışları alt temasında ise örgütte olumlu iklimi ve mirası koruma davranışlarında yoğunlaştığı görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulguların ortaya koyduğu çerçevede okul işleyişinin ve okul yönetim süreçlerinin sürdürülebilir bir yapıda ilerlemesi açısından süreci yöneten okul liderlerinin sürdürülebilir yönetim davranışlarını benimsemeleri önem arz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sürdürülebilirlik
• Sürdürülebilir Yönetim
• Okul Müdürleri
• Sürdürülebilir Yönetim Davranışları
• Okul Liderleri

Sustainable Management Behavior of School Principals

Öz

The aim of the study is to determine the sustainable management behaviors of school principals according to the opinions of school principals working in public schools. In the study conducted with a phenomenology design, interviews consisting of semi-structured questions were conducted with twenty-five school principals working in the Anatolian side of Istanbul. The data obtained within the framework of school principals' interpretation of sustainable management were coded using content analysis technique and these codes were brought together under various categories and themes. According to the findings of the study, the sustainable management behavior of school principals; (1) in the sub-theme of behaviors towards corporate functioning, it focuses on creating a sense of belonging, conducting social responsibility activities, creating corporate culture and identity; (2) in the sub-theme of behaviors towards economic efficiency, it focuses on prioritization in resource consumption, ensuring budget balance, and protecting existing resources; (3) in the sub-theme of behaviors towards environmental awareness, it focuses on environmental and nature protection, raising awareness and supporting recycling practices; (4) in the sub-theme of protection sensitivity behaviors, it was observed that the positive climate and heritage conservation behaviors were concentrated in the organization. Within the framework of the findings revealed, it is important that school leaders who manage the process adopt sustainable management behaviors in order to progress the school functioning and school management processes in a sustainable structure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sustainability
• Sustainable Management
• School Principals
• Sustainable Management Behaviors
• School Leaders

Kaynakça

1. Açıkalın, N., & Kayabaşı, A. (2019). İşletmelerin Sürdürülebilir İnovasyon Faaliyetleri: Pazarlama Bakış Açısıyla Nitel Bir İnceleme. Pazarlama Teorisi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, 5(2), 191-220.
2. Akins, R., Bright, B., Brunson, T., & Wortham, W. (2013). Effective Leadership for Sustainable Development. Journal of Organizational Learning and Leadership, 11(1), 29-36.
3. Anderson, V., Garavan, T., & Sadler-Smith, E. (2014). Corporate social responsibility, sustainability, ethics and international human resource development. Human Resource Development International, 17(5), 497-498. Doi: 10.1080/13678868.2014.954187
4. Argüden, Y. (2016). Sürdürülebilir bir gelecek için yönetim kurullarının sorumlulukları (Online). https://argudenacademy.org/documents/surdurulebilir-bir-gelecek-icin-yonetim-kurullarinin-sorumluluklari.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
5. ARIES (2009). Education for Sustainability: The Role of Education In Engaging and Equipping People for Change. Australia: The Australian Research Institute in Education for Sustainability. Basiago, A. D. (1998). Economic, social and environmental sustainability in development theory and urban planning practice. The Environmentalist, (19), 145–161.
6. Beyhan, Ş. G., & Ünügür, S. M. (2005). Çağdaş Gereksinmeler Bağlamında Sürdürülebilir Turizm ve Kimlik Modeli, İTÜ Dergisi, 4(2), 79-87.
7. Buvaneswari, P. S., Shanthi, R., Kannaiah, D., & Ragavan, N. (2015). Sustainable Management Practices: Trends, Issues and Challenges. India: Glow Plus Publishers.
8. Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research Methods in Education. New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.

9. Cook, J. W. (2014). Sustainable School Leadership: The Teachers’ Perspective. NCPEA International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 9(1), 1-17.
10. Creswell, L. (2013). Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri (Çev. M. Bütün ve S. B. Demir). Ankara: Siyasal Yayın Dağıtım.
11. Cruickshank, E. W., Schneeberger, K., & Smith, N. (2011). A Pocket Guide to Sustainable Development Governance (Second Edition). London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
12. Daly, H. E. (1992). U.N. conferences on environment and development: retrospect on Stockholm and prospects for Rio. Ecological Economics, 5(1), 9–14. Doi: 10.1016/0921-8009(92)90018-N
13. Diesendorf, M. (2000). Sustainability and sustainable development, In D. Dunphy, J. Benveniste, A. Griffiths, & P. Sutton (Edt.) Sustainability: The Corporate Challenge of The 21st Century (pp.19-37), Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
14. Dukes, S. (1984). Phenomenological methodology in the human sciences. Journal of Religion and Health, 23(3), 197–203. Doi: 10.1007/BF00990785
15. Erturgut, R., & Soyşekerci, S. (2009). The problem of sustainability of organizational success in public educational institutions: a research on the education administrators in Turkey. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 2092–2102. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2009.01.368
16. Evers, B. A. P. (2018). Why adopt the Sustainable Development Goals? The case of multinationals in the Colombian coffee and extractive sector. (Master Thesis), Erasmus University Rotterdam, International Public Management and Policy, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
17. Ferreira, M, Alexandre, F, & Miranda, B. (2003). Students’ conceptions and practices about citizenship: a European study. In UNESCO conference on intercultural education, Finland, 15–18 June 2003.
18. Field, P. A., & Morse, J. M. (1989). Nursing Research: The Application of Qualitative Methods. London: Chapman and Hall. Fitzpatrick, L., Verghese, K., & Lewis, H. (2012). Developing the Strategy. In L. Fitzpatrick, K. Verghese & H. Lewis (Eds.). Packaging for Sustainability (pp. 1-40). Springer-Verlag London Limited.
19. George, B., & Sims, P. (2007). True North: Discover Your Authentic Leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
20. Gough, A. (2005). Sustainable schools: Renovating educational processes. Applied Environmental Education and Communication (4), 339–351. Doi: 10.1080/15330150500302205
21. Hadders, H. (2012). Corporate Sustainability Performance from a Resource and Knowledge Perspective. Paper presented at 3rd. International Sustainability Conference. 29-31 August 2012 Basel, Switzerland. file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/Strategies_for_Sustainability_Institutio.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
22. Hakio, K., & Mattelmaki, T. (2019). Future Skills of Design for Sustainability: An Awareness-Based Co-Creation Approach. Sustainability, 11(19), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11195247
23. Hargreaves, A., & Fink, D. (2003). The Seven Principles of Sustainable Leadership. Canada: OISE, International Centre for Educational Change.
24. Hargreaves, A., & Fink, D. (2005). Sustainable Leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
25. Horlings, L. G. (2015). The inner dimension of sustainability: Personal and cultural values. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, (14), 163–169. Doi: 10.1016/j.cosust.2015.06.006
26. Hsieh, H. F., & Shannon, S. E. (2005). Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277–1288. Doi: 10.1177/1049732305276687 International Organization for Standardization [ISO] (2010). ISO 26000 Guidance on social responsibility. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:26000:ed-1:v1:en:sec:6.3 adresinden edinilmiştir.
27. Jackson, L. (2007). Leading sustainable schools: What the research tells us. UK: NCSL (National College for School Leadership). http://www.arcworld.org/downloads/14669_lead_sus_school%20(2).pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
28. Johnson, K., Hays, C., Center, H., & Daley, C. (2004). Building capacity and sustainable prevention innovations: A sustainability planning model. Evaluation and Program Planning, 27(2), 135-149. Doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2004.01.002
29. Johnston, P., Everard, M., Santillo, D. ve Robert, K. H. (2007). Reclaiming the Definition of Sustainability.  Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 14(1), 60-66. Doi: 10.1065/espr2007.01.375
30. Karabıçak, M. ve Özdemir, M. B. (2015). Sürdürülebilir Kalkınmanın Kavramsal Temelleri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi, 6(13), 44-49.
31. Kesen, M. (2016). İşletme Yönetiminde Sürdürülebilir İnsan Kaynakları Yönetiminin Yeri ve Önemi. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(3), 554 -573.
32. Kneipp, J. M., Gomes, C. M., Bichueti, R. S., Frizzo, K., Perlin, A. P., & Gestao, R. (2019). Sustainable innovation practices and their relationship with the performance of industrial companies. Revista de Gestão, 26(2), 94-111. Doi: 10.1108/REGE-01-2018-000
33. Kolk, A. (2016). The social responsibility of international business: From ethics and the environment to CSR and sustainable development. Journal of World Business, 51(1), 23–34. Doi: 10.1016/j.jwb.2015.08.010
34. Kuhlman, T., & Farrington, J. ( 2010). What is Sustainability? Sustainability, 2(11), 3436-3448.Doi: 10.3390/su2113436
35. Kuzel, A. J. (1999). Sampling in qualitative research. In B. F. Crabtree & W. L. Miller (Eds.), Doing qualitative research, (pp. 33–45). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Kvale, S. (1996) Interviews. London: Sage.
36. Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
37. Lune, H., & Berg, B. L. (2017). Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences. London: Pearson Education Limited.
38. Madu, C. N., & Kuei, C. H. (2012). Introduction To Sustainability Management. In Christian N. Madu & Chu-Hua Kuei (Edt.), Handbook of Sustainability Management (pp. 1-22). World Scientific.
39. Martins, A. A., Mata, T. M., & Costa, C. A.V. (2006). Education for sustainability: challenges and trends. Clean Techn Environ Policy, (8), 31–37.Doi: 10.1007/s10098-005-0026-3
40. Meadowcroft, J. (1997). Planning, Democracy and the Challenge of Sustainable Development. International Political Science Review, 18(2),167-189. Doi: 10.1177/019251297018002004
41. Mebratu, D. (1998). Sustainability and sustainable development: historical and conceptual review. Environ Impact Asses, 18(6), 493– 520. Doi: 10.1016/S0195-9255(98)00019-5
42. Mensah, J., & Enu-Kwesi, F. (2018). Implication of environmental sanitation management in the catchment area of Benya Lagoon, Ghana. Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences, 16 (1), 23-43. Doi: 10.1080/1943815X.2018.1554591
43. Merrıam, S. B. (2018). Nitel Araştırma: Desen ve Uygulama İçin Bir Rehber (Çev. S. Turan). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
44. Metcalf, L., & Benn, S. (2013). Leadership for Sustainability: An Evolution of Leadership Ability. Journal of Business Ethics, 112(3), 369–384. Doi: 10.1007/s10551-012-1278-6
45. Michelsen, G., & Fischer, D. (2017). Sustainability and Education. In M. Hauff & C. Kuhnke (Eds.), Sustainable Development Policy. A European Perspective (pp. 135-158). London: Routledge.
46. Miller, P., Gaynor, V., Powell, C., Powell, S., & Simpson, E. (2019). Leadership as Sustainability: Context and Primary School Principals in Jamaica. Journal of School Leadership. 29 (2), 130-149. Doi: 10.1177/1052684619832153
47. Milne, M., & Gray, R. (2013). W(h)ither Ecology? The Triple Bottom Line, the Global Reporting Initiative, and Corporate Sustainability Reporting. Journal of Business Ethics, 118(1),13-29. Doi: 10.1007/s10551-012-1543-8
48. Mitchell, C. (2000). Integrating Sustainability in Chemical Engineering Practice and Education: Concentricity and its Consequences. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 78(4), 237–242. Doi: 10.1205/095758200530754
49. Morse, J. M. (1994). Designing qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.). Handbook of qualitative inquiry (pp. 220-235). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
50. Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Leech, N. L. (2007). A call for qualitative power analyses. Quality and Quantity, (41), 105–121. Doi: 10.1007/s11135-005-1098-1
51. Paul, B. D. (2008). A History Of The Concept Of Sustainable Development: Literature Review. Annals of The University of Oradea, Economic Science Series, 17(2), 576-580.
52. Ratiu, D. E. (2013), Creative Cities and/or Sustainable Cities: Discourses and Practices. City, Culture and Society, 4 (3), 125–135. Doi: 10.1016/j.ccs.2013.04.002
53. Ray, M. A. (1994). The richness of phenomenology: Philosophic, theoretic and methodologic concerns. In J. M. Morse (Eds.), Critical issues in qualitative research methods (pp. 117–133). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
54. SASB (2017). SASB Conceptual Framework. Sustainability Accounting Standards Board. https://www.sasb.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/SASB-Conceptual-Framework. pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
55. Simanskiene, L., & Zuperkiene, E. (2014). Sustainable Leadership: The New Challenge For Organizations. Forum Scientiae Oeconomia, 2(1), 81-93.
56. Swayze, N., Buckler, C., & MacDiarmid, A. (2011). Guide For Sustainable Schools in Manitoba. International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) and Manitoba Education. https://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/esd/pdfs/sustainable_guide.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
57. Thomas, C. F. (2015). Naturalizing Sustainability Discourse: Paradigm, Practices and Pedagogy of Thoreau, Leopold, Carson and Wilson (PhD Thesis). Arizona State University, Arizona, USA.
58. Tjarve, B., & Zemite, I. (2016). The Role of Cultural Activities in Community Development. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 64(6), 2151–2160. Doi: 10.11118/actaun201664062151
59. Todorov, V. I. & Marinova, D. (2009). Models of Sustainability. Presented 18th World IMACS/MODSIM Congress, Cairns-Australia, 13-17 July 2009. file:///C:/Users/pc/Downloads/Models_of_sustainability.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
60. UNDP (2015). Sustainable Development Goals. United Nations Development Programme Report. www.undp.org adresinden edinilmiştir.
61. UNESCO (2012). Education for Sustainable Development: Sourcebook. France: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/926unesco9.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
62. University of Wisconsin (2020). Sustainable Management. https://sustain.wisconsin.edu/sustainability/sustainable-management/ adresinden elde edilmiştir.
63. Williams, A., Philipp, F., Kennedy, F., & Whiteman, G. (2017). Systems Thinking: A Review of Sustainability Management Research, Journal of Cleaner Production,(17), 1-58. Doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.002
64. Wilkinson, A., Hill, M., & Gollan, P. (2001). The sustainability debate. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 21(12), 1492-1502. Doi: 10.1108/01443570110410865
65. Visser, W., & Courtice, P. (2011). Sustainability Leadership: Linking Theory and Practice. SSRN Electronic Journal (October 21, 2011). https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1947221 adresinden edinilmiştir.
66. Yangil, F. M. (2016). Bilgi Toplumunda Liderlik: Sürdürülebilir Liderlik. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (48), 128-143.
67. Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
68. Zhai, T., & Chang, Y. C. (2019). The Contribution of China’s Civil Law to Sustainable Development: Progress and Prospects, Sustainability, 11(1), 2-19. Doi: 10.3390/su11010294