الحكم الراشد في الشريعة اإلسلامية وواقع تطبيقه في فلسطين

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 60, 26 - 35, 31.12.2023

Mohammed Elshobake

https://doi.org/10.5152/ilted.2023.23413

Öz

أصبحت مبادئ ومعايري الحكم الراشد في الاونة الأخيرة تلقى اهتماما متزايدا في أقطار العالم ومنها فلسطين؛ وذلك لدورها الكبير في زايدة الكفاءة والفعالية وتحقيق الشفافية، ومعاجلة المشكلات الإدارية، ومكافحة الفساد المالي والإداري، وحتقيق التنمية، وزيادة الثقة في الجهات التي تطبق مبادئ ومعايير الحوكمة. وباستخدام المنهجين الاستقرائي
والتحليلي، يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة التأصيل الشرعي للحكم الراشد ومبادئه، ودراسة مدى تطبيق تلك المبادئ في دولة فلسطين. وخلص البحث إلى أن الحكم الراشد يتطلب حتقيق الديمقراطية وسيادة القانون والفصل المرن بين السلطات، إضافة إلى وجود إدارة تطبق (الشفافية والمساءلة والعدالة والتوافق والمشاركة والكفاءة والاستجابة والرؤية الاسراتيجية) سواء كانت هذه الإدارة حكومية أو قطاع خاص، ويتطلب كذلك دور فاعل لمنظمات المجتمع المدني. وأن الحكم الراشد في الإسلام احتوى على مجموعة من المبادئ والمعايير لم يرق إليها يوما أي نظام حكم آخر. وأن الانقسام السياسي الفلسطيني أثر سلبا على تطبيق الحكم الراشد يف فلسطين

Anahtar Kelimeler

الشريعة اإلسالمية, فلسطني, الحكم الراشد, الحكم الرشيد, الحوكمة

Good Governance in Islamic Law and the Reality of Its Application in Palestine

Öz

The principles and standards of good governance have recently received increasing attention in countries of the world, including Palestine. This is due to its significant role in increasing efficiency and effectiveness, achieving transparency, addressing administrative problems, combating financial and administrative corruption, achieving development, and increasing confidence in entities that apply the principles and standards of governance. Using the inductive and analytical approaches, this study aims to explore the legal rooting of good governance and its principles and to study the extent to which these principles are applied in the State of Palestine. The study concludes that good governance requires the realization of democracy, the rule of law, and flexible separation of powers, in addition to the existence of an administration that applies transparency, accountability, justice, consensus, participation, efficiency, responsiveness, and strategic vision,
whether this administration is governmental or the private sector, and it also requires an active role for civil society organizations. And that the rightly guided rule in Islam contained a set of principles and standards that no other system of government had ever lived up to. And that the Palestinian political division negatively affected the implementation of good governance in Palestine

Anahtar Kelimeler

Islamic Law, Palestine, Good Governance, Governance

İslam Hukukunda İyi Yönetişim ve Filistin’de Uygulanmasının Gerçeği

Öz

İyi yönetişim ilkeleri ve standartları son zamanlarda Filistin’de dahil olmak üzere dünya ülkelerinde artan bir ilgi görmektedir. Bunun nedeni, verimliliğin ve etkinliğin artırılmasında, şeffaflığın sağlanmasında, idari sorunların ele alınmasında, mali ve idari yolsuzlukla mücadelede, kalkınmanın sağlanmasında ve yönetişim ilke ve standartlarını uygulayan kuruluşlara olan güvenin artırılmasındaki önemli rolünden kaynaklanmaktadır. Tümevarımsal ve analitik yaklaşımları kullanan bu araştırma, iyi yönetişimin ve ilkelerinin yasal köklerini ve bu ilkelerin Filistin Devleti’nde ne ölçüde uygulandığını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, iyi yönetişimin demokrasi, hukukun üstünlüğü ve esnek kuvvetler ayrılığının hayata geçirilmesinin yanı sıra, ister kamu ister özel sektör olsun, şeffaflık, hesap verebilirlik, adalet, uzlaşı, katılımcılık, verimlilik, yanıt verebilirlik ve stratejik vizyonu uygulayan bir yönetimin varlığını ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarının aktif rol almasını gerektirdiği sonucuna varıyor ve İslam’daki doğru yönlendirilmiş yönetim, başka hiçbir hükümet sisteminin uymadığı bir dizi ilke ve standart içeriyordu ve Filistin’deki siyasi bölünme, Filistin’de iyi yönetişimin uygulanmasını olumsuz etkiledi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İslam Hukuku, Filistin, İyi Yönetişim, Yönetişim

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