Peer-Mediated interventions and Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Literature Review

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 1041 - 1062, 31.12.2019

Serhat Odluyurt Esra Orum Çattık

https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.454241

Öz

The purpose of this study is to present current information on research
studies on peer-mediated interventions (PMI) in the teaching of skills in all
developmental areas to individuals from all age groups with autism spectrum
disorders (ASD) and to show if this intervention method is effective.
Systematic searches were conducted in electronic databases including Academic
Search Complete, Google Scholar and ERIC. 
A total of 26 articles assessing the effectiveness of PMI that were
published in internationally refereed journals between 2007-2017 have been
reached. As a result, it has been revealed that PMI methods can be used
effectively in teaching different types of skills to individuals with ASD from
different age groups. The reported outcomes were mostly positive but the
studies are limited because treatment fidelity was only rarely assessed. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Autism Spectrum Disorders, Peer-mediated interventions, Review

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda Akran Aracılı Uygulamalar: Alanyazın Taraması

Öz

Akran aracılı uygulamalar, normal gelişim gösteren çocuklara, aynı yaşta ya
da benzer gelişim düzeyindeki özel gereksinimli akranlarını akademik ya da
sosyal beceriler yönünden desteklemeyi amaçlayan sistemler olarak
tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan bireylere
farklı akran aracılı uygulamaların kullanıldığı araştırmalara ilişkin güncel
bilgi sunmak ve sonuçlara dayalı önerilerde bulunmaktır. Bu amaçla; OSB olan bireyleri
farklı gelişim alanlarında desteklemek üzere kullanılan akran aracılı
uygulamaların etkililiğini değerlendiren ve uluslararası hakemli dergilerde
2007-2017 yılları arasında yayımlanmış toplam 26 makale incelenmiştir.
Araştırmalara ERIC, Akademik Search Complete ve Google Scholar veri
tabanlarında yapılan elektronik taramalar sonucu ulaşılmıştır. Belirlenen
makaleler temel betimsel özellikler, yöntemsel özellikler ve makalelerin amaç
ve sonuç bulguları kategorileri açısından incelenmiştir. Sonuçta, akran aracılı
uygulamaların erken çocukluk döneminden yetişkinliğe geçiş dönemine kadar olan
süreçte OSB olan bireylere çoğunlukla sosyal etkileşim, iletişim, oyun
becerilerin öğretiminde doğal ya da yapılandırılmış öğretim ortamlarında etkili
olarak kullanılabilen,  uygulamalar
olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra akran aracılı uygulamalar kullanılarak
öğretim fırsatlarının daha fazla kullanılabileceği ve öğrenilen becerilerin
genellenme olasılığının arttığı doğal ortamlarda ve büyük grup düzenlemeleriyle
gerçekleştirilen araştırmalara gereksinim olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Akran aracılı uygulamalar, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu, Alanyazın taraması.

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