Türkiye'nin Tarım Makinaları Çeşitliliği ve Tarımsal Mekanizasyon Düzeyine İlişkin Bir Örnek Çalışma

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de tarımsal uygulamalarda kullanılan makine çeşitleri ve tarımsal mekanizasyon düzeyinin özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan tüm veriler Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK), Ulusal Traktör Bayiileri ve Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü'nün yayınladığı veri tabanlarından alınmıştır. Türkiye'de kullanılan traktör sayısı, tarım alet ve makine sayısı, tarım makine çeşitleri incelenmiş ve ekili tarım alanının traktör gücüne oranı (kW/ha), 1000 hektar ekili tarım alanına düşen traktör sayısı (traktör/1000 ha) ve traktör başına düşen ekili tarım alanı gibi göstergeler tarımsal mekanizasyon düzeyini belirlemek için kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, traktör gücü ile traktör yoğunluğu arasındaki bağlantılar incelenmiş ve çiftçilerin tarım makine parkına yıllar itibarıyla giren ve çıkan traktör sayıları dikkate alınmıştır. Türkiye'de tarımsal mekanizasyon düzeyinin bir göstergesi olarak traktör ekonomik ömrü ve park yenileme oranının önemli bir kriter olduğu sonucuna varılmış ve sırasıyla traktör parkı sorunlarına yönelik çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tarımsal Mekanizasyon
• Traktör Parkı
• Tarımsal Mekanizasyon seviyesi
• Tarım Makinaları Çeşitliliği

A Case Study on Agricultural Machinery Variety and Agricultural Mechanisation Level of Türkiye

Öz

In this study, the varieties of machinery used in agricultural applications and the characteristics of the level of agricultural mechanisation in Türkiye were investigated. All data used in the study were taken from Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK), National Tractor distributors and Turkish General Directorate of Security published database. The number of tractors, number of agricultural implements and machinery, variety of agricultural machinery used in Türkiye were examined and indicators such as the ratio of cultivated agricultural area to tractor power (kW/ha), the number of tractors per 1000 hectares of cultivated agricultural area (tractor/1000 ha) and the cultivated agricultural area per tractor were used to determine the level of agricultural mechanisation. In this study, the linkages between tractor power and tractor density were analysed and the number of tractors entering and leaving the farmers' agricultural machinery park over the years were taken into account. It is concluded that tractor economic life and park renewal rate is an important criterion as an indicator of the level of agricultural mechanisation in Türkiye and suggestions for solutions to tractor park problems are given respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Agricultural mechanisation
• Tractor park
• Agricultural mechanisation level
• Variety of agricultural machinery

Kaynakça

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