Stroke ve STEMI Tanılı Genç ve Orta Yaşlı Hastaların COVID-19 ile İlişkisinin Araştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, rutin klinik pratikte giderek artan sayıda inme ve ST-segment yükselmeli miyokard enfarktüsü (STEMI) vakasıyla karşılaştığımız genç bireylerde COVID-19 pandemisi ile inme ve ST-segment yükselmeli miyokard enfarktüsü görülme sıklığındaki artış arasındaki olası ilişkiyi aydınlatmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, 01.01.2024 ile 31.12.2024 tarihleri arasında kliniğimize başvuran ve 50 yaş ve altında olan, ST segment elevasyonlu miyokard enfarktüsü veya inme tanısı almış hastalar üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hastaların özgeçmişlerinde COVID-19 geçirmiş olma durumları retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Dahil edilen hastalardan, Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyon (PCR) testi pozitif olanlar ya da klinik ve radyolojik bulgularla COVID-19 tanısı alarak tedavi görmüş olanlar “özgeçmişinde COVID-19 pozitif” (Grup I) olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bu iki kriterden herhangi birini karşılamayan hastalar ise “özgeçmişinde COVID-19 negatif” (Grup II) olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya, 50 yaş ve altı olup iskemik inme veya ST segment elevasyonlu miyokard enfarktüsü (STEMI) tanısı alan toplam 196 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar, COVID-19 geçirme öyküsüne göre iki gruba ayrıldı: Grup I (COVID-19 pozitif) ve Grup II (COVID-19 negatif). Tanı dağılımı değerlendirildiğinde, gruplar arasında iskemik inme ve STEMI sıklığı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptandı (p=0,026). Özellikle, iskemik inme tanısı alan hastalarda PCR ile doğrulanmış COVID-19 öyküsünün daha yüksek oranda bulunduğu gözlendi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmayla COVID-19 pandemisinin sadece akut zararlarına değil sonrasında inme olasılığını arttırma durumu da göz önüne alınarak uzun dönemdeki etkilerine dikkat edilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVİD-19
• İnme
• STEMİ

Investigation of the Relationship Between Stroke and STEMI in Young and Middle-Aged Patients and COVID-19

Öz

Aim: In this study, we aimed to elucidate the potential relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the increasing occurrence of stroke and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in younger individuals, as we have been encountering a growing number of such cases in routine clinical practice. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on patients aged 50 years or younger who presented to our clinic between January 1, 2024, and December 31, 2024, and were diagnosed with STEMI or stroke. The history of prior COVID-19 infection was evaluated retrospectively. Patients who had a positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test or had been clinically and radiologically diagnosed with COVID-19 and received treatment were classified as having a history of COVID-19 positivity (Group I). Patients who did not meet either of these two criteria were classified as having no history of COVID-19 (Group II). Results: A total of 196 patients aged 50 years or younger who were diagnosed with either infarction STEMI or ischemic stroke were included in the study. Patients were classified into two groups based on their history of COVID-19 infection: Group I (COVID-19 positive) and Group II (COVID-19 negative). The distribution of diagnoses between the two groups revealed a statistically significant difference between the rates of ischemic stroke and STEMI (p=0.026). Specifically, a higher proportion of patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke were found to have a history of PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of considering not only the acute effects of the COVID-19 pandemic but also its potential to increase the risk of stroke in the long term, emphasizing the need for attention to its prolonged impact.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• STEMI
• Stroke

Kaynakça

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