Aydoğan, İ. (2003). Öğretim Ortamında Düşüncenin Gücü. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(1), 200-222
Balcı, A. (2005). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma. Ankara: PegemA Yayıncılık
Baki, A. and Gökçek, T., (2012). Karma Yöntem Araştırmalarına Genel Bir Bakış. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(42), 001-021
Bezuijen, X.M., Ber, P.T., Dam, K. and Thierry, H. (2009). Pygmalion and Employee Learning: The Role of Leader Behaviors. Journal of Management, 35 (5), 1248-1267
Berlew, D.E and Hall, D.T. (1966). The Socialization of Managers: Effects of Expectations on Performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 11(2), 207-223
Bridge, B.(2003). Eğitimde Vizyoner Liderlik ve Etkin Yöneticilik. Beyaz Yayınları.İstanbul
Chang, J. (2011). A Case Study of the “Pygmalion Effect: Teacher Expectations and Student Achievement”. International Education Studies, 4(1), February
Chirayath, S. Lalgem E. M. and George, S.B. (2009). Expectations Come True: A Study of Pygmalion Effect on the Performance of Employees. Management and Labour Studıes. 34 (1), February
Clemente, F. J. (2008). Effects of Teacher Expectations on the Development of Verbal Creativity in Childhood Education. Revista Electrónica Actualidades Investigativas en Educación, 8 (3), 1-14
Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Demirtaş, H. A., (2004). Sosyal Sınıflandırma, Kişilerarası Beklentiler ve Kendini Doğrulayan Kehanet. İletişim Araştırmaları, 2(2), 33-53.
Denzin, N. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods. 2nd edn. New York: McGraw-Hill
Doğan, S., Uğurlu, C.T., Yıldırım, T. ve Karabulut, E. (2013). Okul Yöneticileri ve Öğretmenler Arasındaki İletişim Sürecinin Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre İncelenmesi. Turkish Journal of Education, 3(1), 34-47
Eden, D. (1984). Self-Fulfilling Prophecy as a Management Tool: Harnessing Pygmalion. The Academy of Management Review, 9 (1), 64-73
Eden, D., and Ravid, G. (1982). Pygmalion vs. self-expectancy: Effects of instructorand self-expectancy on trainee performance. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 30(3), 351-364.
Eden, D., and Shani, A. B. (1982). Pygmalion goes to boot camp: Expectance, leadership, and trainee performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(2), 194-199.
Eden, D., Geller, D., Gewirtz, A., Gordon-Terner, R., Inbar, I., Liberman, M., Pass, Y., Salomon-Segev, I. and Shalit, M.,(2000). Implantıng Pygmalıon Leadershıp Style Through Workshop Traınıng: Seven Fıeld Experıments. Leadership Quarterly, 11(2), 171–210.
Feldman, R. S., and Prohaska, T. (1979). The student as Pygmalion: Effect of student expectation on the teacher. Journal of Educational Psychology, 71(4), 485-493.
George, A.S. (1982).Beyond Pygmalion: Developments and Directions in Teacher Expectations. Research South Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 10(2), 41-49
Howe, M.J.A. (1975). Pygmalion and after New research into teachers' expectations. Education 3-13: International Journal of Primary, Elementary and Early Years Education, 3 (1), 46-49
Jenner, H. (1990). The Pygmalion Effect: The Importance of Expectancies. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 7 (2), 127-133
Jick, T. D. (1989). Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods: Triangulation in action. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24 (4), 602-611.
Johnson, R. B., and Onwuegbuzıe, A. J. (2004). Mixed methods research: A research paradigm whose time has come. Educational Research: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Approaches, 33(7), 14-26.
Kashen, D. (2011). Use the Pygmalion Effect to Create a High Performing Team. http://awesomeculture.com/2011/10/03/use-the-pygmalion-effect-to-create-a-high-performing-team/. Downlanded at 02.01.2014
King, S. S. (1971). Self-fulfilling prophecies in training the hard-core supervisors' expectations and the underprivileged worker's performance. Social Science Quarterly, 52(2), 369-378.
Korman, A. K. (1971). Expectancies as determinants of performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 55(3), 218-222.
Kramer, A.B. (2002). The Pygmalion Effect: A Self-fulfilling Prophecy.” Edit 704, November 10
Livingston, S.J. (1969). Pygmalion in Management. Harvard Business Review.
Locke, A.E. and White, S. (200). Problems wıth The Pygmalıon Effect And Some Proposed Solutıons. Leadership Quarterly, 11(3), 389–415.
Loftus, P. (1995). The Pygmalion effect. Industrial and Commercial Training, 27 (4), 17–20
Madran, H.A.D .(2012). Temel Beklenti Etkisi: Kendini Gerçekleştiren Kehanet. İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 29-40
McNatt, D. B. (2000). Ancient Pygmalion joins contemporary management: A metaanalysis of the result. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(2), 314-322.
Merton, R.K. (1948). The self-fulfilling prophecy. Antioch Review, 8(2), 193-210.
Miles, M.B., and Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE. Morahan- Martin
Mitchell, E.S. (1986). Multiple triangulation: A methodology for nursing science. Advances in Nursing Science, 8(3), 18-26
Murphy, A., Campbell, C. and Garavan, T.N. (1999). The Pygmalion effect reconsidered: its implications for education, training and workplace learning. Journal of European Industrial Training, 23(4), 238-250
Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. (2nd ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Prasad, D. (2013). The Central Theme of Education in Shaw’s Pygmalion. The Criterion an International Journal in English, ISSN 0976-8165
Priyabhashini A, and This V.R. (2005). Transformatıonal Leadershıp and Follower's Career Advancement: Role of Pygmalıon Effect. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 40 (4), 482-499
Reynolds, D. (2007) Restraining Golem and Harnessing Pygmalion in the Classroom: A Laboratory Study of Managerial Expectations and Task Design. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 6 (4), 475–483
Rosenthal R. and Jacobson L. (1968). Pygmalion in the classroom: teacher expectation and pupils’ intellectual development. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1968. Pp. 240 .[Harvard Univ., Boston, MA and South San Francisco Unified Sch. District, SanFrancisco, CA]
Rosenthal, R. and SL Jacobson, L. (1966). Teachers' expectancies: Determinates of pupils' IQ gains. Psychological Reports, 19, 115-118.
Rubie-Davies, C., Peterson, E.R., Sibley, C.G. and Rosenthal, R.(2014). A teacher expectation intervention: Modelling the practices of high expectation teachers. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 40, 72-85
Shaw, B. (2004). Pygmalion. Contaıns Ontarıo Currıculum Support Materıal. Study Guıde. Londra
Spitz, H.H. (1999). Beleaguered Pygmalion: A History of the Controversy Over Claims That Teacher Expectancy Raises Intelligence. Intellıgence 27(3), 199-234 Princeton, NJ, USA
Stedry, A. C. and Kay, E. (1966). The effects of goal difficulty on performance. Behavioral Science, 11(6), 459-470.
Tierney, P. and Farmer, S.M. (2004).The Pygmalion Process and Employee Creativity. Journal of Management, 30(3), 413–432
Wang, L.(2000). The Upward Pygmalion Effect in the Organization. Masters Theses & Specialist Projects. Western Kentucky University, Paper 707
Whiteley, P., Sy, T. and Johnson, S.K. (2012). Leaders' Conceptions of Followers: Implications for Naturally Occurring Pygmalion Effects. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(5), 822–834
Yıldırım, A. and Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, (8. Press). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
Zanna, M.P., Sheras, P.L. and Cooper, J. (1975). Pygmalion and galatea: The interactive Effect of Teacher and Student Expectancies, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 11(3), 279-287
The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect
This study aims to discover the pygmalion effect,
which suggests to affect a person's expectations from other people on the
actions of those people, by taking the opinions of primary school teachers. In
order for the study to reach its goal, triangulation technique, which is a
mixed method design, has been used. A likert-type five-point scale made up of
18 items and a semi-structured interview form comprising two open-ended
questions have been used to acquire data. The scale has applied to take the
opinions of teachers working at the schools administered by 25 managers
mastering in a postgraduate program without thesis at the Education Management
Inspection Planning and Economy Department of Fırat University Institute of
Education Sciences. The quantitative and qualitative data acquired have been
analyzed by means of statistical softwares. It has been concluded from the findings acquired from teachers’ views
reveal the reality and accuracy of pygmalion effect in the field of education,
and show that high expectations pave the way for teachers’ motivation, effort,
active working, commitment as well as the growth of their enthusiasm. It is seen that high expectations will
generally reveal high performance, while low expectations, due to their
negative effects on employees, will cause decrease in motivation as well as
unwillingness towards the job being done and therefore, a decline or stability
in performance.
Aydoğan, İ. (2003). Öğretim Ortamında Düşüncenin Gücü. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(1), 200-222
Balcı, A. (2005). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma. Ankara: PegemA Yayıncılık
Baki, A. and Gökçek, T., (2012). Karma Yöntem Araştırmalarına Genel Bir Bakış. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(42), 001-021
Bezuijen, X.M., Ber, P.T., Dam, K. and Thierry, H. (2009). Pygmalion and Employee Learning: The Role of Leader Behaviors. Journal of Management, 35 (5), 1248-1267
Berlew, D.E and Hall, D.T. (1966). The Socialization of Managers: Effects of Expectations on Performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 11(2), 207-223
Bridge, B.(2003). Eğitimde Vizyoner Liderlik ve Etkin Yöneticilik. Beyaz Yayınları.İstanbul
Chang, J. (2011). A Case Study of the “Pygmalion Effect: Teacher Expectations and Student Achievement”. International Education Studies, 4(1), February
Chirayath, S. Lalgem E. M. and George, S.B. (2009). Expectations Come True: A Study of Pygmalion Effect on the Performance of Employees. Management and Labour Studıes. 34 (1), February
Clemente, F. J. (2008). Effects of Teacher Expectations on the Development of Verbal Creativity in Childhood Education. Revista Electrónica Actualidades Investigativas en Educación, 8 (3), 1-14
Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Demirtaş, H. A., (2004). Sosyal Sınıflandırma, Kişilerarası Beklentiler ve Kendini Doğrulayan Kehanet. İletişim Araştırmaları, 2(2), 33-53.
Denzin, N. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods. 2nd edn. New York: McGraw-Hill
Doğan, S., Uğurlu, C.T., Yıldırım, T. ve Karabulut, E. (2013). Okul Yöneticileri ve Öğretmenler Arasındaki İletişim Sürecinin Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre İncelenmesi. Turkish Journal of Education, 3(1), 34-47
Eden, D. (1984). Self-Fulfilling Prophecy as a Management Tool: Harnessing Pygmalion. The Academy of Management Review, 9 (1), 64-73
Eden, D., and Ravid, G. (1982). Pygmalion vs. self-expectancy: Effects of instructorand self-expectancy on trainee performance. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 30(3), 351-364.
Eden, D., and Shani, A. B. (1982). Pygmalion goes to boot camp: Expectance, leadership, and trainee performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(2), 194-199.
Eden, D., Geller, D., Gewirtz, A., Gordon-Terner, R., Inbar, I., Liberman, M., Pass, Y., Salomon-Segev, I. and Shalit, M.,(2000). Implantıng Pygmalıon Leadershıp Style Through Workshop Traınıng: Seven Fıeld Experıments. Leadership Quarterly, 11(2), 171–210.
Feldman, R. S., and Prohaska, T. (1979). The student as Pygmalion: Effect of student expectation on the teacher. Journal of Educational Psychology, 71(4), 485-493.
George, A.S. (1982).Beyond Pygmalion: Developments and Directions in Teacher Expectations. Research South Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 10(2), 41-49
Howe, M.J.A. (1975). Pygmalion and after New research into teachers' expectations. Education 3-13: International Journal of Primary, Elementary and Early Years Education, 3 (1), 46-49
Jenner, H. (1990). The Pygmalion Effect: The Importance of Expectancies. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 7 (2), 127-133
Jick, T. D. (1989). Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods: Triangulation in action. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24 (4), 602-611.
Johnson, R. B., and Onwuegbuzıe, A. J. (2004). Mixed methods research: A research paradigm whose time has come. Educational Research: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Approaches, 33(7), 14-26.
Kashen, D. (2011). Use the Pygmalion Effect to Create a High Performing Team. http://awesomeculture.com/2011/10/03/use-the-pygmalion-effect-to-create-a-high-performing-team/. Downlanded at 02.01.2014
King, S. S. (1971). Self-fulfilling prophecies in training the hard-core supervisors' expectations and the underprivileged worker's performance. Social Science Quarterly, 52(2), 369-378.
Korman, A. K. (1971). Expectancies as determinants of performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 55(3), 218-222.
Kramer, A.B. (2002). The Pygmalion Effect: A Self-fulfilling Prophecy.” Edit 704, November 10
Livingston, S.J. (1969). Pygmalion in Management. Harvard Business Review.
Locke, A.E. and White, S. (200). Problems wıth The Pygmalıon Effect And Some Proposed Solutıons. Leadership Quarterly, 11(3), 389–415.
Loftus, P. (1995). The Pygmalion effect. Industrial and Commercial Training, 27 (4), 17–20
Madran, H.A.D .(2012). Temel Beklenti Etkisi: Kendini Gerçekleştiren Kehanet. İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 29-40
McNatt, D. B. (2000). Ancient Pygmalion joins contemporary management: A metaanalysis of the result. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(2), 314-322.
Merton, R.K. (1948). The self-fulfilling prophecy. Antioch Review, 8(2), 193-210.
Miles, M.B., and Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE. Morahan- Martin
Mitchell, E.S. (1986). Multiple triangulation: A methodology for nursing science. Advances in Nursing Science, 8(3), 18-26
Murphy, A., Campbell, C. and Garavan, T.N. (1999). The Pygmalion effect reconsidered: its implications for education, training and workplace learning. Journal of European Industrial Training, 23(4), 238-250
Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. (2nd ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Prasad, D. (2013). The Central Theme of Education in Shaw’s Pygmalion. The Criterion an International Journal in English, ISSN 0976-8165
Priyabhashini A, and This V.R. (2005). Transformatıonal Leadershıp and Follower's Career Advancement: Role of Pygmalıon Effect. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 40 (4), 482-499
Reynolds, D. (2007) Restraining Golem and Harnessing Pygmalion in the Classroom: A Laboratory Study of Managerial Expectations and Task Design. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 6 (4), 475–483
Rosenthal R. and Jacobson L. (1968). Pygmalion in the classroom: teacher expectation and pupils’ intellectual development. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1968. Pp. 240 .[Harvard Univ., Boston, MA and South San Francisco Unified Sch. District, SanFrancisco, CA]
Rosenthal, R. and SL Jacobson, L. (1966). Teachers' expectancies: Determinates of pupils' IQ gains. Psychological Reports, 19, 115-118.
Rubie-Davies, C., Peterson, E.R., Sibley, C.G. and Rosenthal, R.(2014). A teacher expectation intervention: Modelling the practices of high expectation teachers. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 40, 72-85
Shaw, B. (2004). Pygmalion. Contaıns Ontarıo Currıculum Support Materıal. Study Guıde. Londra
Spitz, H.H. (1999). Beleaguered Pygmalion: A History of the Controversy Over Claims That Teacher Expectancy Raises Intelligence. Intellıgence 27(3), 199-234 Princeton, NJ, USA
Stedry, A. C. and Kay, E. (1966). The effects of goal difficulty on performance. Behavioral Science, 11(6), 459-470.
Tierney, P. and Farmer, S.M. (2004).The Pygmalion Process and Employee Creativity. Journal of Management, 30(3), 413–432
Wang, L.(2000). The Upward Pygmalion Effect in the Organization. Masters Theses & Specialist Projects. Western Kentucky University, Paper 707
Whiteley, P., Sy, T. and Johnson, S.K. (2012). Leaders' Conceptions of Followers: Implications for Naturally Occurring Pygmalion Effects. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(5), 822–834
Yıldırım, A. and Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, (8. Press). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
Zanna, M.P., Sheras, P.L. and Cooper, J. (1975). Pygmalion and galatea: The interactive Effect of Teacher and Student Expectancies, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 11(3), 279-287
Gündüzalp, S., & Boydak Özan, M. (2019). The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect. Journal of Education and Future(15), 47-62. https://doi.org/10.30786/jef.412841
AMA
Gündüzalp S, Boydak Özan M. The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect. JEF. Ocak 2019;(15):47-62. doi:10.30786/jef.412841
Chicago
Gündüzalp, Seda, ve Mukadder Boydak Özan. “The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect”. Journal of Education and Future, sy. 15 (Ocak 2019): 47-62. https://doi.org/10.30786/jef.412841.
EndNote
Gündüzalp S, Boydak Özan M (01 Ocak 2019) The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect. Journal of Education and Future 15 47–62.
IEEE
S. Gündüzalp ve M. Boydak Özan, “The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect”, JEF, sy. 15, ss. 47–62, Ocak 2019, doi: 10.30786/jef.412841.
ISNAD
Gündüzalp, Seda - Boydak Özan, Mukadder. “The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect”. Journal of Education and Future 15 (Ocak 2019), 47-62. https://doi.org/10.30786/jef.412841.
JAMA
Gündüzalp S, Boydak Özan M. The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect. JEF. 2019;:47–62.
MLA
Gündüzalp, Seda ve Mukadder Boydak Özan. “The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect”. Journal of Education and Future, sy. 15, 2019, ss. 47-62, doi:10.30786/jef.412841.
Vancouver
Gündüzalp S, Boydak Özan M. The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect. JEF. 2019(15):47-62.