Zonguldak yer altı maden işçilerinde fiziksel uygunluk ile bel ağrısı özrü ve ayakta durma dengesi ilişkisi

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, Zonguldak’ta özel bir kömür madeni ocağında farklı görevlerde çalışan yer altı maden işçilerinin fiziksel uygunluklarının karşılaştırılması ve işçilerin bel ağrısı özrü ve ayakta durma dengesi ile fiziksel uygunlukları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya, yer altında üç farklı görevde (usta ve yedek kazmacılar, nakliyat işçileri) çalışan 64 maden işçisi dahil edildi. Fiziksel uygunluk değerlendirmesi için; otur ve uzan testi, sırt kaşıma testi, Ito testi, sandalyeye otur kalk testi ve vücut kütle indeksi kullanıldı. Bel ağrısı özrü Oswestry Özürlülük İndeksi, ayakta durma dengesi ise Biodex denge ölçüm cihazı ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Farklı görevlerde çalışan bireylerin fiziksel uygunluk değerleri benzerdi (p>0,05). Tüm bireylerde lumbar ekstansör enduransı ile bel ağrısı özrü arasında negatif yönlü istatistiksel ilişki bulundu (p<0,05, r=-0,334). Dinamik ayakta durma dengesi puanları ile vücut küitle indeksi arasında pozitif yönlü (p<0,05 r=0,279), sağ ve sol sırt kaşıma testi değerleriyle ise negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişki tespit edildi (p<0,05, r=-0,248; p<0,05, r=-0,292). Statik denge puanları ile fiziksel uygunluk değerleri arasında istatistiksel bir ilişki yoktu (p>0,05).

Sonuç: Fiziksel uygunluk değişkenleriyle bel ağrısı özrü ve ayakta durma dengesi arasında ilişki bulunmuş olması, maden işçilerinin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği açısından fiziksel uygunluklarını artırmaları gerektiği sonucunu çıkarmaktadır. Bunun için maden işçilerinde egzersiz ve fizyoterapinin etkin bir şekilde kullanımı hedeflenmelidir. Böylece maden işçilerin sağlığı daha iyi korunabilir, üretim verimliliği artırılabilir ve iş maliyetleri azaltılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kömür madenciliği,Fiziksel uygunluk,Bel ağrısı,Postüral denge,Egzersiz

Relationship between physical fitness, low back pain disability and standing balance in Zonguldak underground coal miners

Öz

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the physical fitness of underground miners who work in different duties underground in a private coal mine, Zonguldak and to investigate the relationship between physical fitness parameters, low back pain and standing balance in coal miners.

Methods: Sixty-four coal miners who work in different duties (master and reserve diggers, transport workers) underground participated in the study. Sit and reach test, back scratch test, Ito test, chair stand test and body mass index were used for physical fitness assessment. Low back pain disability was evaluated with Oswestry Disability Index and standing balance was evaluated with Biodex balance assessment device.

Results: Physical fitness values of individuals who work in different duties were similar (p>0.05). A negative statistical correlation was found between lumbar extensor endurance and low back pain disability in all subjects (p<0.05, r=-0.334). Dynamic standing balance scores correlated positively with the body mass index (p<0.05, r=0.279) and correlated negatively with right and left back scratch test values (p<0.05, r=-0.248; p<0.05, r=-0.292). There was no statistical correlation between static balance scores and physical fitness values (p>0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, because of presenting the relationship between physical fitness parameters, low back pain disability and standing balance, miners need to improve their physical fitness in terms of occupational health and safety. Therefore, effective use of exercise and physiotherapy among mine workers should be aimed. Thus, miner’s health could be protected better, production efficiency could be increased and work costs could be decreased.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Coal mining,Physical fitness,Low back pain,Postural balance,Exercise

Kaynakça

1. 1. Elibüyük M, Güler Y. Türkiye Taş Kömürü Kurumu’nun Zonguldak ili ekonomisine etkisi. ZfWT. 2015;7:137-159.
2. 2. Baltacı G, Fiziksel uygunluk. In: Karaduman AA, Tunca Yılmaz Ö, eds. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon (vol. 2). Ankara: Pelikan Yayıncılık; 2016:159-174.
3. 3. Kyrölainen H, Santtila M, Nindl BC et al. Physical fitness profiles of young men: Associations between physical fitness, obesity and health. Sport Med. 2010;40:907-920.
4. 4. Erikssen G. Physical fitness and changes in mortality: the survival of the fittest. Sport Med. 2001;31:571–576.
5. 5. Faff J. Physical activity, physical fitness, and longevity. Biol Sport. 2004;21:3–24.
6. 6. Deuster PA, Silverman MN. Physical fitness: a pathway to health and resilience. US Army Med Dep J. 2013;(October):24.
7. 7. Silverman MN, Deuster PA. Biological mechanisms underlying the role of physical fitness in health and resilience. Interface Focus. 2014;4(5):20140040.
8. 8. Stewart M, Latimer J, Jamieson M. Back extensor muscle endurance test scores in coal miners in Australia. J Occup Rehabil. 2003;13:79-89.

9. 9. Tekin Y, Ortancil O, Ankarali H, et al. Biering-Sorensen test scores in coal miners. Jt Bone Spine. 2009;76(3):281-285.
10. 10. Torma-Krajewski J, Steiner L, Lewis P, et al. Implementation of an ergonomics process at a US surface coal mine. Int J Ind Ergon. 2007;37:157-167.
11. 11. Wickström G. Effect of work on degenerative back disease. A review. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1978;4:1-12.
12. 12. Gallagher S. Reducing low back pain and disability in mining. Pittsburg, PA: DHHS Publication; 2008:15-24.
13. 13. Icagasioglu A, Yumusakhuylu Y, Ketenci A, et al. Burden of chronic low back pain in the Turkish population. Türkiye Fiz Tıp ve Rehabil Derg. 2015;61:58-64.
14. 14. McPhee B. Ergonomics in mining. Occup Med. 2004;54:297-303.
15. 15. Dey NC, Samanta A, Saha R. The pulse rate and energy expenditure profile of underground coal miners in India. Mining Technology. 2004;113:137-141.
16. 16. Allison LK, Fuller K. Chapter 22: Balance and vestibular dysfunction. In: Burton G, Roller M, eds. Umphred’s Neurological Rehabilitation (6th edition). St. Louis: Mosby; 2013:653-709.
17. 17. Mayorga-Vega D, Merino-Marban R, Viciana J. Criterion-related validity of sit-and-reach tests for estimating hamstring and lumbar extensibility: a meta-analysis. J Sports Sci Med. 2014;13:1-14.
18. 18. Otman AS, Köse N. Tedavi Hareketlerinde Temel Değerlendirme Prensipleri (4th ed). Ankara: Yücel Ofset Matbaacılık; 2008:11-32, 36-42.
19. 19. Ito T, Shirado O, Suzuki H, et al. Lumbar trunk muscle endurance testing: An inexpensive alternative to a machine for evaluation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996;77:75-79.
20. 20. Rikli RE, Jones CJ. Development and Validation of a Functional Fitness Test for Community- Residing Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act. 1999;7:129-161.
21. 21. Schmitz R, Arnold B. Intertester and intratester reliability of a dynamic balance protocol using the Biodex Stability System. J Sport Rehabil. 1998;7:95-101.
22. 22. Yakut E, Düger T, Öksüz Ç, et al. Validation of the Turkish version of the Oswestry Disability Index for patients with low back pain. Spine. 2004;29:581-585.
23. 23. Fairbank J, Davies J, Couper J, et al. The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Physiotherapy. 1980;66:271-274.
24. 24. Hue O, Simoneau M, Marcotte J, et al. Body weight is a strong predictor of postural stability. Gait Posture. 2007;26:32-38.
25. 25. Menegoni F, Galli M, Tacchini E, et al. Genderspecific effect of obesity on balance. Obesity. 2009;17:1951-1956.
26. 26. Meng H, O’Connor DP, Lee BC, et al. Effects of adiposity on postural control and cognition. Gait Posture. 2016;43:31-37.
27. 27. Simoneau M, Teasdale N. Balance control impairment in obese individuals is caused by larger balance motor commands variability. Gait Posture. 2015;41:203-208.
28. 28. Corbeil P, Simoneau M. Increased risk for falling associated with obesity: mathematical modeling of postural control. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2001;9:126-136.
29. 29. Wu X, Madigan ML. Impaired plantar sensitivity among the obese is associated with increased postural sway. Neurosci Lett. 2014;583:9-54.
30. 30. Cheng KB, Wang KM, Kuo SY. Role of arm motion in feet-in-place balance recovery. J Biomech. 2015;48(12):3155-3162.
31. 31. Cheng KB, Huang YC, Kuo SY. Effect of arm swing on single-step balance recovery. Hum Mov Sci. 2014;38:173-184.
32. 32. Phillips JG, Ogeil RP, Rogers D. Strength, flexibility, and balance characteristics of highly proficient golfers. J Strength Cond Res. 2007;21:1166-1171.