Ksiloz ve Gliserol Ortamlarında Çeşitli Mayaların Lipit Üretim Kapasitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Biyodizel, fosil yakıtlara alternatif ve çevre dostu bir yakıt olarak dikkatleri üzerine çekmektedir. Biyodizelin, mikrobiyal yağlardan sürdürülebilir ve düşük maliyetli karbon kaynaklarının kullanılması ile daha ekonomik olarak üretilebileceği düşünülmektedir. Atık veya yan ürün olarak sıklıkla karşımıza çıkan gliserol ve ksiloz mikrobiyal lipitlerin düşük maliyetli üretimi için uygun karbon kaynakları arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yedi farklı maya türünden (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Clavispora lusitaniae, Pichia fermentans, P. cactophila, Yarrowia lipolytica) oluşan 12 maya izolatının tek karbon kaynağı olarak ksiloz veya gliserolü kullanma ve kimyasal olarak tanımlanmış bir ortamda lipit biriktirme yetenekleri karakterize edilmiştir. İzolatların tamamının test edilen üretim ortamlarında lipit üretme yeteneğine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak izolatlardan Y. lipolytica (%81.34) ve P. fermentans 1 (%79.11) ksiloz içeren fermentasyon ortamında, P. fermentans 2 (%98.90) ve Y. lipolytica (%94.62) ise gliserol içeren fermentasyon ortamında en yüksek lipit miktarı elde edilen türlerdir. Her iki üretim ortamında da lipit miktarında en yüksek sonuçlar Y. lipolytica izolatı ile elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, tüm izolatların gliserol ve ksiloz üzerinde büyüme kabiliyetine sahip olduğunu ve özellikle Y. lipolytica'nın ikinci nesil biyodizel üretimi için kullanım potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Maya
• lipit
• ksiloz
• gliserol
• fermantasyon
• biyodizel

Determination of Lipid Production Capacities of Various Yeasts in Xylose and Glycerol Media

Öz

Biodiesel attracts attention as an alternative and environmentally friendly fuel to fossil fuels. It is thought that biodiesel can be produced more economically by using sustainable and low-cost carbon sources from microbial oils. Glycerol and xylose, which are frequently encountered as waste materials or by-products, are suitable carbon sources for the low-cost production of microbial lipids. 12 yeast isolates from seven yeast species (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Clavispora lusitaniae, Pichia fermentans, P. cactophila, Yarrowia lipolytica) were characterized for their ability to use xylose or glycerol as the sole carbon source and to accumulate lipid in a chemically defined medium. All of the isolates were found to be capable of producing lipids in the production mediums tested. However, Y. lipolytica (81.34%) and P. fermentans 1 (79.11%) of the isolates are the species with the highest lipid content in fermentation medium containing xylose, and P. fermentans 2 (98.90%) and Y. lipolytica (94.62%) in fermentation medium containing glycerol. obtained species. In both production media, the highest results in lipid content were obtained with Y. lipolytica isolate. The results showed that all isolates have the ability to grow on glycerol and xylose, and especially Y. lipolytica has the potential to be used for second generation biodiesel production.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yeast
• lipid
• xylose
• glycerol
• fermentation
• biodiesel

Kaynakça

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