The Usage of Ghrelin and Leptin Hormones in Livestock

Öz

Ghrelin plays important role on the regulation of feeding in livestock by stimulating the releasing of growth hormone as both of in vitro and in vivo, which is the latest discoreved as an anabolic hormone by Japanese scientists in 1999. The hormone increases appetite, fat accumulation and gluconeogenesis. In addition, it has an important task in feeding behavior in animals. Scienti c studies related to ghrelin on the activity of growth hormone are available in sheep, goats, cattle and chickens. Leptin is an hormone structed from protein and plays important roles on controlling of feed intake, regulation of energy homeostasis and fat deposisition, and also adaptation for the nutrition, which was discovered in 1994. Leptin shows a natural characteristic upon regulation of appetite, deposition and expenditure of energy, and reproductive-immune systems by ensuring the adaptation of animals against malnutrition. It was reported that body weight is balanced by leptin. Regulation of the synthesis and secretion of leptin varies in direct proportion to the amount of adipocytes. Leptin level is effective on nutrition, and physiological and endocrine factors. Signi cant works in recent years in the elds of livestock have been proposed that the effects of leptin are well worth considering. Ghrelin and leptin act in organisms with feedback, and body weight is controlled with this way. Both hormones levels are set in the organism depends on several factors. Hormones levels may vary in opposite directions with each other. The intent of this presentation is to give information about the use of hormones ghrelin and leptin in livestock, as well as a possible future animal husbandry practices. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ghrelin,hormone,leptin,livestock

Hayvancılıkta Grelin ve Leptin Hormonlarının Kullanımı

Öz

En son bulunan anabolik hormon olan grelin, Japon bilim adamları tarafından 1999 yılında keşfedilmiştir. Grelin, evcil hayvanlarda büyüme hormonu salınımını hem in vitro hem de in vivo ortamda uyararak beslenmenin düzenlenmesinde rol oynamaktadır. İştah, yağ birikimi ve glukoneogenezisi artırıcı etkisiyle birlikte, hayvanlarda beslenme davranışlarında; koyun, keçi, sığır ve tavuklarda büyüme hormonu aktivitesi ile ilgili önemli bir görevi bulunmaktadır. İlk kez 1994 yılında bulunan protein yapılı bir hormon olan leptin; hayvanlarda yem tüketiminin kontrolünde, enerji homeostazisinin ve yağ depolarını düzenlemesinde ve hayvanların beslenme adaptasyonunda önemli rolü olan bir hormondur. Leptin hayvanların yetersiz beslenmeye karşı adaptasyonunda etkili olarak, iştahın düzenlenmesi yanında enerjinin depolanması ve kullanılması ile üreme ve bağışıklık sistemi için gerekli bir protein niteliği göstermektedir. Vücut ağırlığı dengesi, leptin aracılığı ile sağlanmaktadır. Leptin sentezinin düzenlenmesi adiposit miktarı ile doğru orantılı olarak değişmektedir. Ruminantlarda leptin düzeyi beslenme ve zyolojik endokrin faktörler üzerine de etkili olmaktadır. Son yıllarda çiftlik hayvanlarında yapılan önemli çalışmalar leptinin dikkate değer etkilerinin olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Grelin ve leptin, feed-back mekanizma ile organizmada görev yapar ve vücut ağırlığını da bu yolla kontrol altında tutar. Her iki hormonun düzeyleri organizmadaki birçok faktöre bağlı olarak düzenlenir. Hormonların seviyeleri ise birbirleri ile zıt yönlü olarak değişebilmektedir. Sonuç olarak bu derlemede, çiftlik hayvanlarında grelin ve leptin hormonlarının kullanımına yönelik çalışmalarla ilgili bilgilendirme yapılarak, gelecekteki hayvancılık uygulamaları ile yapılacak çalışmalar için bilgiler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çiftlik hayvanları,grelin,hormon,leptin

Kaynakça

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