Araştırma Makalesi
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The Investigation of Physiological, Anatomical and Cytogenetic Effects of Protective Substance Paraben in Allium cepa L.

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 65 - 71, 30.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.427890

Öz

In this study, toxicity induced by Allium cepa L. test material of Methyl Paraben which is included in

many products, especially cosmetic and cleaning products which we use frequently in our daily life, was investigated

by using physiological, cytogenetic and anatomical parameters. Physiological parameters; germination percentage,

root length and weight gain, cytogenetic parameters; by determining the micronucleus frequency, chromosomal

abnormalities and mitotic index, anatomical parameters were investigated by microscopic examination of the

sections taken from the root tips. A. cepa L. seeds were divided into four (4) groups, one (1) control and three

(3) applications, for 72 hours, the seeds in the control group were treated with tap water and the seeds in the

treatment group were treated with doses of 100, 250 and 500 mM of Methyl Paraben. At the end of the period,

root tips were subjected to routine preparations, stained and made ready for microscopic examinations. Eventually,

there was a statistically significant decrease (p<0.05) in the germination percentage, root length, weight gain and

mitotic index values of the Paraben application, although there was a statistically significant an increase (p<0.05)

in the micronucleus and chromosomal abnormality numbers. In addition, Paraben administration has resulted in

anatomical changes in the root cells of the flattened cell nucleus, necrosis, thickening of the cell walls of the cortex,

nonspecific vascular tissue, cell deformation, and accumulation of certain substances in the cortex cells. As a result,

it has been shown that Paraben shows toxic effect at a certain dose level and A. cepa L. test material is a useful

biological indicator in determining its effect

Kaynakça

  • Acar A, Çavuşoğlu K, Türkmen Z, Çavuşoğlu K, Yalçın E, 2015. The Investigation of Genotoxic, Physiological and Anatomical Effects of Paraquat Herbicide on Allium cepa L. Cytologia 80 (3): 343–351.
  • Andersen FA, 2008. Final Amended Report on the Safety Assessment of Methylparaben, Ethylparaben, Propylparaben, Isopropylparaben, Butylparaben, Isobutylparaben, and Benzylparaben As Used In Cosmetic Products. International Journal of Toxicology, 18 (2): 5–7.
  • Atik M, Karagüzel O, Ersoy S, 2007. Sıcaklığın Dalbergia sissoo Tohumlarının Çimlenme Özelliklerine Etkisi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20 (2): 203–210.
  • Çavuşoğlu K, Yalçın E, Türkmen Z, Yapar K, Sağır S, 2012. Physiological, Anatomical, Biochemical and Cytogenetic Effects of Thiamethoxam Treatment on Allium cepa (Amaryllidaceae) L. Environmental Toxicology, 27 (11): 635–643.
  • De Campos Ventura-Camargo B, Marin-Morales M.A, Desk S, 2016. Micronuclei and Chromosome Aberrations Derived from the Action of Atrazine Herbicide In Allium cepa Meristematic Cells. SDRP Journal of Earth Sciences & Environmental Studies, 1 (1): 1–7.
  • Demirtaş G, Çavuşoğlu K, Yalçın E, 2015. Anatomic, Physiologic and Cytogenetic Changes in Allium cepa L. Induced by Diniconazole. Cytologia, 80 (1): 51–57.
  • Fenech M, Chang WP, Kirsch-Volders M, Holland N, Bonassi S, Zeiger E, 2003. HUMN Project: Detailed Description of The Scoring Criteria for the Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay Using Isolated Human Lymphocyte Cultures. Mutation Research, 534 (1): 65–75.
  • Gupta S, Meena MKR, Datta S, 2016. Effect of Selected Heavy Metals (Lead and Zinc) on Seedling Growth of Soybean Glycine max (L.) MERR. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8 (8): 302–330.
  • Herrero O, Martín JP, Freire PF, López LC, Peropadre A, Hazen MJ, 2012. Toxicological Evaluation of Three Contaminants of Emerging Concern by Use of the Allium cepa Test. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 743 (1): 20–24.
  • Johnsson S, Lind ML, Boman A, Liden C, 2011. Preservatives and Fragrances In Selected Consumer-available Cosmetics and Detergents. Contact Dermatitis, 64 (5): 265–272.
  • Kang KS, Che JH, Ryu DY, Kim TW, Li GX, Lee YS, 2002. Decreased Sperm Number and Motile Activity on the F1 Offspring Maternally Exposed to Butyl P-Hydroxybenzoic Acid (Butyl Paraben). Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 64 (3): 227–235.
  • Kirchhof MG, de Gannes GC, 2013. The Health Controversies of Parabens. Skin Therapy Letter, 18 (2): 5–7.
  • Nefic H, Musanovic J, Metovic A, Kurteshi K, 2013. Chromosomal and Nuclear Alterations In Root Tip Cells of Allium cepa L. Induced by Alprazolam. Medical Archives, 67 (6): 388.
  • Slobodkin LB, 1967. Toward A Predictive Theory of Evolution. In Lewontin, RC. (Ed.) Population Biology and Evolution, 187-205 p. Proceedings International Symposium, Syracuse University and NYS Science and Technology Foundation. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, New York.
  • Song BL, Li HY, Peng DR, 1989. In Vitro Spermicidal Activity of Parabens Against Human Spermatozoa. Contraception, 39 (3): 331–3355.
  • Staykova TA, Ivanova EN, Velcheva IG, 2005. Cytogenetic Effect of Heavy Metal and Cyanide In Contamined Waters from the Region of Southwest Bulgaria. Journal of Cell and Molecular Biology, 4: 41–46.
  • Wei QX, 2004. Mutagenic Effects of Chromium Trioxide on Root Tip Cells of Vicia faba. Journal of Zhejiang University Science, 5: 1570–1576.
  • Witorsch RJ, Thomas JA, 2010. Personal Care Products and Endocrine Disruption: A Critical Review of The Literature. Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 40 (3): 1–30.
  • Yücel, 2006. Canlılar ve Çevre. http://docplayer.biz.tr/4935493-Canlilar-ve-cevre-unite-amaclar-icindekiler-yazar-doc-dr-ersin-yucel.html. (Erişim tarihi: 26 Ekim, 2017).

Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 65 - 71, 30.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.427890

Öz

Bu çalışmada, günlük yaşamımızda sıkça kullandığımız kozmetik ve temizlik ürünleri başta olmak üzere,
pek çok ürünün bileşiminde yer alan Metil Paraben’in Allium cepa L. test materyalinde teşvik ettiği toksisite fizyolojik,
sitogenetik ve anatomik parametreler kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Fizyolojik parametreler; çimlenme yüzdesi,
kök uzunluğu ve ağırlık artışının ölçülmesiyle, sitogenetik parametreler; mikronukleus sıklığı, kromozomal
anormallikler ve mitotik indeks değerlerinin tespitiyle, anatomik parametreler ise kök uçlarından alınan kesitlerin
mikroskopta incelenmesiyle araştırılmıştır. A. cepa L. tohumları bir (1) kontrol ve üç (3) uygulama olmak üzere
toplam dört (4) gruba ayrılmış, 72 saat süresince, kontrol grubundaki tohumlar çeşme suyu, uygulama grubundaki
tohumlar ise Metil Parabenin 100, 250 ve 500 mM dozları ile muamele edilmişlerdir. Süre sonunda kök uçları rutin
preparasyon işlemlerine tabi tutulmuş, boyanmış ve mikroskobik incelemeler için hazır hale getirilmiştir. Sonuçta,
paraben uygulamasının doza bağlı olarak çimlenme yüzdesi, kök uzunluğu, ağırlık artışı ve mitotik indeks değerlerinde
istatistiksel olarak önemli (p<0.05) bir azalmaya, mikronukleus ve kromozomal anormallik sayılarında ise
önemli (p<0.05) bir artışa neden olduğu gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, paraben uygulaması kök ucu hücrelerinde yassılaşmış
hücre çekirdeği, nekroz, korteks hücre çeperlerinde kalınlaşma, belirgin olmayan iletim doku, hücre deformasyonu
ve korteks hücrelerinde bazı maddelerin birikimi şeklinde anatomik değişimlere neden olmuştur. Sonuç olarak,
paraben’in belirli bir doz seviyesinde toksik etki gösterdiği, A. cepa L. test materyalinin ise söz konusu etkinin
belirlenmesinde oldukça kullanışlı bir biyolojik indikatör olduğu gösterilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Acar A, Çavuşoğlu K, Türkmen Z, Çavuşoğlu K, Yalçın E, 2015. The Investigation of Genotoxic, Physiological and Anatomical Effects of Paraquat Herbicide on Allium cepa L. Cytologia 80 (3): 343–351.
  • Andersen FA, 2008. Final Amended Report on the Safety Assessment of Methylparaben, Ethylparaben, Propylparaben, Isopropylparaben, Butylparaben, Isobutylparaben, and Benzylparaben As Used In Cosmetic Products. International Journal of Toxicology, 18 (2): 5–7.
  • Atik M, Karagüzel O, Ersoy S, 2007. Sıcaklığın Dalbergia sissoo Tohumlarının Çimlenme Özelliklerine Etkisi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20 (2): 203–210.
  • Çavuşoğlu K, Yalçın E, Türkmen Z, Yapar K, Sağır S, 2012. Physiological, Anatomical, Biochemical and Cytogenetic Effects of Thiamethoxam Treatment on Allium cepa (Amaryllidaceae) L. Environmental Toxicology, 27 (11): 635–643.
  • De Campos Ventura-Camargo B, Marin-Morales M.A, Desk S, 2016. Micronuclei and Chromosome Aberrations Derived from the Action of Atrazine Herbicide In Allium cepa Meristematic Cells. SDRP Journal of Earth Sciences & Environmental Studies, 1 (1): 1–7.
  • Demirtaş G, Çavuşoğlu K, Yalçın E, 2015. Anatomic, Physiologic and Cytogenetic Changes in Allium cepa L. Induced by Diniconazole. Cytologia, 80 (1): 51–57.
  • Fenech M, Chang WP, Kirsch-Volders M, Holland N, Bonassi S, Zeiger E, 2003. HUMN Project: Detailed Description of The Scoring Criteria for the Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay Using Isolated Human Lymphocyte Cultures. Mutation Research, 534 (1): 65–75.
  • Gupta S, Meena MKR, Datta S, 2016. Effect of Selected Heavy Metals (Lead and Zinc) on Seedling Growth of Soybean Glycine max (L.) MERR. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8 (8): 302–330.
  • Herrero O, Martín JP, Freire PF, López LC, Peropadre A, Hazen MJ, 2012. Toxicological Evaluation of Three Contaminants of Emerging Concern by Use of the Allium cepa Test. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 743 (1): 20–24.
  • Johnsson S, Lind ML, Boman A, Liden C, 2011. Preservatives and Fragrances In Selected Consumer-available Cosmetics and Detergents. Contact Dermatitis, 64 (5): 265–272.
  • Kang KS, Che JH, Ryu DY, Kim TW, Li GX, Lee YS, 2002. Decreased Sperm Number and Motile Activity on the F1 Offspring Maternally Exposed to Butyl P-Hydroxybenzoic Acid (Butyl Paraben). Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 64 (3): 227–235.
  • Kirchhof MG, de Gannes GC, 2013. The Health Controversies of Parabens. Skin Therapy Letter, 18 (2): 5–7.
  • Nefic H, Musanovic J, Metovic A, Kurteshi K, 2013. Chromosomal and Nuclear Alterations In Root Tip Cells of Allium cepa L. Induced by Alprazolam. Medical Archives, 67 (6): 388.
  • Slobodkin LB, 1967. Toward A Predictive Theory of Evolution. In Lewontin, RC. (Ed.) Population Biology and Evolution, 187-205 p. Proceedings International Symposium, Syracuse University and NYS Science and Technology Foundation. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, New York.
  • Song BL, Li HY, Peng DR, 1989. In Vitro Spermicidal Activity of Parabens Against Human Spermatozoa. Contraception, 39 (3): 331–3355.
  • Staykova TA, Ivanova EN, Velcheva IG, 2005. Cytogenetic Effect of Heavy Metal and Cyanide In Contamined Waters from the Region of Southwest Bulgaria. Journal of Cell and Molecular Biology, 4: 41–46.
  • Wei QX, 2004. Mutagenic Effects of Chromium Trioxide on Root Tip Cells of Vicia faba. Journal of Zhejiang University Science, 5: 1570–1576.
  • Witorsch RJ, Thomas JA, 2010. Personal Care Products and Endocrine Disruption: A Critical Review of The Literature. Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 40 (3): 1–30.
  • Yücel, 2006. Canlılar ve Çevre. http://docplayer.biz.tr/4935493-Canlilar-ve-cevre-unite-amaclar-icindekiler-yazar-doc-dr-ersin-yucel.html. (Erişim tarihi: 26 Ekim, 2017).
Toplam 19 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm Biyoloji / Biology
Yazarlar

Deniz Kurt Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-5901-398X

Kültiğin Çavuşoğlu 0000-0002-4767-9132

Emine Yalçın Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-5280-5375

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Kasım 2017
Kabul Tarihi 11 Ocak 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kurt, D., Çavuşoğlu, K., & Yalçın, E. (2018). Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 8(2), 65-71. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.427890
AMA Kurt D, Çavuşoğlu K, Yalçın E. Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. Haziran 2018;8(2):65-71. doi:10.21597/jist.427890
Chicago Kurt, Deniz, Kültiğin Çavuşoğlu, ve Emine Yalçın. “Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium Cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik Ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 8, sy. 2 (Haziran 2018): 65-71. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.427890.
EndNote Kurt D, Çavuşoğlu K, Yalçın E (01 Haziran 2018) Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 8 2 65–71.
IEEE D. Kurt, K. Çavuşoğlu, ve E. Yalçın, “Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması”, Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der., c. 8, sy. 2, ss. 65–71, 2018, doi: 10.21597/jist.427890.
ISNAD Kurt, Deniz vd. “Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium Cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik Ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 8/2 (Haziran 2018), 65-71. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.427890.
JAMA Kurt D, Çavuşoğlu K, Yalçın E. Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2018;8:65–71.
MLA Kurt, Deniz vd. “Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium Cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik Ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, c. 8, sy. 2, 2018, ss. 65-71, doi:10.21597/jist.427890.
Vancouver Kurt D, Çavuşoğlu K, Yalçın E. Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2018;8(2):65-71.