Bazı Çörek Otu Tohumlarında Fungal Floranın Tespiti

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: özel sayı, 3476 - 3481, 30.12.2021

Merve Nur Ertas Oz , Emine Burcu Turgay , Çiğdem Bozdemir , Sibel Bülbül

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1028429

Öz

Çörek otu (Nigella sativa L.), Ranunculaceae familyasına bağlı tek yıllık tıbbi ve aromatik bir bitkidir.
İçerdiği çeşitli faydalı yağlardan ötürü sağlık sektöründe kullanılan çörek otunun Türkiye’de ki ekim alanları ise
gitgide artış göstermektedir. 2012 yılında çörek otu 2.299 da arazide 161 ton üretime sahip iken, 2019 yılı
verilerine göre 37.085 da alana yükselmiş olup toplam üretim ise 3.603 tona çıkmıştır. Ülkemizde ise tescil almış
tek bir çörek otu çeşidi (Çameli) bulunmakta olup, çörek otu ile ilgili çeşitli ıslah çalışmaları yürütülmektedir. Bu
çalışma da ise Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsüne bağlı İkizce Araştırma Çiftliği, Haymana’da çörek
otu ıslah materyallerinden elde edilen çörek otu tohumlarındaki fungal çeşitliliğin tespiti yapılmıştır. 2200 tohum
ISTA kurallarına göre (blotter ve deep freeze blotter metodu ile) muamele edilerek 6 farklı fungus cinsi elde
edilmiştir ve toplamda 772 tohumda bu funguslar tespit edilmiştir. Bu hastalıklı tohumların 432’si Alternaria sp.
(%55.96) , 184’ü Ulocladium sp. (%23.84), 82’si Penicillium sp. (%10.62), 37’si Cladosporium sp. (%4.8), 12’si
Fusarium spp. (%1.55), 8’i Rhizopus sp. (%1.04) ve 17’si ise steril fungus (%2.20) olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çörekotu, Nigella sativa L., Tohum mikrobiyomu, Fungal çeşitlilik, Fungal populasyon, Mikoflora

Destekleyen Kurum

Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü

Determination of Fungal Flora in Some Black Cumin Seeds

Öz

Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) is an annual medicinal and aromatic plant belonging to the
Ranunculaceae family. The cultivation areas of black cumin, which is used in the health sector due to the various
beneficial oils it contains, are gradually increasing in Turkey. While black cumin had a production of 161 tons
on 2,299 da land in 2012, it increased to 37,085 da area according to 2019 data, and the total production increased
to 3,603 tons. In our country, there is only one registered black cumin variety (Çameli), and various breeding
studies are carried out on black cumin . In this study, the fungal diversity in black cumin seeds obtained from
black cumin breeding materials in İkizce Research Farm, Haymana, affiliated to the Field Crops Central Research
Institute was determined. 6 different fungi were obtained by treating 2200 seeds according to ISTA rules (blotter
and deep freeze blotter method) and 772 diseased seeds were obtained. Of the diseased seeds, 432were Alternaria
sp. (55.96%), 184 of them were Ulocladium sp. (23.84%), 82 of them Penicillium sp. (10.62%), 37 of them were
Cladosporium sp. (4.8%), 12 of which were Fusarium sp. (1.55%), 8 of them were Rhizopus sp. (1.04%) and 17
(2.20%) were detected as sterile fungi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Black cumin, Nigella sativa L., Seed microbiome, Fungal diversity, Fungal population, Mycflora

Kaynakça

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