Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 474 - 488, 29.03.2020
Nihan Yılmaz
Didem Koban Koç
Kaynakça
-
Aarts, J. (1991). “Intitution-based and Observation-based grammars”, in Aijmer et al. (Eds.), English Corpus Linguistics (pp. 44-62). London: Longman.
-
Aksar, M. (2010). Formulaic sequences in English TV series. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Uludağ University.
-
Anğ, F. (2006). Effectiveness of corpus consultation through concordancing on the formulaic academic language use of freshman ELT students. Unpublished M.A thesis, Boğaziçi University.
-
Bardovi-Harlig, K., Mossman, S., & Vellenga, H. E. (2015). “Developing corpus-based materials to teach pragmatic routines”, TESOL Journal, 6(3), 499-526.
-
Biber, D., Johansson, S., Leech, G., Conrad, S. ve Finegan, E. (1999). “Longman grammar of spoken and written English”, London: Longman.
-
Boers, F., Eyckmans, J., Kappel, H., Stengers, H., & Demecheleer, M. (2006). “Formulaic sequences and perceived oral proficiency: putting a Lexical Approach to the test”, Language Teaching Research, (10)3, 245–261.
-
Chen, Y., & Baker, P. (2010). “Lexical bundles in L1 and L2 academic writing”, Language Learning & Technology, 14(2), 30-49.
-
Cheng, H., & Dӧrnyei, Z. (2007). “The use of motivational strategies in language instruction: the case of EFL teaching in Taiwan”, Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 153–174.
-
Conklin, K., & Schmitt, N. (2008). “Formulaic sequences: Are they processed more quickly than nonformulaic language by native and nonnative speakers?”, Applied Linguistics, 29(1), 72-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ applin/amm022.
-
Dörnyei, Z. (1998). “Motivational factors in the second language attainment: A review of research in Hungary”, Acta Linguistica Hungraia. 44, 261-275.
-
Erman, B., & Warren, B. (2000). “The idiom principle and the open choice principle”, Text, 20(1), 29-62.
-
Félix-Brasdefer, J. C., & Hasler-Barker, M. (2015). “Complimenting in Spanish in a short-term study abroad context”, System, 48, 75-85.
-
Fox, G. (1998). “Using corpus data in the classroom”, in B. Tomlinson (Ed.), Materials development in language teaching (pp. 25–43). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
-
Gürsoy, E. (2008). The noticing of formulaic sequences by Turkish learners of English. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Çukurova University.
-
Horwitz, E. K., M. Tallon & H. Luo (2009). “Foreign language anxiety”, in J. C. Cassady (ed.), Anxiety in schools: The causes, consequences, and solutions for academic anxieties. New York: Peter Lang.
-
Jones, M., & Haywood, S. (2004). “Facilitating the acquisition of formulaic sequences: An exploratory study”, in N. Schmitt (Ed.), Formulaic sequences (pp. 269–300). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: John Benjamins.
-
Gómez-Burgos, E. (2015). “First year university students’ use of formulaic sequences in oral and written descriptions”, PROFILE Issues in Teachers’ Professional Development, 17(1), 25-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/profile.v17n1.43438.
-
Kasper, G., & Rose, K. (2002). “Pragmatic development in a second language”. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
-
Kızı, J. A. (2009). The role of formulaic sequences in speaking fluency in intermediate English as a foreign language classes. Unpublished M.A thesis, Gazi University.
-
Kilgarriff, A. (2014). “Corpora in English language teaching”. Retrieved from https://www.britishcouncil.org/voices-magazine/corpora-english-language-teaching on January 11, 2018.
-
Koban-Koç, D. & Koç, S. E. (2017). “On the Role of Media Input in the Learning of Formulaic Sequences by EFL Learners”.TESL Canada Journal (Special Issue), 34(3), 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v34i3.1275.
-
Leech, G.(1983). Principles of pragmatics. Longman: London/New York.
-
Leech, G. (1991). “The state of the art in corpus linguistics”, in Aijmer K. and Altenberg B. (eds.) English Corpus Linguistics: Studies in Honour of Jan Svartvik, pp 8-29. London: Longman.
-
MacIntyre, P. D. (2007). “Willingness to communicate in the second language: understanding the decision to speak as a volitional process”, The Modern Language Journal, 91, 564-576.
-
Martinez, R., & Schmitt, N. (2012). “A phrasal expression list”, Applied Linguistics, 33(3), 299-320.
-
McDonough, S. (2007). “Motivation in ELT”. ELT Journal, 61(4), 369-371.
-
McEnery, T.; Xiao, R., &Tono, Y. (2006). Corpus-Based Language Studies. An Advanced Resource Book (Routledge Applied Linguistics). London, New York: Routledge.
-
Müjdeci, Ş. (2014). The effects of focused instruction on the receptive and productive knowledge of formulaic sequences. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Gazi University.
-
Ohlrogge, A. (2009). “Formulaic expressions in intermediate EFL writing assessment”, in R. Corrigan, E. A. Moravcsik, H. Ouali, and K. M. Wheatley (Eds.).Formulaic Language Volume 2: Acquisition, Loss, Psychological Reality, and Functional Explanations. John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp. 375–86.
-
Oxford, R. L., & Shearin, J. (1996). “Language learning motivation in a new key”, in Pawley, A., & Syder, F.H. (1983). Two puzzles for linguistic theory: Nativelike selection and nativelike fluency. In J.C. Richards & R.W. Schmidt (Eds.), Language and communication (pp. 191–226). New York: Longman.
-
Pemberton, C. (2018). Analysis and Evaluation of Three ESL Coursebooks. Unpublished master’s
thesis. University of Birmingham, UK.
-
Richards, J. C. (2001). Curriculum development in language teaching. New York: Cambridge University Press.
-
Robinson, P., & Ellis, N. C. (2008). “An introduction to cognitive linguistics, second language acquisition, and language instruction”, in P. Robinson, & N. C. Ellis (Eds.). Handbook of cognitive linguistics and second language acquisition. New York: Routledge.
-
Schmitt, N., & Carter, R. (2004). “Formulaic sequences in action”, in N. Schmitt, & Ronald C. (Eds.), Formulaic Sequences: Acquisition, Processing, and Use. John Benjamins Publishing.
-
Schmitt, N., Dörnyei, Z., Adolphs, S., and Durow, V. (2004). “Knowledge and acquisition of formulaic sequences: A longitudinal study”, in N. Schmitt (Ed.), Formulaic Sequences Acquisition, Processing and Use (pp. 55-86). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
-
Sinclair, J. (1991). Corpus Collocation Concordance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-
Sinclair, J. (2004). How to use corpora in language teaching. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Skehan, P. (1998). A cognitive approach to language teaching. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
-
Stipek, D.J. (2002). Motivation to learn: Integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
-
Teubert, W. (2005). “My version of corpus linguistics”. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 10(1), 1–13.
-
Tognini-Bonelli, E. (2001). Corpus Linguistics at Work. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
-
Wei, L., & Ying, H. (2011). “On the role of formulaic sequences in second language acquisition”, US-China Foreign Language, 9(11), 708-713.
-
Wenden, A. (1998). Learner Strategies for Learner Autonomy. Great Britain: Prentice Hall.
-
Wood, D. (2006). “Uses and Functions of Formulaic Sequences in Second Language Speech: An Exploration of the Foundations of Fluency”. Canadian Modern Language Review, 63(1), 13-33.
-
Wray, A. (2000). “Formulaic sequences in second language teaching: Principle and practice”. Applied Linguistics, 21, 463-489.
Developing pragmatic comprehension and production: corpus-based teaching of formulaic sequences in an EFL setting
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 474 - 488, 29.03.2020
Nihan Yılmaz
Didem Koban Koç
Öz
The present study aims to explore the effects of corpus-based teaching on English language learners’ pragmatic comprehension and production of 19 formulaic sequences (FS), categorized under agreements, disagreements, self-clarifications and other-clarifications. The study had a quasi-experimental research design with a pre-test, immediate post-test and delayed post-test. A total of 35 students participated in the study and were divided into two groups. The experimental group (N=19) received corpus-based teaching whereas the control group (N=16) was exposed to traditional instruction and did not receive treatment at all. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and immediate post-test and between immediate post-test and delayed post-test regarding the production of the targeted items for the experimental group. The findings indicate the effectiveness of corpus-based teaching in oral production, and the need for learners to engage with the real language data, corpus data, to improve their pragmatic competences.
Kaynakça
-
Aarts, J. (1991). “Intitution-based and Observation-based grammars”, in Aijmer et al. (Eds.), English Corpus Linguistics (pp. 44-62). London: Longman.
-
Aksar, M. (2010). Formulaic sequences in English TV series. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Uludağ University.
-
Anğ, F. (2006). Effectiveness of corpus consultation through concordancing on the formulaic academic language use of freshman ELT students. Unpublished M.A thesis, Boğaziçi University.
-
Bardovi-Harlig, K., Mossman, S., & Vellenga, H. E. (2015). “Developing corpus-based materials to teach pragmatic routines”, TESOL Journal, 6(3), 499-526.
-
Biber, D., Johansson, S., Leech, G., Conrad, S. ve Finegan, E. (1999). “Longman grammar of spoken and written English”, London: Longman.
-
Boers, F., Eyckmans, J., Kappel, H., Stengers, H., & Demecheleer, M. (2006). “Formulaic sequences and perceived oral proficiency: putting a Lexical Approach to the test”, Language Teaching Research, (10)3, 245–261.
-
Chen, Y., & Baker, P. (2010). “Lexical bundles in L1 and L2 academic writing”, Language Learning & Technology, 14(2), 30-49.
-
Cheng, H., & Dӧrnyei, Z. (2007). “The use of motivational strategies in language instruction: the case of EFL teaching in Taiwan”, Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 153–174.
-
Conklin, K., & Schmitt, N. (2008). “Formulaic sequences: Are they processed more quickly than nonformulaic language by native and nonnative speakers?”, Applied Linguistics, 29(1), 72-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ applin/amm022.
-
Dörnyei, Z. (1998). “Motivational factors in the second language attainment: A review of research in Hungary”, Acta Linguistica Hungraia. 44, 261-275.
-
Erman, B., & Warren, B. (2000). “The idiom principle and the open choice principle”, Text, 20(1), 29-62.
-
Félix-Brasdefer, J. C., & Hasler-Barker, M. (2015). “Complimenting in Spanish in a short-term study abroad context”, System, 48, 75-85.
-
Fox, G. (1998). “Using corpus data in the classroom”, in B. Tomlinson (Ed.), Materials development in language teaching (pp. 25–43). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
-
Gürsoy, E. (2008). The noticing of formulaic sequences by Turkish learners of English. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Çukurova University.
-
Horwitz, E. K., M. Tallon & H. Luo (2009). “Foreign language anxiety”, in J. C. Cassady (ed.), Anxiety in schools: The causes, consequences, and solutions for academic anxieties. New York: Peter Lang.
-
Jones, M., & Haywood, S. (2004). “Facilitating the acquisition of formulaic sequences: An exploratory study”, in N. Schmitt (Ed.), Formulaic sequences (pp. 269–300). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: John Benjamins.
-
Gómez-Burgos, E. (2015). “First year university students’ use of formulaic sequences in oral and written descriptions”, PROFILE Issues in Teachers’ Professional Development, 17(1), 25-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/profile.v17n1.43438.
-
Kasper, G., & Rose, K. (2002). “Pragmatic development in a second language”. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
-
Kızı, J. A. (2009). The role of formulaic sequences in speaking fluency in intermediate English as a foreign language classes. Unpublished M.A thesis, Gazi University.
-
Kilgarriff, A. (2014). “Corpora in English language teaching”. Retrieved from https://www.britishcouncil.org/voices-magazine/corpora-english-language-teaching on January 11, 2018.
-
Koban-Koç, D. & Koç, S. E. (2017). “On the Role of Media Input in the Learning of Formulaic Sequences by EFL Learners”.TESL Canada Journal (Special Issue), 34(3), 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v34i3.1275.
-
Leech, G.(1983). Principles of pragmatics. Longman: London/New York.
-
Leech, G. (1991). “The state of the art in corpus linguistics”, in Aijmer K. and Altenberg B. (eds.) English Corpus Linguistics: Studies in Honour of Jan Svartvik, pp 8-29. London: Longman.
-
MacIntyre, P. D. (2007). “Willingness to communicate in the second language: understanding the decision to speak as a volitional process”, The Modern Language Journal, 91, 564-576.
-
Martinez, R., & Schmitt, N. (2012). “A phrasal expression list”, Applied Linguistics, 33(3), 299-320.
-
McDonough, S. (2007). “Motivation in ELT”. ELT Journal, 61(4), 369-371.
-
McEnery, T.; Xiao, R., &Tono, Y. (2006). Corpus-Based Language Studies. An Advanced Resource Book (Routledge Applied Linguistics). London, New York: Routledge.
-
Müjdeci, Ş. (2014). The effects of focused instruction on the receptive and productive knowledge of formulaic sequences. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Gazi University.
-
Ohlrogge, A. (2009). “Formulaic expressions in intermediate EFL writing assessment”, in R. Corrigan, E. A. Moravcsik, H. Ouali, and K. M. Wheatley (Eds.).Formulaic Language Volume 2: Acquisition, Loss, Psychological Reality, and Functional Explanations. John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp. 375–86.
-
Oxford, R. L., & Shearin, J. (1996). “Language learning motivation in a new key”, in Pawley, A., & Syder, F.H. (1983). Two puzzles for linguistic theory: Nativelike selection and nativelike fluency. In J.C. Richards & R.W. Schmidt (Eds.), Language and communication (pp. 191–226). New York: Longman.
-
Pemberton, C. (2018). Analysis and Evaluation of Three ESL Coursebooks. Unpublished master’s
thesis. University of Birmingham, UK.
-
Richards, J. C. (2001). Curriculum development in language teaching. New York: Cambridge University Press.
-
Robinson, P., & Ellis, N. C. (2008). “An introduction to cognitive linguistics, second language acquisition, and language instruction”, in P. Robinson, & N. C. Ellis (Eds.). Handbook of cognitive linguistics and second language acquisition. New York: Routledge.
-
Schmitt, N., & Carter, R. (2004). “Formulaic sequences in action”, in N. Schmitt, & Ronald C. (Eds.), Formulaic Sequences: Acquisition, Processing, and Use. John Benjamins Publishing.
-
Schmitt, N., Dörnyei, Z., Adolphs, S., and Durow, V. (2004). “Knowledge and acquisition of formulaic sequences: A longitudinal study”, in N. Schmitt (Ed.), Formulaic Sequences Acquisition, Processing and Use (pp. 55-86). Amsterdam: Benjamins.
-
Sinclair, J. (1991). Corpus Collocation Concordance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-
Sinclair, J. (2004). How to use corpora in language teaching. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Skehan, P. (1998). A cognitive approach to language teaching. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
-
Stipek, D.J. (2002). Motivation to learn: Integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
-
Teubert, W. (2005). “My version of corpus linguistics”. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 10(1), 1–13.
-
Tognini-Bonelli, E. (2001). Corpus Linguistics at Work. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
-
Wei, L., & Ying, H. (2011). “On the role of formulaic sequences in second language acquisition”, US-China Foreign Language, 9(11), 708-713.
-
Wenden, A. (1998). Learner Strategies for Learner Autonomy. Great Britain: Prentice Hall.
-
Wood, D. (2006). “Uses and Functions of Formulaic Sequences in Second Language Speech: An Exploration of the Foundations of Fluency”. Canadian Modern Language Review, 63(1), 13-33.
-
Wray, A. (2000). “Formulaic sequences in second language teaching: Principle and practice”. Applied Linguistics, 21, 463-489.