Araştırma Makalesi

Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages

Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1 26 Ocak 2022
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Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages

Öz

The current study aimed to determine the nutritional quality and aerobic stability of sorghum, maize, and their mixture silages without any additives. Sorghum and maize were harvested at dough stage from a local farm in Tekirdağ. Fresh plant materials were chopped to a length of 2-3 cm and packed into polythene bags, and vacuumed. A total of 12 vacuum-packed silos (4 replications in each treatment) were prepared with sorghum (S), maize (M), and a mixture of sorghum-maize (SM) forage (w:w, 50:50 according to dry matter) and stored at room temperature for 60 days. The chemical and microbiological composition of silages with the rate of aerobic deterioration upon aerobic exposure were evaluated. Based on the pH and ammonia nitrogen concentration, all silages could be classified as good quality. The water-soluble carbohydrate level of the SM group increased due to mixing S and M forages, leading to improved lactic acid content. The NDF and ADF values of silages varied between 520.52-588.32 and 234.98-309.01 g kg-1, and the differences between silages were significant (P<0.01). The Hemicellulose/Cellulose ratio of S, M, and SM silages were found 0.94, 1.49, and 1.18, respectively. The lactobacilli and yeast content of silages were significant and varied between 5.18-7.41 and 5.18-7.29 log cfu g-1, and the highest and lowest values were observed in SM and S silages, respectively (P<0.01). No visible mold was detected in all silages after 5 days of aerobic exposure (P>0.05). The pH, CO2, and yeast numbers were varied in groups between 4.88-6.74, 55.71-119.33 g kg-1, and 8.40-9.01 log cfu g-1. It was concluded that it is possible to improve the nutritional and fermentation characteristics of sorghum and maize silage by ensiling their mixture. However, it is highly recommended that silage additives should be used to guarantee and strengthen the fermentation and aerobic stability of silage mostly made by a mixture of these two energetic forage crops.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Alhaag, H., Yuan, X., Mala, A., Bai, J., Shao, T. (2019). Fermentation characteristics of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus species isolated from sweet sorghum silage and their application as silage inoculants. Applied Sciences (Switzerland) 9(6):1247.
  2. Anonymous. (1986). The analysis of agricultural material. Reference Book. P. 427-428, London, United Kingdom
  3. AOAC. (1990). Official Methods of Analysis. 15th Edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Washington DC
  4. Ashbell, G. Z.G. Weinberg. A. Azrieli. Y. Hen. and B. Horev. (1991). A simple system to study the aerobic deterioration of silages. Canadian Agricultural Engineering 33. 391-393.
  5. Başkavak, S., Özdüven, M.L., Polat, C., Koç, F. (2008). The effects of lactic acid bacteria+ enzyme mixture silage inoculant on wheat silage. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 5(3):291-296.
  6. Büyüktosun, N., Tan, F. ( 2015).Farklı özelliklerdeki Polietilen Malzemelerin paket silajlarda kullanımı ve yem kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 12(3):62-67.
  7. Carvalho, W.G., Costa, K.A.D.P., Epifanio, P.S., Perim, R.C., Teixeira, D.A.A., Medeiros, L.T. (2016). Silage quality of corn and sorghum added with forage peanuts. Revista Caatinga 29 (2): 465–472
  8. Chen, J., Stokes, M.R., Wallace, C.R. (1994). Effects of enzyme-inoculant systems on preservation and nutritive value of hay, crop and corn silages. Journal of Dairy Science 77: 501-512

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

-

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

26 Ocak 2022

Gönderilme Tarihi

2 Mart 2021

Kabul Tarihi

16 Haziran 2021

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2022 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Esen, S., Okuyucu, B., Koc, F., & Özdüven, L. (2022). Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1), 61-69. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.889657
AMA
1.Esen S, Okuyucu B, Koc F, Özdüven L. Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages. JOTAF. 2022;19(1):61-69. doi:10.33462/jotaf.889657
Chicago
Esen, Selim, Berrin Okuyucu, Fisun Koc, ve Levent Özdüven. 2022. “Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19 (1): 61-69. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.889657.
EndNote
Esen S, Okuyucu B, Koc F, Özdüven L (01 Ocak 2022) Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19 1 61–69.
IEEE
[1]S. Esen, B. Okuyucu, F. Koc, ve L. Özdüven, “Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages”, JOTAF, c. 19, sy 1, ss. 61–69, Oca. 2022, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.889657.
ISNAD
Esen, Selim - Okuyucu, Berrin - Koc, Fisun - Özdüven, Levent. “Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19/1 (01 Ocak 2022): 61-69. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.889657.
JAMA
1.Esen S, Okuyucu B, Koc F, Özdüven L. Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages. JOTAF. 2022;19:61–69.
MLA
Esen, Selim, vd. “Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 19, sy 1, Ocak 2022, ss. 61-69, doi:10.33462/jotaf.889657.
Vancouver
1.Selim Esen, Berrin Okuyucu, Fisun Koc, Levent Özdüven. Determination of Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Sorghum, Maize, and Sorghum-Maize Mixture Silages. JOTAF. 01 Ocak 2022;19(1):61-9. doi:10.33462/jotaf.889657

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