Fen Eğitimi ve Otantik Öğrenme

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı fen eğitiminde otantikliğin nasıl tanımlanarak kavramsallaştırıldığı ve kullanıldığını kısacası fen eğitimi bağlamında tam olarak neyi ifade ettiğini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla alanyazın incelemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan sistematik alanyazın incelemesi sonucunda otantikliğin sağlanmasına ilişkin farklı ilke, model ve bileşenler yer almakta ve bunların birçok ortak noktası bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca otantikliğin olumlu etkisini gösteren çalışmalar yer almaktadır. Fen eğitimine özgü otantikliğin nasıl sağlanabileceğine ilişkin ise üzerinde uzlaşılan tek bir tanım ve kullanımın yer almadığı, aksine bu konuda dokuz farklı görüşün yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Bunlar; gerçek bilim insanlarının yaptıklarına yakınlık, öğrenci soruları ve ilgisiyle şekillenen program, sorgulama temelli yaklaşımın farklı bir türü, okul dışı uygulamalara katkıda bulunma, fenle ilgili bilgi ve becerilerin gerçek yaşama transferi, profesyonel olmayan kişilerin fenni nasıl kullandığı, derste yapılanlar ile programın ne derece uyumlu olduğu, etkili öğrenci öğretmen iletişimi ve ilişkisi ve son olarak da geleneksel ölçme ve değerlendirme yöntemlerinin alternatifi daha geçerli ölçme ve değerlendirme yöntemleri şeklindedir. Bu sonuçlar okul dışı uygulamalara değinmekten, bilim insanlarının yaptıklarına ve öğrenci ilgisine kadar büyük çeşitlilik-değişkenlik göstermekte olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak tüm bu tanım ve kullanımları kapsayıcı fen eğitimine özgü standart bir çerçeve veya model ihtiyacı olduğu söylenebilir. Bu sebeple fen eğitiminde otantikliğin nasıl olacağına ilişkin daha birçok araştırmanın ve tartışmanın yapılması gerekliliği önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• fen eğitimi
• otantik öğrenme
• kavram
• ilke
• modeller

AUTHENTİC LEARNİNG IN SCIENCE CLASSES

Öz

This study is aimed to reveal how authenticity is defined, conceptualized and used namely what exactly it means in the context of science education. As a result of the systematic literature review, there are different principles, models, and components related to ensuring authenticity, and they have many common points. There are also studies showing the positive effect of authenticity. As for how authenticity can be achieved in science education, it has been determined that there is no single agreed definition and usage. On the contrary, there are nine different views on this subject. There are also studies showing the positive effect of authenticity. As for how authenticity can be achieved in science education, it has been determined that there is no single agreed definition and usage. On the contrary, there are nine different views on this subject. These are; the program is shaped by closeness to what real scientists do, student questions and interest, a different type of inquiry-based approach, contributing to extracurricular practices, transfer of science-related knowledge and skills to real life, how non-professionals use science, how compatible the curriculum is with what is done in the course, effective student-teacher communication and relationship, and finally, more valid measurement and evaluation methods, which are alternatives to traditional measurement and evaluation methods. The results show that it varies widely, from addressing extracurricular practices to what scientists do and student interest. As a result, it can be said that there is a need for a standard framework or model specific to science education that covers all these definitions and uses. For this reason, it is suggested that more research and discussion should be done about how authenticity will be in science education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• science education
• authentic learning
• concept
• principle
• models

Kaynakça

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