The removal of foodborne pathogen biofilms with the treatment of ultrasound and/or organic acid

Yıl 2022, , 905 - 915, 15.12.2022

Emel Ünal Turhan , Süleyman Polat

https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1173998

Öz

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ultrasound and/or organic acids against Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes biofilms on microplates. In the inactivation trials, pathogen biofilms formed on microplates were exposed to 2% organic acid (acetic, citric, malic and lactic acid) and/or ultrasound for 10, 30 and 60 minutes. Biofilm detachment effect of treatment with US and/or organic acid was tested by microplate method based on measuring of optical density. In this study, the removal of foodborne pathogen biofilms varied depending on the treatment method (single or combined), the treatment time and the type of organic acid (P<0.05). The combined treatment with organic acid and ultrasound created additional biofilm detachment. 60 min ultrasound treatment with organic acids caused the highest removal of E. coli (77%) and L. monocytogenes (70%) biofilms. Lactic acid and malic acid among organic acids were the most effective against both of pathogen biofilms on microplates. With the increasing treatment time, the greater biofilm detachment was observed on microplates. The combination treatment of organic acid and ultrasound ensured safe and more effective decontamination against pathogen biofilms on microplates according to single treatment. These findings indicate that ultrasound treatment combined with organic acids can successfully be applied as an environmentally friendly biofilm detachment technique in food industry.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biofilm, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Organic acid, Ultrasound

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

118O731

Teşekkür

This research was supported by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, Project Number: 118O731) and Research Council of Osmaniye Korkut Ata University (Project Number: OKÜBAP-2019-PT2-002).

Ultrason ve/veya organik asit muamelesiyle gıda kaynaklı patojen biyofilmlerin uzaklaştırılması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, mikroplaklardaki Escherichia coli ve Listeria monocytogenes biyofilmlerine karşı ultrason ve/veya organik asitlerin etkisini araştırmaktır. İnaktivasyon denemelerinde, mikroplaklarda oluşturulan patojen biyofilmler 10, 30 ve 60 dakika boyunca %2 oranında organik asit (asetik asit, sitrik asit, malik asit ve laktik asit) ve/veya ultrasona maruz bırakılmıştır. Ultrason ve/veya organik asitle muamelenin biyofilm ayırma etkisi optik yoğunluk ölçümüne dayalı mikroplak yöntemiyle test edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, gıda kaynaklı biyofilmlerin uzaklaştırılması muamele yöntemine (tek veya kombine), muamele süresine ve organik asit türüne bağlı olarak değişmiştir (P<0.05). Organik asit ve ultrason ile kombine muamele daha fazla biyofilm ayrılması yaratmıştır. 60 dakika organik asitli ultrason muamelesi en yüksek E. coli (%77) ve L. monocytogenes (%70) uzaklaştırmasına neden olmuştur. Organik asitler arasında laktik asit ve malik asit, mikroplaklar üzerindeki patojen biyofilmlerin her ikisine karşı da en etkilidir. Artan muamele süresiyle mikroplaklar üzerinde daha çok biyofilm ayrılması gözlenmiştir. Organik asit ve ultrason kombinasyon muamelesi, tekli muameleye göre mikroplaklardaki patojen biyofilmlere karşı daha güvenli ve etkili dekontaminasyon sağlamıştır. Bu bulgular organik asitlerle kombine edilen ultrason muamelesinin gıda endüstrisinde çevre dostu bir biyofilm ayırma tekniği olarak başarılı bir şekilde uygulanabileceğini gösterir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyofilm, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Organik asit, Ultrason

Proje Numarası

118O731

Kaynakça

• Alenyorege, E. A., Ma, H., Ayim, I., Lu, F. and Zhou, C. (2019). Efficacy of sweep ultrasound on natural microbiota reduction and quality preservation of Chinese cabbage during storage. Ultrason Sonochemisty, 59, 1-10.
• Amrutha, B., Sundar, K. and Shetty, P. H. (2017). Effect of organic acids on biofilm formation and quorum signaling of pathogens from fresh fruits and vegetables. Microbial Pathogenesis, 111, 156-162.
• Aryal, M. and Muriana P. M. (2019). Efficacy of commercial sanitizers used in food processing facilities for inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7, and Salmonella biofilms. Foods, 8, 1-14.
• Ban, G. H., Park, S. H., Kim, S. O., Ryu, S. and Kang, D. H. (2012). Synergistic effect of steam and lactic acid against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes biofilms on polyvinyl chloride and stainless steel. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 157, 218-223.
• Bang, H. J., Park, S. Y., Kim, S. E., Rahaman, M. M. F. and Ha, S. D. (2017). Synergistic effects of combined ultrasound and peroxy acetic acid treatments against Cronobacter sakazakii biofilms on fresh cucumber. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 84, 91-98.
• Bilek, S. E. and Turantaş, F. (2013). Decontamination efficiency of high power ultrasound in the fruit and vegetable industry, a review. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 166, 155-162.
• Borges, A., Saavedra, M. J. and Simoes, M. (2012). The activity of ferulic and gallic acids in biofilm prevention and control of pathogenic bacteria. Biofouling, 28, 755–767.
• Cho, G. L. and Ha, J. W. (2021). Synergistic effect of citric acid and xenon light for inactivating foodborne pathogens on spinach leaves. Food Research International, 142, 1-9.
• Cui, H., Bai, M., Yuan, L., Surendhiran, D. and Lin, L. (2018). Sequential effect of phages and cold nitrogen plasma against Escherichia coli O157:H7 biofilms on different vegetables. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 268, 1-9.
• Francisco, C. A. I., Naves, E. A. A., Ferreira, D. C., Do, Rosario, D. K. A., Cunha, M. F. et al (2017). Synergistic effect of sodium hypochlorite and ultrasound bath in the decontamination of fresh arugulas. Journal of Food Safety, 38, 1-7.
• Galie, S., Gutiérrez, C. G., Miguélez, E. M., Villar C. J. and Lombó (2018). Biofilms in the food industry: Health aspects and control methods. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9, 1-18.
• Jose, J. F. B., Medeiros, H. S., Bernardes, P. C. and Andrade, N. J. (2014a). Removal of Salmonella enterica Enteritidis and Escherichia coli from green peppers and melons by ultrasound and organic acids. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 190, 9-13.
• Jose, J. F. B. S., Andrade, N. J., Ramos, A. M., Vanetti, M. C. D. and Stringheta, P. C. (2014b). Decontamination by ultrasound application in fresh fruits and vegetables. Food Control, 45, 36-50.
• Jose, J. F. B. S. and Vanetti, M. C. D. (2012). Effect of ultrasound and commercial sanitizers in removing natural contaminants and Salmonella enterica Typhimurium on cherry tomatoes. Food Control, 24, 95-99.
• Korany, A. M., Hua, Z., Green, T, Hanrahan, I., El-Shinawy, S. H. et al (2018). Efficacy of ozonated water, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, quaternary ammonium compounds and peroxy acetic acid against Listeria monocytogenes biofilm on polystyrene surfaces. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9, 1-10.
• Lapeña, I. N., Lafarga, T., Viñas, I., et al (2019). Ultrasound processing alone or in combination with other chemical or physical treatments as a safety and quality preservation strategy of fresh and processed fruits and vegetables: A review. Food Bioprocess Technology, 12, 1452-1471.
• Lepaus, B. M., Rocha, J. S. and Jose, J. F. B. S. (2021). Organic acids and hydrogen peroxide can replace chlorinated compounds as sanitizers on strawberries, cucumbers and rocket leaves. Food Science and Technology, 40, 242-249.
• Meireles, A., Giaouris, E. and Simõesal, M. (2016). Alternative disinfection methods to chlorine for use in the fresh-cut industry. Food Research International, 82, 71-85.
• Rodriguez, N., Salgado, J. M., Cortes, S. and Dominguez, J. M. (2010). Alternatives for biosurfactants and bacteriocins extraction from Lactococcus lactis cultures produced under different pH conditions. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 51, 226-233.
• Srey, S., Park, S. Y. and Jahid, I. K. (2014). Reduction effect of the selected chemical and physical treatments to reduce L. monocytogenes biofilms formed on lettuce and cabbage. Food Research International, 62,484-49.
• Torlak, E. and Sert, D. (2013). Combined effect of benzalkonium chloride and ultrasound against Listeria monocytogenes biofilm on plastic surface. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 57, 220-226.
• Yuan, L., Sadiq, F. A., Wang, N., Yang, Z. and He, G. (2021). Recent advances in understanding the control of disinfectant-resistant biofilms by hurdle technology in the food industry. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 61, 3876-3891.
• Zhao, X., Zhen, Z., Wang, X. and Guo, N. (2017). Synergy of a combination of nisin and citric acid against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 34, 2058-2068.