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Turuncu Havuç (Daucus Carota L.) Karotenoidleri ile Zenginleştirilmiş Kefir Üretimi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 1290 - 1300, 15.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1452611

Öz

Kefir birçok probiyotik bakteri ve maya türlerini bünyesinde bulunduran doğal bir fermente süt ürünüdür. Son yıllarda tüketicilerin probiyotik ürünlere olan artan talepleri nedeniyle bu ürünlerden birisi olan kefirin fonksiyonelliğinin ve aromasının geliştirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu amaçla farklı bitkisel kaynak ve aroma maddeleri ile zenginleştirilen alternatif kefir çeşitleri üretilmektedir. Bu çalışmada turuncu renkteki havuçtan ekstrakte edilen karotenoidlerin kefir formülasyonuna ilave edilmesi ile kefirin bazı özellikleri üzerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Turuncu havuçtan karotenoidler aseton ile ekstrakte edildikten sonra ayçiçek yağı fazına geçirilerek karotenoid ekstraktı elde edilmiştir. Ardından inek sütü ve kefir mayası ile birlikte farklı oranlarda (%0.1, 0.3, 0.5, v/v) karotenoid ekstraktı kefir üretimine dahil edilmiş ve 30 °C’de 24 saat süre ile fermantasyon işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Karotenoid maddelerce zenginleştirilmiş kefirlerin kurumadde, kül, protein, renk, titre edilebilir asitlik, β-karoten ve duyusal analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Zenginleştirilmiş kefirlerin asitlik ve pH değerlerinde anlamlı değişme görülmezken (P >0,05), β-karoten içeriği 1,41-4,07 mg/100 mL değerlerine anlamlı olarak (P <0,05) artmıştır. Kefirlere karotenoid ekstraktı ilavesinin ürünlerin kontrol grubuna göre β-karoten içeriklerini artırdığı ve kefirlerin duyusal özelliklerini geliştirdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Aiello, F., Restuccia, D., Spizzirri, U. G., Carullo, G., Leporini, M., ve Loizzo, M. R., (2020). Improving kefir bioactive properties by functional enrichment with plant and agro-food waste extracts. Fermentation, 6, 83. doi:10.3390/fermentation6030083.
  • Aktaş, H., Aktaş, H. M., Ürkek, B., Şengül, M., ve Çetin, B., (2023). Evaluation of Spreadable Kefir Produced from Different Milks in Terms of Some Quality Criteria. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins. doi:10.1007/s12602-023-10129-8.
  • Arscott, S. A. ve Tanumihardjo, S. A., (2010). Carrots of many colors provide basic nutrition and bioavailable phytochemicals acting as a functional food. Comprehensive Reviews In Food Science and Food Safety, 9.
  • Belyaev, A., Mosyagin, V., Ryzhkova, G., ve Shvets, O., (2021). Development of kefir from non-traditional raw materials enriched with blackberry products. BIO Web of Conferences, 32, 03001. doi: 10.1051/bioconf/20213203001.
  • Bengi, S., Gursoy, O., Dal, H. Ö. G., ve Yılmaz, Y., (2023). Effect of propolis extract addition on some physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of kefir drinks. Food Science and Nutrition, (11), 7407–7417. doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.3671.
  • Brahm, P. M., Barba, F. J., Remize, F., Garcia, C., Fessard, A., Khaneghah, A. M., Santana, A. S., Lorenzo, J. M., Montesano, D., ve Martinez, A. J. M., (2020). The impact of fermentation processes on the production, retention and bioavailability of carotenoids: An overview. Trends in Food Science & Technology, (99), 389–401
  • Cemeroğlu, B. S., (2013). Gıda Analizleri. Ankara Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Bizim Büro Basımevi, 3. Baskı, Ankara.
  • Elik, A., D. Yanık, D. K., ve Göğüş, F., (2020). Microwave-assisted extraction of carotenoids from carrot juice processing waste using flaxseed oil as a solvent. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 123, 109100. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109100.
  • Goncu, B., Celikel, A., Guler-akin, M. B., ve Akin, M. S., (2017). Some properties of kefir enriched with apple and lemon fiber. Mljekarstvo, 67(3), 208-216. doi: 10.15567/mljekarstvo.2017.0305.
  • Gursoy, O., Kocatürk, K., Dal, H. Ö. G., Yakalı, H. N., ve Yılmaz, Y., (2020). Physicochemical and rheological properties of commercial kefir drinks. Akademik Gıda, 18(4), 375–381. doi: 10.24323/akademik-gida.850881.
  • Guzel-Seydim, Z. B., Kok-Tas, T., Greene, A. K., ve Seydim, A. C., (2011). Review : Functional properties of kefir. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 1(3), 261-268. doi: 10.1080/10408390903579029.
  • Harmankaya, S., Gülbaz, G., ve Kamber, U., (2019). Microbiological, chemical and sensory characteristics of kefir prepared with various fruit additives. Van Veterinary Journal, 30(1), 13–18.
  • Heinonen, M. I., (1990). Carotenoids and provitamin A activity of carrot ( Daucus carota L .) cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 38, 609–612.
  • Kabakçı, S. A., Türkyılmaz, M., ve Özkan, M., (2020). Changes in the quality of kefir fortified with anthocyanin-rich juices during storage. Food Chemistry, 326, 126977.doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126977.
  • Karagözlü, C., Ünal, G., Akalın, A. S., Akan, E., ve Kınık, Ö., (2017). The effects of black and green tea on antioxidant activity and sensory characteristics of kefir. Agro Food Industry and Hi Tech, 28(2).
  • Kasim, R., ve Kasim, M. U., (2019). Farklı renklerin gücü " havuç”. International Marmara Sciences Congress.
  • Kim, D., Jeong, D., Kim, H., ve Seo, K., (2019). Modern perspectives on the health benefits of kefir in next generation sequencing era : Improvement of the host gut microbiota. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 59(11), 1782-1793. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1428168.
  • Mestry, A. P., Mujumdar, A. S., ve Thorat, B. N., (2011). Optimization of spray drying of an ınnovative functional food : fermented mixed juice of carrot and watermelon. Drying Technology, 29(10), 1121-1131. doi: 10.1080/07373937.2011.566968.
  • Nicolle, C., Simon, G., Rock, E., Amouroux, P., ve Remesy, C., (2004). Genetic variability ınfluences carotenoid, vitamin, phenolic, and mineral content in white, yellow, purple, orange, and dark-orange carrot cultivars. Journal of American Society Horticulture and Science, 129(4), 523–529.
  • Say, D., Tangüler, H., ve Güzeler, N., (2019). Çilek ve kayısı aromalı kefirlerin depolanması sırasında mikrobiyolojik özelliklerindeki değişim. Academic Platform Journal of Engineering and Science, 7(2), 306–311. doi: 10.21541/apjes.474916.
  • Setiyoningrum, F., Priadi, G., ve Afiati, F., (2019). Supplementation of ginger and cinnamon extract into goat milk kefir. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2175, 020069. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5134633.
  • Ürkek, B., ve Taş, A., (2021). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Fermente Süt Ürünleri Tüketim Alışkanlıklarının İstatistiksel Analizi. Aydın Gastronomy, 5(2), 91-103.
  • Znamirowska, A., Szajnar, K., Rozek, P., Kalicka, D., Kuzniar, P., Hanus, P., Kotula, K., Obirek, M., ve Kluz, M., (2017). Effect of addition of wild garlic (Allium Ursinum) on the quality of kefirs from sheep’s milk. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria, 16(2), 209–215.
  • Wang, S. L., Jiao, L. X., Li, Y. H., ve Fan, M. T., (2012). Degradation of β-Carotene To Volatile Compounds In an Aqueous Model System To Simulate The Production of Sea Buckthorn Wine. International Journal of Food Properties, (15), 1381–1393.

Kefır Production Enriched with Orange Carrot (Daucus Carota L.) Carotenoids

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 1290 - 1300, 15.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1452611

Öz

In this study, the changes on some properties of kefir by adding carotenoids extracted from orange carrots to kefir formulation were investigated. After extracting the carotenoids from orange carrots with acetone, it was transferred to the sunflower oil phase, and the carotenoid extract was obtained. Then, different ratios (0.1, 0.3, 0.5%, v/v) carotenoid extract together with cow’s milk and kefir yeast were included in kefir production, and fermentation was carried out at 30 °C for 24 hours. Dry matter, ash, protein, color, titratable acidity, β-carotene and sensory analyses of kefir enriched with carotenoid substances were performed. While there was no significant change (P >0.05) in the acidity and pH values of enriched kefir, the β-carotene content increased significantly (p<0.05) as 1.41-4.07 mg/100 mL. It was determined that the addition of carotenoid extract to kefirs increased the β-carotene content of the products compared to the control group and improved the sensory properties of kefirs.

Kaynakça

  • Aiello, F., Restuccia, D., Spizzirri, U. G., Carullo, G., Leporini, M., ve Loizzo, M. R., (2020). Improving kefir bioactive properties by functional enrichment with plant and agro-food waste extracts. Fermentation, 6, 83. doi:10.3390/fermentation6030083.
  • Aktaş, H., Aktaş, H. M., Ürkek, B., Şengül, M., ve Çetin, B., (2023). Evaluation of Spreadable Kefir Produced from Different Milks in Terms of Some Quality Criteria. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins. doi:10.1007/s12602-023-10129-8.
  • Arscott, S. A. ve Tanumihardjo, S. A., (2010). Carrots of many colors provide basic nutrition and bioavailable phytochemicals acting as a functional food. Comprehensive Reviews In Food Science and Food Safety, 9.
  • Belyaev, A., Mosyagin, V., Ryzhkova, G., ve Shvets, O., (2021). Development of kefir from non-traditional raw materials enriched with blackberry products. BIO Web of Conferences, 32, 03001. doi: 10.1051/bioconf/20213203001.
  • Bengi, S., Gursoy, O., Dal, H. Ö. G., ve Yılmaz, Y., (2023). Effect of propolis extract addition on some physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of kefir drinks. Food Science and Nutrition, (11), 7407–7417. doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.3671.
  • Brahm, P. M., Barba, F. J., Remize, F., Garcia, C., Fessard, A., Khaneghah, A. M., Santana, A. S., Lorenzo, J. M., Montesano, D., ve Martinez, A. J. M., (2020). The impact of fermentation processes on the production, retention and bioavailability of carotenoids: An overview. Trends in Food Science & Technology, (99), 389–401
  • Cemeroğlu, B. S., (2013). Gıda Analizleri. Ankara Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Bizim Büro Basımevi, 3. Baskı, Ankara.
  • Elik, A., D. Yanık, D. K., ve Göğüş, F., (2020). Microwave-assisted extraction of carotenoids from carrot juice processing waste using flaxseed oil as a solvent. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 123, 109100. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109100.
  • Goncu, B., Celikel, A., Guler-akin, M. B., ve Akin, M. S., (2017). Some properties of kefir enriched with apple and lemon fiber. Mljekarstvo, 67(3), 208-216. doi: 10.15567/mljekarstvo.2017.0305.
  • Gursoy, O., Kocatürk, K., Dal, H. Ö. G., Yakalı, H. N., ve Yılmaz, Y., (2020). Physicochemical and rheological properties of commercial kefir drinks. Akademik Gıda, 18(4), 375–381. doi: 10.24323/akademik-gida.850881.
  • Guzel-Seydim, Z. B., Kok-Tas, T., Greene, A. K., ve Seydim, A. C., (2011). Review : Functional properties of kefir. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 1(3), 261-268. doi: 10.1080/10408390903579029.
  • Harmankaya, S., Gülbaz, G., ve Kamber, U., (2019). Microbiological, chemical and sensory characteristics of kefir prepared with various fruit additives. Van Veterinary Journal, 30(1), 13–18.
  • Heinonen, M. I., (1990). Carotenoids and provitamin A activity of carrot ( Daucus carota L .) cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 38, 609–612.
  • Kabakçı, S. A., Türkyılmaz, M., ve Özkan, M., (2020). Changes in the quality of kefir fortified with anthocyanin-rich juices during storage. Food Chemistry, 326, 126977.doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126977.
  • Karagözlü, C., Ünal, G., Akalın, A. S., Akan, E., ve Kınık, Ö., (2017). The effects of black and green tea on antioxidant activity and sensory characteristics of kefir. Agro Food Industry and Hi Tech, 28(2).
  • Kasim, R., ve Kasim, M. U., (2019). Farklı renklerin gücü " havuç”. International Marmara Sciences Congress.
  • Kim, D., Jeong, D., Kim, H., ve Seo, K., (2019). Modern perspectives on the health benefits of kefir in next generation sequencing era : Improvement of the host gut microbiota. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 59(11), 1782-1793. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1428168.
  • Mestry, A. P., Mujumdar, A. S., ve Thorat, B. N., (2011). Optimization of spray drying of an ınnovative functional food : fermented mixed juice of carrot and watermelon. Drying Technology, 29(10), 1121-1131. doi: 10.1080/07373937.2011.566968.
  • Nicolle, C., Simon, G., Rock, E., Amouroux, P., ve Remesy, C., (2004). Genetic variability ınfluences carotenoid, vitamin, phenolic, and mineral content in white, yellow, purple, orange, and dark-orange carrot cultivars. Journal of American Society Horticulture and Science, 129(4), 523–529.
  • Say, D., Tangüler, H., ve Güzeler, N., (2019). Çilek ve kayısı aromalı kefirlerin depolanması sırasında mikrobiyolojik özelliklerindeki değişim. Academic Platform Journal of Engineering and Science, 7(2), 306–311. doi: 10.21541/apjes.474916.
  • Setiyoningrum, F., Priadi, G., ve Afiati, F., (2019). Supplementation of ginger and cinnamon extract into goat milk kefir. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2175, 020069. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5134633.
  • Ürkek, B., ve Taş, A., (2021). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Fermente Süt Ürünleri Tüketim Alışkanlıklarının İstatistiksel Analizi. Aydın Gastronomy, 5(2), 91-103.
  • Znamirowska, A., Szajnar, K., Rozek, P., Kalicka, D., Kuzniar, P., Hanus, P., Kotula, K., Obirek, M., ve Kluz, M., (2017). Effect of addition of wild garlic (Allium Ursinum) on the quality of kefirs from sheep’s milk. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria, 16(2), 209–215.
  • Wang, S. L., Jiao, L. X., Li, Y. H., ve Fan, M. T., (2012). Degradation of β-Carotene To Volatile Compounds In an Aqueous Model System To Simulate The Production of Sea Buckthorn Wine. International Journal of Food Properties, (15), 1381–1393.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Gıda Mühendisliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hüseyin Can Ayçiçek 0000-0002-2656-0298

Zeynep Naz Esen 0000-0002-1091-7029

Serap Berktaş 0000-0002-5195-0685

Mustafa Çam 0000-0003-1258-0834

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Eylül 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Mart 2024
Kabul Tarihi 18 Temmuz 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Ayçiçek, H. C., Esen, Z. N., Berktaş, S., Çam, M. (2024). Turuncu Havuç (Daucus Carota L.) Karotenoidleri ile Zenginleştirilmiş Kefir Üretimi. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(3), 1290-1300. https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1452611