Bilim Felsefesi Bilim Pratiğinden Ne Öğrenebilir?

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 2, 110 - 132, 15.10.2020

A. Dinçer Çevik

Öz

Dünya’da bilim felsefesi çalışmaları büyük oranda “bilim pratiğini” odak noktası haline getirmişken, Türkiye’de zaten çok fazla ilgi görmeyen bilim felsefesi çalışmaları henüz bu değişimi yakalayamamıştır; Türkiye’deki bilim felsefesi çalışmaları daha çok bilim felsefesi tarihi veya bilim tarihi olarak adlandırılabilir. Pratik odaklı bilim felsefesine göre bilimi anlamak için analiz ve kavramların anlamlarını açıklama çabaları gerekli olsa da bu tek başına yeterli değildir. Bilim insanlarının çalışma pratiğini belli bir amaç doğrultusunda, tercihen, felsefecilerin dışarıdan dayattıkları ile değil bilim insanlarının kendileri tarafından belirlenen bir amaç doğrultusunda incelemeleri daha anlamlıdır. Bu makalede bilim felsefesi ve bilim pratiği arasındaki karşılıklı ilişkiyi durum çalışmalarından hareketle inceleyerek ana akım bilim felsefesi yerine bilim pratiğini odağa alan yaklaşımın doğru şekilde kavrandığında yöntem olarak bilim felsefesinin normatif/betimleyici ikileminden bağımsız şekilde ele alınabilmesinin yollarını göstermesi açısından daha verimli olduğunu iddia ediyorum.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metafelsefe, Bilim Felsefesi, Pratik-Odaklı Bilim Felsefesi, Bergson, Einstein

What can Philosophy of Science Learn from Scientific Practice?

Öz

While studies on philosophy of science focus on the scientific practice itself in global level, the present state of philosophy of science in Turkey, which is an underrepresented field of philosophy already, seems to be slow to recognize this change. In fact, studies in philosophy of science in Turkey are generally being conflated with the studies in history of philosophy of science or history of science. According to practice-oriented philosophy of science, although analysis and explication of meaning of concepts may be necessary to understand science, this activity alone would not be sufficient. This approach also holds the view that scientific practices should be evaluated against a purpose, preferably one that is pursued by the scientists themselves and not imposed from outside by a philosopher. In this study, based on some case studies, I investigate the reciprocal relationship between scientific practice and philosophy of science and I claim that instead of what is called mainstream philosophy of science, practice-oriented philosophy of science, if it is conceived in a prop er way, is a more fruitful methodological approach to take as it sheds light on the ways philosophy of science could be saved from normative/descriptive dichotomy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metaphilosophy, Philosophy of Science, Practice-Oriented Philosophy of Science, Bergson, Einstein

Kaynakça

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