İnsan Kaynakları Yönetiminde Dijital Dönüşüm ve Dijitalleşen İşe Alım İşlevi

Yıl 2023, , 1 - 16, 21.07.2023

Hatice Ümit Aksoy Uğurlu , Altan Doğan

https://doi.org/10.35343/kosbed.1247587

Cited By: 4

Öz

Teknolojinin gelişmesi ile birlikte; bilgi teknolojileri, internet, dijitalleşme, makine öğrenmesi ve yapay zeka benzeri kavramlar hayatın her alanına yayılan gerçeklikler haline gelmiştir. Bu devrimsel nitelikteki gelişmeler ile birlikte iş hayatında da önemli değişimler yaşanmaktadır. Hızla ilerleyen teknolojik değişimler, örgütlerin yönetim biçimlerini de önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda örgüt yönetiminde teknolojik yeniliklerin kullanılması zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Örgütler dijital alanda birçok yeniliği paydaşlarına sunarken, insan kaynakları yönetimi de benzer yenilikleri kendi paydaşlarına sunmaktadır. Dijitalleşme, insan kaynakları bölümünün gerçekleştirdiği işlemlerin önemli bir kesiminin dijital ortamda yürütülmesini sağlamıştır. İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi bu dijital dönüşüm nedeniyle “Dijital İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi” haline gelmiştir. Örgütler arasında yüksek potansiyelli ve nitelikli adayları işe alma üstüne süregelen kıyasıya rekabet süratlenirken, insan kaynakları bölümleri işe alım süreçlerinde gerçekleştirdikleri yenilikçi dijital uygulamalarla rekabet avantajını yakalamayı hedeflemektedirler. Bu bağlamda makalenin amacı, dijital İKY alanını detaylandırmak, dijital İKY dönüşümü ve dijital gelişmelerin işe alım işlevi üzerinde etkisinin kavramsal açıdan açıklanmasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dijital İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi, Dijital Dönüşüm, Dijital İşe Alma, Dijitalleşme

Digital Transformation in Human Resources Management and Digitalized Recruitment Function

Öz

With the development of technology; concept issues such as internet, digitalization, information technologies, and artificial intelligence have become realities that permeate all areas of life. Along with these revolutionary developments, important changes are also experienced in business life. In this context, the use of technological innovations in organizational management has become mandatory. Digitization has enabled a sigification part of the operations carried out by HRM department to be carried out in a digital environment. Human Resources Management has become “Digital HRM” due to this digital transformation. While the competition among organizations to recruit high-potential employees gains momentum, HRM departments aims to capture the competitive advantage with innovative digital applications in their recruitment processes. In this context, the aim of the article is to detail the field of digital HRM, to explain the digital HRM transformation and the effect of the digital developments on the human resources recruitment function conceptually.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Digital Human Resources Management, Digital Transformation, Digital Rrecruitment, Digitalization

Kaynakça

• Acer, Ebru Karataş (2015). Türkiye’de Yükseköğretimin Genişlemesinin Yeni Kurumsalcılık Perspektifi Açısından İncelenmesi. Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Acikgoz, Yalçın (2019). “Employee recruitment and job search: Towards a multi-level integration”. Human Resource Management Review, 29: 1-vd13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2018.02.009
• Akdemir, Bünyamin (2017). İnsan Kaynakları Yönetiminde Güncel Yaklaşımlar. İstanbul: Beta Yayınevi.
• Akduman, Gülbeniz (2019). “Dijital İşe Alım: Dijital Dünya’nın İnsan Kaynakları İşe Alım Fonksiyonuna Etkisinin Kavramsal ve Uygulama Örnekleriyle Değerlendirilmesi”. International Journal of Arts & Social Studies, 2 (3): 24-44.
• Albert, Edward Tristram (2019). “AI in talent acquisition: a review of AI-applications used in recruitment and selection”. Strategic HR Review, 18(5): 215–221. DOI:10.1108/SHR-04-2019-0024
• Armstrong, Michael (2017). Stratejik İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi El Kitabı (Çeviri Editörü: Yonca Deniz Gürol). İstanbul: Nobel Kitabevi.
• Bayarçelik, Ebru Beyza (2020). “Dijital Dönüşümün İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Üzerine Etkileri”, Dijital Dönüşüm ve İnovasyon: 4. Uluslararası Yeni Medya Konferansı (25-26 Nisan 2019), İstanbul, İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları, 55-79.
• Bell, Bredford, Sae Won Lee, and Sarah K. Yeung (2006). “The impact of eHR on professional competence in HRM: Implications for the development of HR professionals”. Human Resource Management, 45(3): 295–308. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20113.
• Bejtkovský Jiri, Zoltan Rózsa and Hendrati dwi Mulyaningsih (2018). “A Phenomenon of Digitalization and E-Recruitment in Business Environment”. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 18(1): 58-68. DOI:10.17512/pjms.2018.18.1.05.
• Bondarouk, Tanya, Emma Parry and Elfi Furtmueller (2017). “Electronic HRM: Four decades of research on adoption and consequences”. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(1): 98–131. DOI:10.1080/09585192.2016.1245672.
• Breaugh, James A. (2008). “Employee Recruitment: Current knowledge and important areas for future research”. Human Resource Management Review, 18(3): 103–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2008.07.003.
• Brynjolfsson, Erik and Andrew McAfee (2014). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
• Cappelli, Peter (2019). “İşe Alıma Yaklaşımınız Tamamen Yanlış”, Harvard Business Review Türkiye, 8(5): 47-60. Cascio Wayne F. and Ramiro Montealegre (2016). “How Technology Is Changing Work and Organizations”, Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 3: 349-375. DOI:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-041015-062352.
• Chen, Le, Alan Mislove and Christo Wilson (2015). “Peeking beneath the hood of uber”. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 2015 Internet Measurement Conference: 495-508. https://doi.org/10.1145/2815675.2815681
• Colbert, Amy, Nick Yee and Gerard George (2016). “The digital workforce and the workplace of the future”. Academy of Management Journal, 59(3): 731–739. DOI:10.5465/amj.2016.4003.
• DeCenzo, David A., Stephan P. Robbins ve Susan L. Verhulst (2017). İnsan Kaynakları Yönetiminin Temelleri (Çev: Canan Çetin, Lütfi Arslan), İstanbul: Nobel Kitapevi.
• De Mauro, Andrea, Marco Greco , Grimaldi Michael and Paavo Ritala (2018). “Human Resources for Big Data professions: A systematic classification of job roles and required skill sets”. Information Processing & Management, 54(5): 807–817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2017.05.004.
• De Mello, Luiz and Teresa Ter-Minassian (2020). “Digitalisation challenges and opportunities for subnational governments”, OECD Working Papers on Fiscal Federalism, No. 31, Paris.
• Dessler, Gary (2013). Fundamentals of Human Resource Manager, Pearson Education: NJ.
• Duman, Canan (2019). İşin Geleceği Şimdi: Çalışan Deneyiminin Yükselişi. İstanbul: Kanon Kitap.
• Erdem, Hasan Ali (2011). Yeni Medya Hizmetleri ve Düzenlemeleri. Uzmanlık Tezi, Radyo ve Televizyon Üst Kurulu, Ankara.
• Fındıklı, Mine Afacan and Yasin Rofcanin (2016). “The Concept of E-HRM, Its Evolution and Effects on Organizational Outcomes”. in Ed. Carolina Machado,J. Paulo Davim, Technological Challenges and Management: Matching Human and Business Needs. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, pp: 35-50.
• Gavurová, Beata, Radovan Bačík, Richard Fedorko and Ľudovit Nastišin (2018). “The customer’s brand experience in the light of selected performance indicators in the social media environment”. Journal of Competitiveness, 10(2): 72-84.
• Gürbüz, Uğur, Mine Afacan Fındıklı ve Şebnem Özdemir (2022). “Digital HR: A Study on Hw Game-Based Assessments Can Attract Talents”. Global Journal of Information Technology Emerging Technologies, 12(1): 22-33.
• Habraken, Milou and Tanya Bondarouk (2017). “Smart Industry Research in the Field of HRM: Resetting Job Design as an Example of Upcoming Challenges”. in Ed. Bondarouk, Tanya, Ruël, Huub and Parry, Emma. Electronic HRM in the Smart Era. Bingley: Emerald Publishing, pp: 221–259.
• Heric, Michael (2018). “HR’s New Digital Mandate: Digital technologies have become essential for HR to engage top talent and add value to the business”. Bain &Company https://www.bain.com/contentassets/3dea09cc27fd426abfb35f9caa0e97dc/bain_brief_-hrs_new_digital_mandate.pdf/21.12.2022
• Holm, Anna B. (2012). “E-recruitment: Towards an Ubiquitous Recruitment Process and Candidate Relationship Management”. German Journal of Resarch in Human Resource Management, 26(3): 241-259.
• Wan Ibrahim Rusydan Wan Mohd and Rashidi Hassan (2019). “Recruitment Trends In The Era Of Industry 4.0 Using Artificial Intelligence: Pro And Cons”. Asian Journal of Research in Business and Management, 1(1):16–21.
• Jones, John. W. (1998). Virtual HR: Human Resources Management in the Information Age. Hamilton Court, Menlo Park, CA: Crisp Publications.
• Kagermann, Henning (2015). “Change Through Digitization—Value Creation in the Age of Industry 4.0". in Ed., Horst Albach, Heribert Meffert, Andreas Pinkwart and Ralf Reichwald. Management of Permanent Change. Springer, pp. 23-45. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-05014-6_2.
• Katz, Raul L. (2017). “Social and Economic Impact of Digital Transformation on the Economy”. İTÜ GSR‐17 Discussion paper. https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Conferences/GSR/Documents/GSR2017/Soc_Eco_impact_Digital_transformation_finalGSR.pdf/20.12.2022.
• KPMG Türkiye, Dijitalleşme Yolunda Türkiye 2021 Trendler ve rehber hedefler. Dijital Türkiye Platformu. https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/tr/pdf/2021/04/dijitallesme-yolunda-turkiye-raporu-2021.pdf
• Landers, Richard.N. (2015). “An Introduction to Game-based Assessment: Frameworks for the Measurement of Knowledge, Skills, Abilities and Other Human Characteristics using Behaviors Observed within Videogames”. International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations, 7(4): 4-8.
• Lengnick-Hall, Mark L, ve Cynthia A. Lengnick Hall (2004). Bilgi Ekonomisinde İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi. Dışbank Kitapları: İstanbul.
• Lengnick-Hall, Mark L. and Steve Moritz (2003). “The Impact of E-HR on the Human Resource Management Function”, Journal of Labor Research. 24(3): 365-379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-003-1001-6.
• Jobvite (2018). Recruiter Nation Survey, 10 Ekim 2022. https://www.jobvite.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/2018-Recruiter-Nation-Study.pdf.
• Marler, Janet H. and John W. Boudreau, (2017). “An evidence-based review of HR analytics”. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 28(1): 3–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1244699.
• Marler, Janet H. and Sandra L. Fisher (2013). “An evidence-based review of e-HRM and strategic human resource management”, Human Resource Management Review. 23(1): 18–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2012.06.002.
• Maroy, Lars Leegaard (2019). “Personnel attraction and selection through gamified psychometrics: A game-changer for the recruitment industry”. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norweç.
• Mazurchenko, Anastasiia and Kateřina Maršíková (2019). “Digitally-Powered Human Resource Management: Skills and Roles in the Digital Era”. Acta Informatica Pragensia, 8(2): 72–87. DOI:10.18267/j.aip.125.
• Meijerink, Jeroen, Mark Boons, Anne Keegan and Janet Marler, (2018), “Special issue of theInternationalJournal of HumanResource Management: Digitization and the transformation of human resource management”, The International Journal of Human Resource Management. DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2018.1503845
• Michailidis, Maria P. (2018). “The challenges of AI and blockchain on HR recruiting practices”. The Cyprus Review; Nicosia, 30(2): 169-180.
• Nivlouei, Fahimeh Babaei N (2014). “Electronic human resource management system: The main element in capacitating globalization paradigm”. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(2): 147–159.
• PSI (2017). Nigel Povah, Philippa Riley and Helen Routledge “Games-based assessment: The expert guide”. Retrieved from https://www.psionline.com/wp-content/uploads/GamesBasedAssessment_WhitePaper.pdf /01.12.2022.
• Ruël, Huub J.M., Tanya Bondarouk and Mandy van der Velde (2007). “The contribution of e-HRM to HRM effectiveness. Results from a quantitative study in a Dutch Ministry”. Employee Relations, 29(3): 280-291. DOI:10.1108/01425450710741757.
• Ruël, Huub J.M. and Harry van der Kaap (2012). “E-HRM Usage and value creation. Does a facilitating context matter?” German Journal of Research in Human Resource Management, 26(3): 260–281. DOI:10.2307/23279204.
• Shawar, Bayan Abu and Eric Atwell (2007). “Different measurements metrics to evaluate a chatbot system”. NAACL-HLT-Dialog '07: Proceedings of the Workshop on Bridging the Gap: Academic and Industrial Research in Dialog Technologies, April, pp. 89–96. DOI:10.3115/1556328.1556341.
• Sorgner, Alina, Eckhardt Bode and Christiane Krieger-Boden (2017). “The Effects of Digitalization for Gender Equality in the G20 Economies: Women 20 study”. In Kiel E-Books from Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW), Kiel. pp.2-143. https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/170571.
• Stone, Dianna L. and James H. Dulebohn (2013). “Emerging issues in theory and research on electronic human resource management (eHRM”). Human Resource Management Review, 23(1): 1–5. DOI:10.1016/j.hrmr.2012.06.001
• Strang, Kenneth David and Zhaohao Sun (2022), “ERP Staff versus AI recruitment with employment real-time big data”. Discover Artifcial Intelligence, 2:21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-022-00037-1.
• Strohmeier, Stefan (2007). “Research in e-HRM: Review and implications”. Human Resource Management Review, 17(1): 19–37. DOI:10.1016/j.hrmr.2006.11.002.
• Strohmeier, Stefan (2020). “Digital human resource management: A conceptual clarification”. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(3): 345–365. doi:10.1177/2397002220921131.
• Strohmeier, Stefan (2018). “Smart HRM – a Delphi study on the application and consequences of the Internet of Things in Human Resource Management”. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31(18): 2289-2318. doi:10.1080/09585192.2018.1443963.
• Toffler A. (1980). Üçüncü Dalga, Çev. Selim Yeniçeri, Koridor yayıncılık: İstanbul.
• Townsend, Anthony M. and James T. Bennett2003) “Human Resources and Information Technology”. Journal of Labor Research, 24(3): 361- 363. doi:10.1007/s12122-003-1000-7.
• Trost, Armin (2020). Human Resources Strategies Balancing Stability and Agility in Times of Digitization, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
• Ulrich, Dave (1998). Delivering Results: A New Mandate for Human Resources Professionals, Boston: MA: Harvard Business Review Book.
• Vardarlıer, Pelin (2020). “Digital transformation of human resource management: Digital applications and strategic tools in HRM.” in Digital Business Strategies in Blockchain Ecosystems: Transformational Design and Future of Global Business, Contributions to Management Science, Ed. Ümit Hacıoğlu, pp. 239-264. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29739-8_11.
• Wear, Hope Elizabeth (2018). A Validation of a Game-Based Assessment for the Measurement of Vocational Interest. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, San Francisco State University, California, USA.
• Wołodźko Kinga and Jacek Woźniak (2017). “The Use by Large Polish Organizations of Information about CSR Activities in e-Recruitment”. Journal of Scientific Papers Economics and Sociology, 10(2): 47-60. DOI:10.14254/2071-789X.2017/10-2/4.
• Zang, Siyu and Maolin Ye (2015). “Human Resource Management in the Era of Big Data”. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 3(1): 41-45. DOI: 10.4236/jhrss.2015.31006.