Evli Kadınların Yarı Zamanlı ve Tam Zamanlı Çalışma Şekillerinin Belirleyicileri: Türkiye Örneği

Öz

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de ikamet eden evli kadınların tam zamanlı ve yarı zamanlı çalışma şekillerinin tercihini belirleyen faktörler, TÜİK Hane Halkı Işgücü Anketi verileri kullanılarak Logit analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; medeni durum, cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim seviyesi, hane halkı büyüklüğü, meslek grubu ve aylık kazanılan gelir ile çalışma şekilleri arasında %1 anlamlılık seviyesinde katsayıların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görülmektedir. Evli kadınların diğerlerine göre part time çalışma olasılıklarının daha fazla olduğu görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte, erkeklerin kadınlara göre yarı zamanlı çalışma olasılıkları daha düşük tespit edilirken, eğitim seviyesi üniversite ve üstü olanların diğerlerine göre yarı zamanlı çalışma olasılıklarının azaldığı görülmüştür. Yaşlar gruplara ayrıldığında 15-24 yaş grubu baz alındığında, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54 ve 55-64 yaş gruplarının yarı zamanlı çalışma olasılıklarının 15-24 yaş gruplarına göre anlamlı şekilde daha az olduğu ayrıca, hane halkı büyüklüğü arttıkça bireylerin yarı zamanlı çalışma olasılıklarının da azaldığı söylenebilmektedir. Meslek gruplarında ise profesyonel meslek grubu baz alınmıştır. Bulgulara göre, teknisyen, büro, hizmet sektörü, tarım, sanatkâr, operatör ve niteliksiz olarak ifade edilen meslek gruplarının yarı zamanlı çalışma olasılıklarının profesyonel meslek grubuna göre daha az olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışma evli kadınların, hem kadınlar arasında hem de diğer tüm çalışanlar içerisinde söz konusu çalışma şekli tercihi açısından durumunun belirlenmesi için Türkiye örneğinde yapılan ilk çalışma olması nedeniyle de önem arz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• çalışma şekli
• hane halkı
• logit
• Türkiye

Determinants of Part Time and Full Time Working Patterns of Married Women: The Case of Turkey

Öz

This study analyses the preference of full-time and part-time working patterns of married women residing in Turkey and the factors affecting this preference. Logit method is used in the analysis using TURKSTAT Household Labour Force Survey data. According to the findings, the coefficients between marital status, gender, age, education level, household size, occupational group and monthly income and working patterns are statistically significant at 1% significance level. It is observed that married women are more likely to work part-time than others. On the other hand, men are less likely to work part-time than women, while those with a university degree or higher are less likely to work part-time than others. When age groups are divided into groups, based on the 15-24 age group, it can be said that the probability of part-time work of the 25-34, 35-44, 45-54 and 55-64 age groups is significantly lower than the 15-24 age groups, and the probability of part-time work of individuals decreases as the household size increases. In occupational groups, professional occupational group is taken as a basis. According to the findings, it is determined that the probability of part-time work of the occupational groups expressed as technician, clerical, service sector, agriculture, artisan, operator and unqualified is less than the professional occupational group. This study is also important because it is the first study conducted in Turkey to determine the status of married women in terms of the choice of working style, both among women and among all other employees.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mode of work
• Household
• logit
• Türkiye

Kaynakça

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