Araştırma Makalesi

Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries

Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2 6 Temmuz 2026
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Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries

Öz

This article addresses the policy asymmetries and global economic impacts of flexible and hybrid work models driven by multinational companies (Google, Microsoft). The study aims to analyse the gains provided by these models in terms of organisational efficiency and employee autonomy, as well as the managerial issues they have created, through a comparative approach. In the study, the gig economy, shaped by the development of the digital platform economy, was examined as a distinct area; adaptable frameworks such as Employer of Record, implemented by multinational companies in dynamic markets like Turkiye, were evaluated. The findings indicate that while the gig economy offers flexibility, it deepens structural issues such as income fluctuations, economic insecurity, and a lack of social protection for millions of workers operating under algorithmic control. The uncertain legal status of platform workers creates significant compliance challenges. In this context, the study concludes that a third status should be created to provide proportional social protection for workers subject to digital management, and that the right to disconnect should be legally guaranteed to prevent burnout and unequal power relations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

No financial support was received for the conduct of this research.

Etik Beyan

This paper complies with Research and Publication Ethics, has no conflict of interest to declare, and has received no financial support. The article has been checked for spelling and plagiarism/similarity. The article was evaluated by "at least two external referees" and the "double blinding" method. The author(s) sent a signed "Copyright Transfer Form" to the journal. There is no need to obtain ethical permission for the current study as per the legislation. The "Declaration Form Regarding No Ethics Permission Required" was sent to the journal by the authors on this subject. The author contributed to all sections and stages of the study alone. During the preparation of this work, the author(s) did not use AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing processes. The authors acknowledged that this study has not been published or submitted to any publication outlets for publication.

Kaynakça

  1. ABDULLAH, Nurhidayah, MURAD, Muhammad Syariqul Huzni, KUNHIBAVA, Sherin, MAHDZIR, Nazli and GHADAS, Zuhairah Ariff Abd (2025), “Legal Protection for Gig Workers: A New Business Imperative in the Transportation Sector”, Yuridika, V.40(3), pp.389-414, https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v40i3.59161
  2. ABRAHAM, Katharine (2019), “Measuring the Gig Economy: Current Knowledge and Open Issues”, AEA Papers and Proceedings, V.109, pp.357-361, https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20191039
  3. ACEVEDO, R., MORA, J. and LORCA SUSINO, M. (2025), "Monetary Policy Asymmetric Effects and Economic Freedom: A Panel Interactive Model Approach", Journal of Financial Economic Policy, https://doi.org/10.1108/JFEP-07-2025-0293
  4. AHMAR, Nurmala, DHARMA, Andri Setia and DARMINTO, Dwi Prastowo (2026), “Perceived Income Stability and Financial Security Among Gig Workers in Indonesia: A Socioeconomic and Occupational Analysis”, Business: Theory and Practice, V.27(1), pp.87-98, https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2026.24901
  5. AKTER, Suraiya (2025), “The Future of Work: Redefining Workplace Dynamics, Productivity, Culture, and Employee Well-Being Through Remote and Hybrid Models”, Journal of Global Economy, Business and Finance, V.7(8), pp.47-48, https://doi.org/10.53469/jgebf.2025.07(08).12
  6. ALEEM, Majid, SUFYAN, Muhammad, AMEER, Irfan and MUSTAK, Mekhail (2023), “Remote Work and the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Artificial Intelligence-Based Topic Modelling and a Future Agenda”, Journal of Business Research, V.154, pp.(article 113303), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113303
  7. ANDERSÉN, Jim and JANSSON, Christian (2024), “Commitment Capital: Bridging the Gap Between Organisational Commitment and Human Capital Resources”, Human Resource Management, V.6(6), pp.981-1000, https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22246
  8. ANTUNES, F., PEREIRA, L.F., DIAS, Á.L. et al. (2023), "Flexible Labour Policies as Competitive Advantage", Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, V.24, N.4, pp.563–590, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40171-023-00352-1

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Çalışma Ekonomisi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

6 Temmuz 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

19 Nisan 2026

Kabul Tarihi

21 Haziran 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Ince Yenilmez, M. (2026). Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries. Uluslararası Yönetim Akademisi Dergisi, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.33712/mana.1933814
AMA
1.Ince Yenilmez M. Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries. Yönetim Akademisi. 2026;9(2). doi:10.33712/mana.1933814
Chicago
Ince Yenilmez, Meltem. 2026. “Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries”. Uluslararası Yönetim Akademisi Dergisi 9 (2). https://doi.org/10.33712/mana.1933814.
EndNote
Ince Yenilmez M (01 Temmuz 2026) Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries. Uluslararası Yönetim Akademisi Dergisi 9 2
IEEE
[1]M. Ince Yenilmez, “Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries”, Yönetim Akademisi, c. 9, sy 2, Tem. 2026, doi: 10.33712/mana.1933814.
ISNAD
Ince Yenilmez, Meltem. “Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries”. Uluslararası Yönetim Akademisi Dergisi 9/2 (01 Temmuz 2026). https://doi.org/10.33712/mana.1933814.
JAMA
1.Ince Yenilmez M. Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries. Yönetim Akademisi. 2026;9. doi:10.33712/mana.1933814.
MLA
Ince Yenilmez, Meltem. “Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries”. Uluslararası Yönetim Akademisi Dergisi, c. 9, sy 2, Temmuz 2026, doi:10.33712/mana.1933814.
Vancouver
1.Meltem Ince Yenilmez. Flexible Work Models: Economic Consequences and Policy Asymmetries. Yönetim Akademisi. 01 Temmuz 2026;9(2). doi:10.33712/mana.1933814