Geçmişten Günümüze Anadolu’daki Etnomikolojik Çalışmalar

Öz

Yenilebilir ve medikal doğa mantarları, antik çağlardan beri değerli doğal etnogıda ve etnotıp kaynakları olmuştur. Anadolu'da yetişen doğa mantarları, yüzlerce yıldır yerli halk tarafından geleneksel tarifler ve geleneksel tedaviler için doğadan mevsimsel olarak toplanmıştır. Ayrıca, Amanita caesarea, Boletus spp., Cantharellus cibarius, Craterellus cornucopioides, Hydnum repandum, Lactarius spp. ve Morchella spp. gibi ekonomik açıdan önemli doğa mantarları 20. yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren kırsal kesimde yaşayan halk tarafından bir geçim kaynağı olarak yerel pazarlarda satılmakta ve yurt dışına ihraç edilmektedir. Bu derleme, gastronomi, mutfak kültürü ve tüketiciler açısından öneminin yanı sıra Anadolu'da etnomikoloji üzerine yapılan çalışmaları derleyerek, doğa mantarlarının toplanması ve tüketimine ilişkin kapsamlı geleneksel bilgilerin korunmasını ve yayınlanmasını amaçlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Doğa mantarları
• yerel inançlar
• etnogıda
• etnotıp
• geleneksel bilgi

Ethnomycological Studies in Anatolia from Past to Present

Öz

Edible and medicinal wild mushrooms have been valuable natural sources of ethnofood and ethnomedicine since ancient times. Wild mushrooms growing in Anatolia have seasonally been collected from nature for traditional recipes and traditional treatments by indigenous people for hundreds of years. In addition, economically important wild mushrooms such as Amanita caesarea, Boletus spp., Cantharellus cibarius, Craterellus cornucopioides, Hydnum repandum, Lactarius spp., and Morchella spp. have been sold in local markets and exported abroad as a source of income by the people living in rural areas since the end of the 20th century. This review has aimed to keep and publish comprehensive traditional knowledge about the collection and consumption of wild mushrooms by compiling studies on ethnomycology in Anatolia in addition to their importance for gastronomy, culinary culture, and consumers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Wild mushrooms
• indigenous beliefs
• ethnofood
• ethnomedicine
• traditional knowledge

Kaynakça

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