POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN SEAFOOD FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 74 - 79, 30.09.2021

Nuray Çiftçi , Deniz Ayas

Öz

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds that are formed as a result of insufficient combustion of organic compounds and cause pollution in the environment. While its natural resources are volcanic activities, forest fires, organic matter decomposition, its anthropogenic resources are fossil fuels and petroleum derivatives. Aquatic ecosystems constitute the final discharge points of PAHs that mix with the atmosphere and soil. The transmission of PAHs accumulated in aquatic organisms to the upper trophic zones through the food chain is transmitted to humans by the consumption of seafood. It is known that there are more than a hundred PAH compounds in the environment, but 16 of them are considered as priority pollutants due to their carcinogenic effects. The Mediterranean is highly vulnerable to these pollutants as it is a sea that is heavily influenced by industrial and agricultural activities and has a limited connection with the ocean. It has been determined that the bioaccumulation of 16 carcinogenic PAH species in some consumable fish and invertebrate species in the Mediterranean poses a potential threat and the importance of risk assessments for human health has been emphasized. In this study, the general characteristics, sources, participation in aquatic ecosystems, accumulation and toxic effects of PAHs and their accumulation in consumable species living in the Mediterranean are presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pollution, Sea food, Mediterranean Sea

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Proje Numarası

-

Teşekkür

-

Kaynakça

• Abdel-Shafy, HI., Mansour, MSM (2016) A review on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Source, environmental impact, effect on human health and remediation. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum 25: 107-123.
• Balcıoğlu, EB., Aksu, A., Bakıs, N., Öztürk, B (2014) T-PAH contamination in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarck, 1819) at various stations of the Turkish Straits System. Marine Pollution Bulletin 88(1-2): 344-346.
• Conte, F., Copat, C., Longo, S., Conti, GO., Grasso, A., Arena, G., Brundo, MV., Ferrante, M (2015) First data on trace elements in Haliotis tuberculata (Linnaeus, 1758) from southern Italy: safety issues. Food Chemical Toxicology 81: 143-150.
• Conte, F., Copat, C., Longo, S., Conti, GO., Grasso, A., Arena, G., Dimartino, A., Brundo, MV., Ferrante, M (2016) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Haliotis tuberculate (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mollusca, Gastropoda): considerations on food safety and source investigation. Food Chemical Toxicology 94: 57-63.
• Conti, GO., Copat, C., Ledda, C., Fiore, M., Fallico, R., Sciacca, S., Ferrante, M (2012) Evaluation of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Mullus barbatus from Sicily Channel and risk-based consumption limits. Bulletin Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 88: 946-950.
• Conti, GO., Copat, C., Wang, Z., D'Agati, P., Cristaldi, A., Ferrante, M (2015) Determination of illegal antimicrobials in aquaculture feed and fish: an ELISA study Food Control 50: 937-941.
• Copat, C., Brundo, MV., Arena, G., Grasso, A., Oliveri Conti, G., Ledda, C., Fallico, R., Sciacca, S., Ferrante, M (2012) Seasonal Variation of Bioaccumulation in Engraulis encrasicolus (Linneaus, 1758) and Related Biomarkers of Exposure. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 86: 31-37.
• Copat, C., Arena, G., Fiore, M., Ledda, C., Fallico, R., Sciacca, S., Ferrante, M (2013) Heavy metals concentrations in fish and shellfish from eastern Mediterranean Sea: consumption advisories. Food Chemical Toxicology 53: 33-37.
• Copat, C., Vinceti, M., D'Agati, MG., Arena, G., Mauceri, V., Grasso, A., Fallico, R., Sciacca, S., Ferrante, M (2014) Mercury and selenium intake by seafood from the Ionian Sea: a risk evaluation. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 100: 87-92.
• Cristaldi, A., Oliveri Conti, G., Jho, EH., Zuccarello, P., Grasso, A., Copat, C., Ferrante, M (2017) Phytoremediation of contaminated soils by heavy metals and PAHs. A brief review. Environmental Technology & Innovation 8: 309-326.
• Di Bella, C., Traina, A., Giosuè, C., Carpintieri, D., Lo Dico, GM, Bellante, A., Del Core, M., Falco, F., Gherardi, S., Uccello, MM. Ferrantelli, V (2020) Heavy Metals and PAHs in Meat, Milk, and Seafood From Augusta Area (Southern Italy): Contamination Levels, Dietary Intake, and Human Exposure Assessment Frontiers in Public Health 8:273.
• Domingo, JL., Martí-Cid, R., Castell, V., Llobet, JM (2008). Human exposure to PBDEs through the diet in Catalonia, Spain: temporal trend. A review of recent literature on dietary PBDE intake. Toxicology 24: 25-32.
• Domingo, JL (2016). Nutrients and chemical pollutants in fish and shellfish. Balancing health benefits and risks of regular fish consumption. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 56, 979-988.
• Ferrante, M., Copat, C., Mauceri, C., Grasso, A., Schilirò, T., Gilli, G (2015) The importance of indicators in monitoring water quality according to European directives. Epidemiologia & Prevenzione 39: 71-75.
• Ferrante, M., Pappalardo, AM., Ferrito, V., Pulvirenti, V., Fruciano, C., Grasso, A., Sciacca, S., Tigano, C., Copat, C (2017) Bioaccumulation of metals and biomarkers of environmental stress in Parablennius sanguinolentus (Pallas, 1814) sampled along the Italian coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin 122: 288-296.
• Ferrante, M., Zanghì, G., Cristaldi, A., Copat, C., Grasso, A., Fiore, M., Signorelli, SS., Zuccarello, P., Conti GO (2018) PAHs in seafood from the Mediterranean Sea: an exposure risk assessment. Food and Chemical Toxicology 115: 385-390.
• IARC (2010). Air Pollution, Part 1, Some Non-heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Some Related Industrial Exposures.
• Lipiatou, E., Tolosa, I., Simó, R., Bouloubassi, I., Dachs, J., Marti, S., Sicre, M-A., Bayona, JM., Grimalt, JO., Saliott, A., Albaiges, J (1997) Mass budget and dynamics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Mediterranean Sea. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 44(3-4): 881-905.
• Moraleda-Cibriàn, N., Carrassón, M., Rosell-Melé, A (2015) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in European hake (Merluccius merluccius) muscle from the Western Mediterranean Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 95(1): 513-519.
• Mzoughi, N., Chouba, L (2012). Heavy Metals and PAH Assessment Based on Mussel Caging in the North Coast of Tunisia (Mediterranean Sea). International Journal of Environmental Research 6(1):109-118.
• Nwaichi, EO., Ntorgbo, SA (2016) Assessment of PAHs levels in some fish and seafood from differentcoastal waters in the Niger Delta. Toxicology Reports 3: 167-172.
• Perugini, M., Visciano, P., Giammarino, A., Manera, M., Di Nardo, W., Amorena, M (2007a) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine organisms from the Adriatic Sea, Italy. Chemosphere 66: 1904–1910.
• Perugini, M., Visciano, P., Manera, M., Turno, G., Lucisano, A., Amorena, M (2007b) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine organisms from the Gulf of naples, Tyrrhenian Sea. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 55: 2049-2054.
• Shen, H., Guan, R., Ding, G., Chen, Q., Lou, X., Chen, Z., Zhang, L., Xing, M., Han, J., Wu, Y (2017) Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Zhejiang foods. Market basket and polluted areas. Science of the Total Environment 574: 120–127.
• Tornero, V, Hanke, G (2016) Chemical contaminants entering the marine environment from sea-based sources: a review with a focus on European Seas. Marine Pollution Bulletin 112: 17-38.
• US-EPA (2000) Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contamination Data for Use in Fish Advisories, vol. II. Risk Assessment and Fish Consumption Limits EPA/823-B94-004. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
• Winquist, E., Björklöf, K., Schultz, E., Räsänen, M., Salonen, K., Anasonye, F., Cajthaml, T., Steffen, KT., Jørgensen, KS., Tuomela, M (2013) Bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soil with fungi - From laboratory to field scale. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 86: 238-247.
• Vecchio, R., Marchese, S., Famoso, F., La Corte, F., Marletta, S., Leanza, G., Zanghì, G., Leanza, V., Intagliata, E (2015) Colorectal cancer in aged patients. Toward the routine treatment through laparoscopic surgical approach. Giorn. Chir. 36(1): 9-14.
• Zanghì, G., Leanza, V., Vecchio, R., D'Agati, A., Cordova, S., Rinzivillo, NMA., Lodato, M., Leanza, G (2017) Neoplastic sigmoid-uterine fistula. An exceptional complication of large intestine cancer. Giorn. Chir. 38 (1): 37-40.