Araştırma Makalesi
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Artificial Intelligence Anxiety in the Context of the Technology Acceptance Model: A Study on Communicatıon Faculty Students

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 , 59 - 95 , 30.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.55055/mekcad.1913633
https://izlik.org/JA24UA58LT

Öz

This study aims to examine the artificial intelligence (AI) anxiety levels among communication faculty students, the future professionals of the media industry, within the context of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected via a questionnaire, and the effects of demographic variables (gender, age, department, income level, AI usage time) on AI anxiety sub-dimensions (Learning, Job Replacement, Sociotechnical Blindness, AI Configuration) were analyzed using independent samples t-test, ANOVA, and Tukey tests. The findings reveal that the analyzed demographic variables create statistically significant differences (p< .05) in anxiety levels. According to the analysis results, female participants exhibited higher anxiety levels within the context of the gender variable; while it was determined that as students' age increases, employment anxiety is replaced by ontological and configurational AI anxiety. Among communication disciplines, Public Relations and Publicity students were found to be the most anxious group regarding professional substitution. Furthermore, contrary to traditional assumptions in the literature, the professional anxiety of participants in the lower-income group was significantly lower than those in higher-income groups. Paradoxically, heavy users of AI tools (5-7 hours daily) exhibited significantly higher levels of unemployment and learning anxiety compared to light users. These paradoxical findings indicate that as communication students' practical experience with generative AI deepens and they realize the transformation of their professions, their perception of technological threat rationally increases.

Kaynakça

  • Amichai-Hamburger, Y. (2009). Technology and psychological well-being. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511581446
  • Akkaya, B., Özkan, A. & Özkan, H. (2021). Yapay Zekâ Kaygı (YZK) Ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Alanya Akademik Bakış, 5 (2), 1125-1146 DOI: 10.29023/alanyaakademik.833668
  • Brosnan, M. J. (1998). Technophobia: The psychological impact of information technology. Routledge.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2006). Veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pagem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with amos: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. New York: Routledge.
  • Creemers, R. (2018). China's social credit system: An evolving practice of control. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3175792
  • Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13 (3), 319-340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
  • Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P. & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science, 35 (8), 982-1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
  • DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale Development: Theory and Applications (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Feng, Q. (2022). Analysis of technological determinism and social constructionism. Proceedings of the 2022 8th International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2022) (1391-1394). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220504.252
  • Fırat, M. (2023). What ChatGPT means for universities: Perceptions of scholars and students. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 6 (1), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2023.6.1.22
  • Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, ıntention and behaviour: An ıntroduction to theory and research. Reading. MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • George, D. & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference, 17.0 update. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Grassini, S. (2023). Shaping the future of education: Exploring the potential and consequences of AI and ChatGPT in educational settings. Education Sciences, 13 (7), 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13070692
  • Ha, J. G., Page, T. & Thorsteinsson, G. (2011). A study on technophobia and mobile device design. International Journal of Contents, 7 (2), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.5392/IJoC.2011.7.2.017
  • Hair, J. F. & J. W. Black & B. J. Babin & E. R. Anderson (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th. Edition). Edinburgh: Pearson Education Limited.
  • Héder, M. (2021). AI and the resurrection of technological determinism. Információs Társadalom, 21 (2), 119-130. https://doi.org/10.22503/inftars.XXI.2021.2.8
  • Johnson, D. G. ve Verdicchio, M. (2017). AI anxiety. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 68 (9), 2267-2270. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23867
  • Kaya, A. Y., Ata, F. & Bursa, A. (2022). İletişim fakülteleri müfredatında dijitalleşme: Gazetecilik ile radyo, sinema ve televizyon bölümü eğitimindeki dijital derslerin analizi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, (39), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.31123/akil.1144098
  • Khasawneh, O. Y., & Bellamy, A. (2014). Technophobia: An exploratory study. Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 11-12.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (5th Edition). New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Kruger, J. & Dunning, D. (1999). Unskilled and unaware of it: How difficulties in recognizing one's own incompetence lead to inflated self-assessments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77 (6), 1121–1134. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1121
  • Kuyucu, M. (2016). Kullanımlar ve doyumlar perspektifinden radyo dinleme alışkanlıkları ve doyumları. Proceedings of SOCIOINT 2016 3rd International Conference on Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, 296- 325.
  • McLuhan, M. (1995). Understanding media: The extensions of man. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • McLuhan, M., & Fiore, Q. (1967). The medium is the massage. London: Penguin Books.
  • Nomura, T., Suzuki, T., Kanda, T. & Kato, K. (2006). Measurement of anxiety toward robots. 15th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN06) (372-377). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2006.314462
  • Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
  • Oksanen, A., Savolainen, I., Savela, N. & Oksanen-Särelä, K. (2020). Artificial intelligence in the workplace: Does AI anxiety exist? Robotics, 9 (4), 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics9040108
  • Özdamar, K. (2002). Paket Programlar ile İstatistiksel Veri Analizi. Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi.
  • Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Making Sense of Cronbach’s Alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd
  • Venkatesh, V. & Davis, F. D. (2000). A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies. Management Science, 46 (2), 186-204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
  • Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B. & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27 (3), 425-478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
  • Wang, Y. Y. & Wang, Y. S. (2019). Development and validation of an artificial intelligence anxiety scale: an initial application in predicting motivated learning behavior. Interactive Learning Environments, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.167488
  • Williams, M. D., Rana, N. P. & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2015). The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT): A literature review. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 28 (3), 443-488. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-09-2014-0088

Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Bağlamında Yapay Zekâ Kaygısı: İletişim Fakültesi Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 , 59 - 95 , 30.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.55055/mekcad.1913633
https://izlik.org/JA24UA58LT

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, geleceğin medya profesyonelleri olan iletişim fakültesi öğrencilerinin yapay zekâ (YZ) kaygı düzeylerini Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (TKM) bağlamında incelemektir. Nicel araştırma tasarımının kullanıldığı çalışmada, veriler anket tekniği ile toplanmış; demografik değişkenlerin (cinsiyet, yaş, bölüm, gelir düzeyi, YZ kullanım süresi) YZ kaygı alt boyutları (Öğrenme, İş Değiştirme, Sosyoteknik Körlük, YZ Yapılandırması) üzerindeki etkisi bağımsız örneklem t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Tukey testleri ile ölçülmüştür. Bulgular; analiz edilen demografik değişkenlerin kaygı üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar (p< .05) olduğunu göstermektedir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, cinsiyet değişkeni bağlamında kadın katılımcıların kaygı düzeyleri daha yüksek bulunurken; öğrencilerin yaşı ilerledikçe istihdam kaygısının yerini ontolojik ve biçimsel YZ kaygısına bıraktığı saptanmıştır. İletişim disiplinleri arasında özellikle Halkla İlişkiler ve Tanıtım Bölümü öğrencilerinin mesleki ikame konusunda fakülte genelindeki en kaygılı grup olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca literatürdeki geleneksel teknoloji kabullerinin aksine, alt gelir grubundaki katılımcıların mesleki kaygılarının üst gelir gruplarına kıyasla daha düşük olduğu ve YZ araçlarını günlük 5-7 saat gibi yoğun bir seviyede kullanan öğrencilerin, az kullananlara oranla işsizlik ve öğrenme kaygılarını anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek hissettikleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu paradoksal bulgular, iletişim öğrencilerinin üretken YZ pratikleri derinleştikçe ve mesleklerinin dönüşümünü fark ettikçe, teknolojik tehdit algılarının da rasyonel bir temelde yükseldiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Amichai-Hamburger, Y. (2009). Technology and psychological well-being. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511581446
  • Akkaya, B., Özkan, A. & Özkan, H. (2021). Yapay Zekâ Kaygı (YZK) Ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Alanya Akademik Bakış, 5 (2), 1125-1146 DOI: 10.29023/alanyaakademik.833668
  • Brosnan, M. J. (1998). Technophobia: The psychological impact of information technology. Routledge.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2006). Veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pagem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with amos: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. New York: Routledge.
  • Creemers, R. (2018). China's social credit system: An evolving practice of control. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3175792
  • Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13 (3), 319-340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
  • Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P. & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science, 35 (8), 982-1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
  • DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale Development: Theory and Applications (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Feng, Q. (2022). Analysis of technological determinism and social constructionism. Proceedings of the 2022 8th International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2022) (1391-1394). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220504.252
  • Fırat, M. (2023). What ChatGPT means for universities: Perceptions of scholars and students. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 6 (1), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2023.6.1.22
  • Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, ıntention and behaviour: An ıntroduction to theory and research. Reading. MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • George, D. & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference, 17.0 update. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Grassini, S. (2023). Shaping the future of education: Exploring the potential and consequences of AI and ChatGPT in educational settings. Education Sciences, 13 (7), 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13070692
  • Ha, J. G., Page, T. & Thorsteinsson, G. (2011). A study on technophobia and mobile device design. International Journal of Contents, 7 (2), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.5392/IJoC.2011.7.2.017
  • Hair, J. F. & J. W. Black & B. J. Babin & E. R. Anderson (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th. Edition). Edinburgh: Pearson Education Limited.
  • Héder, M. (2021). AI and the resurrection of technological determinism. Információs Társadalom, 21 (2), 119-130. https://doi.org/10.22503/inftars.XXI.2021.2.8
  • Johnson, D. G. ve Verdicchio, M. (2017). AI anxiety. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 68 (9), 2267-2270. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23867
  • Kaya, A. Y., Ata, F. & Bursa, A. (2022). İletişim fakülteleri müfredatında dijitalleşme: Gazetecilik ile radyo, sinema ve televizyon bölümü eğitimindeki dijital derslerin analizi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, (39), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.31123/akil.1144098
  • Khasawneh, O. Y., & Bellamy, A. (2014). Technophobia: An exploratory study. Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 11-12.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (5th Edition). New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Kruger, J. & Dunning, D. (1999). Unskilled and unaware of it: How difficulties in recognizing one's own incompetence lead to inflated self-assessments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77 (6), 1121–1134. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1121
  • Kuyucu, M. (2016). Kullanımlar ve doyumlar perspektifinden radyo dinleme alışkanlıkları ve doyumları. Proceedings of SOCIOINT 2016 3rd International Conference on Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, 296- 325.
  • McLuhan, M. (1995). Understanding media: The extensions of man. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • McLuhan, M., & Fiore, Q. (1967). The medium is the massage. London: Penguin Books.
  • Nomura, T., Suzuki, T., Kanda, T. & Kato, K. (2006). Measurement of anxiety toward robots. 15th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN06) (372-377). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2006.314462
  • Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
  • Oksanen, A., Savolainen, I., Savela, N. & Oksanen-Särelä, K. (2020). Artificial intelligence in the workplace: Does AI anxiety exist? Robotics, 9 (4), 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics9040108
  • Özdamar, K. (2002). Paket Programlar ile İstatistiksel Veri Analizi. Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi.
  • Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Making Sense of Cronbach’s Alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd
  • Venkatesh, V. & Davis, F. D. (2000). A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies. Management Science, 46 (2), 186-204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
  • Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B. & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27 (3), 425-478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
  • Wang, Y. Y. & Wang, Y. S. (2019). Development and validation of an artificial intelligence anxiety scale: an initial application in predicting motivated learning behavior. Interactive Learning Environments, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.167488
  • Williams, M. D., Rana, N. P. & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2015). The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT): A literature review. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 28 (3), 443-488. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-09-2014-0088
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İletişim Çalışmaları, İletişim Teknolojisi ve Dijital Medya Çalışmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Deniz Yaman 0000-0002-3916-8244

Seyhan Aksoy 0000-0001-5167-5866

Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Mart 2026
Kabul Tarihi 14 Nisan 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.55055/mekcad.1913633
IZ https://izlik.org/JA24UA58LT
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yaman, D., & Aksoy, S. (2026). Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Bağlamında Yapay Zekâ Kaygısı: İletişim Fakültesi Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Medya ve Kültürel Çalışmalar Dergisi, 8(1), 59-95. https://doi.org/10.55055/mekcad.1913633