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Yıl 2013, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 435 - 448, 05.08.2013

İlke Evin Gencel , Arzu Güngör Leushuis

Öz

Is It Possible Open Classrooms Are an Old-Fashioned Innovation? An Example from the USA. Until 1950s, teaching-learning process was teacher-centered and based on listening. From the end of the 1950s, open classrooms have emerged as a reform movement by the impact of the progressivism education philosophy. Open classrooms are not divided by walls and doors, and there is no evidence that implementation has been tried in Turkey. Additionally, there is no information in Turkish literature about open classrooms. In this study it was aimed that contributing Turkish literature about open classrooms and determining views of elementary school teachers which are performing open classes, about this implementation in ABD. The phenomenological method was used which is the one of the qualitative research methods. The data have been obtained via semi-structured interviews and were analyzed with the inductive content analysis. The teacher’s views were collected under the three titles: student, teacher and learning environment. The teachers were generally agree that, there are positive effects on students of open classrooms, besides they had expressed that there are some difficulties in terms of teacher and learning environment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Open classroom open school open classroom from the USA.

Kaynakça

  • Abriox, D.&Ferreira, F. (2009). Perspectives on distance education open schooling in the 21 st century. Commonwealth of Learning, Vancouver.
  • Asher, W., & Hynes, K. (1982). Methodological weaknesses in an evaluation of open education. Journal of Experimental Education, 51(1), 2-7.
  • Bader, C. H. & Blackmon, C. R. (1978). Open education: A review of the literature, Research Report, V 8, N 1.
  • Bennett, N., Jordan, J., Long, G., & Wade, B. (1976). Teaching styles and pupil progress. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Barth, R. (1972). Open education and the American school. New York: Agathon.
  • Caliste, E. R. (1979). Students adjustment from open to structured schools. Contemporary Education, 50, 138-145.
  • Caliste, E. R. (1981). A one-year follow-up student adjustment from open to structured schools. Peabody Journal of Education, 58 (4), 193-199.
  • Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Cuban, L. (2004). What happened to the open school, Education Next, Spring, 69-71.
  • Elias, S.F.&Elias, J.W. (1978). Open education and teacher attitudes toward openness: The impact on students. Education, 99 (2), 208-214.
  • Greenland, E., Shield, B. & Dockrell, J. (2009). Control of noise for speech intelligibility in open classrooms. 8 th European Conference on Noise Control, 26-28 October, Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics, 31 (3), 976.
  • Gulley, B.&Norwood,E.(1976). Critical aspects of the open classroom. Education, 96 (3), 207-208.
  • Harrison, A., Strauss, H.&Glaubman, R. (1981). Who benefits from the open classroom? The interaction of social baskground with class setting. The Journal of Educational Research, 75 (2), 87-94.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, M. A. (1994). An expanded sourcebook qualitative data analysis. London: Sage.
  • Henderson, D. L. & Maddux C. D. (1982). Open concept schools: Popularity, disillusionment, and attitudes. Education, 103 (2), 183-85.
  • Marshall, H. H. (1981). Open classrooms: Has the term outlived its usefulness? Review of Educational Research, 51, 181-192. Muijs, D. (2004). Doing Quantitative Research in Education with SPSS. Sage Publications, London.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods, (3rd Edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Rothenberg, J. (1989). The open classroom reconsidered. The Elementary School Journal, 90 (1), 68-86.
  • Ravitch, D. (1983). The troubled crusade. New York: Basic.
  • Raywid, M. A. (1981). The first decade of public school alternatives. Phi Delta Kappa, 62, 551-554.
  • Runions, T. (1980). The mentor academy program: Educating the gifted/talented for the 80’s. Gifted Child Quarterly, 24 (4), 152-1
  • Salz, Arthur E. (1974). The truly open classroom. The Phi Delta Kappa International, 55 (6), 388-390.
  • Schubert, N. A. & Baxter, B. M. (1982). The self-contained open classroom as a viable learning environment. Education, 102 (4), 411-415.
  • Shield, B., Greenland, E.&Dockrell, J. (2010). Noise in open plan classrooms in primary schools: A review. Noise&Health, 12 (49), 225-234.
  • Simoes, A. (1976). The myth of the open classroom. Education, 97 (2), 183-186.
  • Smith, C. (2005). Design for educationally appropriate acoustic characteristics in open plan schools. Research Report to Scottish Executive, Scotland.
  • Tyack, D. B., Kirst, M. W., & Hansot, E. (1980). Educational reform: Retrospect and prospect. Teachers College Record, 81(3), 253-269.
  • Walberg, H. J. (1984). Improving the productivity of America's schools. Educational Leadership, 41(8), 19-27.
  • Weinstein, C. S. (1977). Modifying student behavior in an open classroom through changes in the physical design. American Educational Research Journal, 14 (3), 249-262
  • Wright, R. J. (1975). The affective and cognitive consequences of an open education elementary school. American Educational Research Journal, 12, 449-465.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve H. Şimşek (2006). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri.(6. Basım). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.

Açık Sınıflar Eski Moda Bir Yenilik Olabilir mi?: ABD’den Bir Uygulama Örneği

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 435 - 448, 05.08.2013

İlke Evin Gencel , Arzu Güngör Leushuis

Öz

Özet: 1950’li yıllara kadar  öğrenme-öğretme sürecinin öğretmen merkezli ve dinlemeye dayalı olduğu görülmektedir. 1950’li yılların sonundan  itibaren  açık sınıflar, ilerlemecilik eğitim felsefesinin etkisiyle eğitimde bir reform hareketi olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Sınıfların duvar veya kapılarla bölünmediği açık sınıf uygulamasının Türkiye’de denendiği yönünde herhangi bir bulguya rastlanmamıştır. Yanısıra açık sınıflar hakkında Türkçe alanyazın bilgisine de ulaşılamamıştır. Bu çalışmada açık sınıflar hakkında Türkçe literatüre katkıda bulunmak ve ABD’de bir açık sınıflı  ilkokulda görevli öğretmenlerin bu uygulamaya ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim desenindedir. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerden elde edilmiş ve tümevarımcı içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Öğretmen görüşlerinin öğrenci, öğretmen ve öğrenme ortamı başlıklarında toplandığı görülmüştür. Öğretmenler açık sınıf uygulamasının öğrenci üzerindeki etkilerinin olumluluğu konusunda genel olarak hemfikir olmuşlar, öğretmen ve öğrenme ortamı bakımından bazı güçlüklerin bulunduğunu ifade etmişlerdir.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Açık sınıf, açık okul, ABD’de açık sınıf.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Açık sınıf açık okul ABD’de açık sınıf.

Kaynakça

  • Abriox, D.&Ferreira, F. (2009). Perspectives on distance education open schooling in the 21 st century. Commonwealth of Learning, Vancouver.
  • Asher, W., & Hynes, K. (1982). Methodological weaknesses in an evaluation of open education. Journal of Experimental Education, 51(1), 2-7.
  • Bader, C. H. & Blackmon, C. R. (1978). Open education: A review of the literature, Research Report, V 8, N 1.
  • Bennett, N., Jordan, J., Long, G., & Wade, B. (1976). Teaching styles and pupil progress. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Barth, R. (1972). Open education and the American school. New York: Agathon.
  • Caliste, E. R. (1979). Students adjustment from open to structured schools. Contemporary Education, 50, 138-145.
  • Caliste, E. R. (1981). A one-year follow-up student adjustment from open to structured schools. Peabody Journal of Education, 58 (4), 193-199.
  • Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Cuban, L. (2004). What happened to the open school, Education Next, Spring, 69-71.
  • Elias, S.F.&Elias, J.W. (1978). Open education and teacher attitudes toward openness: The impact on students. Education, 99 (2), 208-214.
  • Greenland, E., Shield, B. & Dockrell, J. (2009). Control of noise for speech intelligibility in open classrooms. 8 th European Conference on Noise Control, 26-28 October, Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics, 31 (3), 976.
  • Gulley, B.&Norwood,E.(1976). Critical aspects of the open classroom. Education, 96 (3), 207-208.
  • Harrison, A., Strauss, H.&Glaubman, R. (1981). Who benefits from the open classroom? The interaction of social baskground with class setting. The Journal of Educational Research, 75 (2), 87-94.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, M. A. (1994). An expanded sourcebook qualitative data analysis. London: Sage.
  • Henderson, D. L. & Maddux C. D. (1982). Open concept schools: Popularity, disillusionment, and attitudes. Education, 103 (2), 183-85.
  • Marshall, H. H. (1981). Open classrooms: Has the term outlived its usefulness? Review of Educational Research, 51, 181-192. Muijs, D. (2004). Doing Quantitative Research in Education with SPSS. Sage Publications, London.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods, (3rd Edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Rothenberg, J. (1989). The open classroom reconsidered. The Elementary School Journal, 90 (1), 68-86.
  • Ravitch, D. (1983). The troubled crusade. New York: Basic.
  • Raywid, M. A. (1981). The first decade of public school alternatives. Phi Delta Kappa, 62, 551-554.
  • Runions, T. (1980). The mentor academy program: Educating the gifted/talented for the 80’s. Gifted Child Quarterly, 24 (4), 152-1
  • Salz, Arthur E. (1974). The truly open classroom. The Phi Delta Kappa International, 55 (6), 388-390.
  • Schubert, N. A. & Baxter, B. M. (1982). The self-contained open classroom as a viable learning environment. Education, 102 (4), 411-415.
  • Shield, B., Greenland, E.&Dockrell, J. (2010). Noise in open plan classrooms in primary schools: A review. Noise&Health, 12 (49), 225-234.
  • Simoes, A. (1976). The myth of the open classroom. Education, 97 (2), 183-186.
  • Smith, C. (2005). Design for educationally appropriate acoustic characteristics in open plan schools. Research Report to Scottish Executive, Scotland.
  • Tyack, D. B., Kirst, M. W., & Hansot, E. (1980). Educational reform: Retrospect and prospect. Teachers College Record, 81(3), 253-269.
  • Walberg, H. J. (1984). Improving the productivity of America's schools. Educational Leadership, 41(8), 19-27.
  • Weinstein, C. S. (1977). Modifying student behavior in an open classroom through changes in the physical design. American Educational Research Journal, 14 (3), 249-262
  • Wright, R. J. (1975). The affective and cognitive consequences of an open education elementary school. American Educational Research Journal, 12, 449-465.
  • Yıldırım, A. ve H. Şimşek (2006). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri.(6. Basım). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

İlke Evin Gencel

Arzu Güngör Leushuis Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Ağustos 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Evin Gencel, İ., & Güngör Leushuis, A. (2013). Açık Sınıflar Eski Moda Bir Yenilik Olabilir mi?: ABD’den Bir Uygulama Örneği. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 435-448. https://doi.org/10.17860/efd.55737

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