Konuşma Çözümlemesi Yöntemi

Öz

Bu makale, sosyal bilimlerin bir çok alanında yaygın bir şekilde kullanılan Konuşma Çözümlemesi (KÇ) yöntemini ve bazı çalışma alanlarını tanıtmaktadır. KÇ yöntemi, etkileşime getirdiği mikro-analitik ve dizisel bakış açısı ile toplumbilim, insanbilim, ruhbilim, (uygulamalı) dilbilim gibi disiplinler içerisinde kendisine önemli bir yer edinmiştir. Bu disiplinler arası bağ, KÇ yönteminin toplumsal etkileşimin olduğu her alanda kullanılabilmesini sağlamış; sınıf etkileşimi, hasta-doktor etkileşimi, mahkeme konuşmaları gibi bir çok araştırma konusunun oluşumunda önemli rol oynamıştır. Makalenin ana amacı, kapsamlı bir derleme ile KÇ’nin ilkelerini, veri toplama süreçlerini, dizi düzeni ve onarım gibi çözümleme ulamlarını tanıtmaktır. İkinci amaç ise, ses ve görüntü verisinden elde edilmiş Türkçe doğal konuşma örneklerinin çözümlemelerini  kullanarak, KÇ’nin uygulamalarını mikro-analitik ve dizisel olarak göstermektir. Bu çözümlemeler, günlük konuşmaların dinamiklerinin ortaya çıkarılmasına ek olarak, KÇ yönteminin Türkiye’de hasta-doktor etkileşimi, dil sınıflarındaki etkileşim ve öğretmen yetiştirme gibi alanlara önemli katkı sağlama potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Budunyöntembilimsel KÇ’nin Türkçe terimlerini belirleyecek bu kapsamlı derleme çalışması, Türkiye’de genel olarak toplum bilimleri alanında çalışan araştırmacılara yeni araştırma alanları açmayı, alanda yöntemsel bir değişim ve gelişime yön vermeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Konuşma Çözümlemesi, etkileşimde konuşma, dizisel düzen, uygulamalı dilbilim, mesleki etkileşim

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Konuşma Çözümlemesi, etkileşimde konuşma, dizisel düzen, uygulamalı dilbilim, mesleki etkileşim

Kaynakça

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133. Çevriyazı Simgeleri ve Anlamları (Jefferson’a [2004] dayanarak hazırlanmıştır.) Simge Adı Anlamı [ ] Örtüşme
134. Örtüşmenin başlangıç [ ve bitiş ] noktalarını belirtir. = Mandallama
135. Sözcenin boşluk bırakmadan bir önceki sözceyi
136. takip etmesini belirtir. (.) Anlık duraklama
137. 2 saniye ve altındaki anlık duraklamaları belirtir.
138. Parantez içerisinde nokta yerine sayı belirtilmesiyle
139. de duraklamanın tam olarak uzunluğu ifade edilir. . ↓ Düşen tonlama
140. Tonlamanın ya da sesin düşüşünü belirtir. ? ↑ Yükselen tonlama
141. Tonlamanın ya da sesin yükselişini belirtir. - Kesme
142. Konuşmanın ani bir şekilde kesilmesini belirtir. > < Hızlı konuşma
143. Büyüktür simgesi ile küçüktür simgesi arasındaki
144. çeviriler konuşmanın normalden daha hızlı
145. gerçekleştiğini belirtir. < > Yavaş konuşma
146. Küçüktür simgesi ile büyüktür simgesi arasındaki
147. çeviriler konuşmanın normalden daha yavaş
148. gerçekleştiğini belirtir. ° ° Düşük ses
149. Derece simgeleri arasında çevrilen konuşmalar
150. yumuşak, kısık veya düşük bir ses kullanıldığını belirtir. ABC Yüksek ses
151. Büyük harflerle çevrilen konuşma bölümleri
152. normalden oldukça yüksek bir ses kullanıldığını belirtir. abc Vurgu
153. Çevirinin altı çizili bölümleri konuşmada vurgu
154. yapılan bölümleri belirtir. ::: Uzatma
155. Her bir iki nokta üst üste ilgili sesin 0.2 saniyelik
156. uzatılmasını belirtir. hhh Nefes verme
157. h harfleri duyulabilir nefes verme sesini belirtir ve
158. sesin devam ettiği oranda harf sayısı artabilir. .hh Nefes alma
159. Noktayı takip eden h harfi duyulabilir nefes alma
160. sesini belirtir ve sesin devam ettiği oranda harf sayısı artabilir. ( ) Anlaşılması konuşma anlayamadığı içerisinde belirtilir. bölümleri parantez (( )) Çevriyazı yorumları oluşturan kişinin yorum eklemesini gerektiren konuşma bölümlerini belirtir. SÖZLÜKÇE
161. Türkçeleştirilmiş Konuşma Çözümlemesi Terimleri (alfabetik olarak
162. sıralanmıştır.) Özgün Adı Türkçesi Özgün Adı Türkçesi social action sosyal eylem intersubjectivity öznelerarasılık
163. social interaction sosyal etkileşim
164. known-information question sorusu task-oriented görev-odaklı
165. learning behavior tracking takibi repair konum onarımı markedness belirtisellik token işaret marker belirtici transcription çevriyazı meaning-and-fluency
166. anlam-ve-akıcılık transition
167. relevance place nokta (GUN)
168. *CA-for-SLA (conversation analysis for second language acquisition
169. **KÇ-İDE (ikinci dil ediniminde konuşma çözümlemesi)