Farklı renkteki malçların çilekte yabancı ot yoğunluğu ve çilek verimi üzerine etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, 2022-2024 yıllarında Adana ili Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü çilek yetiştiriciliği alanında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemede; yedi farklı renkteki (Kırmızı, Mavi, Pembe, Sarı, Yeşil, Gri ve Kahverengi) ayrıca ticari ve yaygın olarak kullanılan Siyah (Kontrol) polietilen malç materyallerinin yabancı ot yoğunluğu ve çilek verimine olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Açık alan denemeleri, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuş ve yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, farklı renkteki malç materyallerinin yabancı ot genel kaplama alanı (%) ve yoğunluğu (adet m-2), yabancı ot yaş ve kuru ağırlığının (g m-2) yanı sıra çilek verimi (g bitki-1) ile meyve ağırlığı (g meyve-1) özellikleri de incelenmiştir. İklime ve ekolojiye bağlı olarak Siyah malç (yoğunluk ortalamalası 3.75 adet m-2; kuru ağırlık ortalaması 35.00 g m-2) yanında koyu renklerden Kahverengi (2.75 adet m-2; 22.50 g m-2) ve Gri (7.00 adet m-2; 30.00 g m-2) renkli polietilen malçların çilek yetiştiriciliğinde rahatlıkla kullanılabileceği, koyu renkler haricinde Mavi renkli (8.00 adet m-2; 37.50 g m-2) malçın da yabancı ot kontrolünde koyu renklerle benzer etkiyi gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Ayrıca yabancı ot mücadelesinde Siyah renk kadar etkili olduğu belirlenen bu malçların çilek verimini Mavide %59.10, Kahverengide %11.73 ve Gride %6.61 oranında arttırdığı bulunmuştur. Çilek meyve ağırlığı yönünden ise Kırmızı malç (%56.10) materyali en iyi performansı göstermiştir. Elde edilen veriler, Akdeniz iklimine sahip çilek yetiştirilen alanlarda farklı renkteki polietilen malçların siyah malça alternatif olabileceği sonucunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alternatif mücadele
• İnorganik materyal
• Malçlama
• Verim
• yabancı ot yönetimi

The effect of different coloured mulches on weed density and strawberry yield in strawberry

Abstract

This study was conducted in the strawberry cultivation field of the Faculty of Horticultural Department, Çukurova University, Adana, during the period 2022-2024. The experiment investigated the effects of seven different coloured polyethylene mulches (Red, Blue, Pink, Yellow, Green, Grey and Brown) and commercially used Black polyethylene mulch (control) on weed density and strawberry yield. Field trials were set up and conducted in a randomised complete block design with three replications. The study evaluated overall coverage (%), density (plants m-2) and fresh and dry biomass (g m-2) of weeds, as well as strawberry yield (g plant-1) and fruit weight (g fruit-1). The results showed that, depending on the climate and ecology, dark-coloured mulches such as Brown (2.75 plants m-2; 22.50 g m-2) and Grey (7.00 plants m-2; 30.00 g m-2) polyethylene can be used effectively in strawberry cultivation alongside Black mulch (density averages 3.75 plants m-2; dry biomass averages 35.00 g m-2). Blue mulch (8.00 plants m-2; 37.50 g m-2) was found to be as effective as the dark-coloured mulches in controlling weeds. In addition, mulches that were as effective as Black in controlling weeds were found to increase strawberry yield by 59.10% in Blue, 11.73% in Brown and 6.61% in Grey. . In terms of fruit weight, the Red mulch (56.10%) showed the best performance. The data suggest that different coloured polyethylene mulches could be viable alternatives to Black mulch in strawberry growing areas with a Mediterranean climate.

Keywords

• Alternative control
• Inorganic material
• Mulching
• Yield
• Weed management

Kaynakça

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