Gıda kaynaklı protein ve biyoaktif peptit eldesi, saflaştırılması ve karakterizasyonunda kullanılan güncel yöntemler ve biyoinformatik yaklaşımlar

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 395 - 407, 15.04.2023

Canan Kartal , Bahar Bakar , Burcu Kaplan Türköz , Semih Ötleş

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1177148

Öz

Günümüzde, beslenme alışkanlıkları ile insan sağlığı arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya konulması özellikle gıda kaynaklı biyoaktif bileşenleri hedef alan çalışmaların giderek artmasına sebep olmaktadır. Gıda kaynaklı peptitler ise sahip oldukları potansiyel biyoaktivite ile araştırmacılar için oldukça önemli bir alan olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Biyoaktif peptitler, birçok sağlık etkisine sahip olan spesifik amino asit dizileridir ve sindirim enzimleri, proteolitik enzimler veya fermantasyon sonucu gerçekleşen protein hidrolizi ile ortaya çıkmaktadır. Protein hidrolizatları ve peptitlerin elde edilmesinde geleneksel hidroliz metotlarının yanı sıra birçok yeni teknoloji kullanılmakta, saflaştırılması aşamasında ise yeni membran ve kromatografi yöntemlerinden faydalanılmaktadır. Biyoaktivitesi tespit edilen peptitlerin amino asit dizileri ise çeşitli kütle spektrometresi yöntemleri ile belirlenmektedir. Bununla beraber, biyoaktif peptit tahminlemesi, tanımlanması, amino asit dizisi belirlenmesi ve karakterizasyonu amacıyla çok sayıda biyoinformatik araç geliştirilmiştir. Mevcut derleme, gıda kaynaklı protein ve hidrolizat eldesi, peptit ayrıştırılması, saflaştırılması ve yapısal karakterizasyonu için kullanılmakta olan deneysel ve biyoinformatik yöntemlerin geniş bir literatür özetini sunmayı hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

protein, biyoaktif peptit, ekstraksiyon, karakterizasyon, biyoinformatik

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

117O319

Teşekkür

Mevcut derleme, TÜBİTAK-TOVAG (117O319) projesi kapsamında hazırlanmıştır.

Current methods used in the production, purification and characterization of food-derived proteins and bioactive peptides and bioinformatics approaches

Öz

Nowadays, the revealing of the relationship between nutritional habits and human health causes an increase in the studies targeting especially food-derived bioactive components. Food-derived peptides, on the other hand, have emerged as a very important area for researchers with their potential bioactivity. Bioactive peptides are specific amino acid sequences that have many health effects, and they may occur as a result of protein hydrolysis with digestive enzymes, proteolytic enzymes or fermentation. In addition to traditional hydrolysis methods, many new technologies are used in the production of protein hydrolysates and peptides, and also in the purification phase, new membrane and chromatography methods are used. The amino acid sequences of the peptides whose bioactivity is detected, are determined by various mass spectrometry methods. In addition, many bioinformatics tools have been developed for the prediction, identification, determination of amino acid sequence and characterization of bioactive peptides. This review aims to present a broad literature review of experimental and bioinformatics methods for the obtaining of food-derived protein and hydrolysate, peptide separation, purification and structural characterization.

Anahtar Kelimeler

protein, bioactive peptide, extraction, characterization, bioinformatics

Proje Numarası

117O319

Kaynakça

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