THE EFFECT OF BUSINESS SIZE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGILITY AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 125 - 143, 03.07.2024

Murat Uzunlu , İsmail Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.52122/nisantasisbd.1456572

Öz

In today's fast-changing, dynamic, and uncertain business world, only with agility can enterprises quickly adapt to market conditions and gain competitive advantage. The connection between agility and competitive advantage is a topic worth exploring. The purpose of this study is to explore the link between firm agility and competitive advantage and the moderating effect of firm size on this link. When collecting data, the focus was on people in key positions who were involved in the strategic decision-making process and held business management positions in Istanbul and Kocaeli. As part of the data collection process, a survey design study was first conducted and approved by the ethics committee of Istanbul Gedik University. The collected data had high Cronbach's alpha value reliability, but since it did not obey the normal distribution, non-parametric statistical methods were used in the study. The results indicate a moderate positive relationship between agility and competitive advantage (Spearman correlation coefficient: 0.544, p<0.005). The study found that company size has a moderating effect on this relationship. The link between agility and competitive advantage is stronger for large companies than for small and medium-sized companies. There are statistically significant differences in competitive advantage between companies of different sizes, but no such differences are observed in agility. These results support the business literature on the impact of firm size on agility and competitive advantage.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Agility, Competitive Advantage, Company Size, Strategic Management

ÇEVİKLİK VE REKABET AVANTAJI İLİŞKİSİNDE İŞLETME BÜYÜKLÜĞÜNÜN ETKİSİ

Öz

Günümüzün hızla değişen, dinamik ve belirsiz iş dünyasında, işletmelerin pazar koşullarına hızla uyum sağlamaları ve rekabetçi bir üstünlük elde etmeleri, ancak çevik olmaları ile mümkündür. Çeviklik ve rekabet avantajı arasındaki ilişki araştırmaya değer bir konudur. Bu çalışma, işletmelerde çeviklik ile rekabet avantajı arasındaki ilişkiyi ve işletme büyüklüğünün bu ilişki üzerindeki düzenleyici etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmaya yönelik veriler, İstanbul ve Kocaeli'nde konuşlu işletmelerde stratejik karar alma süreçlerinde yer alan yönetici pozisyonundaki çalışanlardan anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Veri toplama sürecinde öncelikle anket tasarım çalışması yapılmış ve İstanbul Gedik Üniversitesinin Etik Kurul onayı alınmıştır. Toplanan veriler güvenilirlik düzeyi yüksek Cronbach Alpha değerine sahiptir. Toplanan veriler normal dağılım özelliği göstermediğinden, çalışmada parametrik olmayan istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Bulgular çeviklik ile rekabet avantajı arasında orta düzeyde pozitif bir ilişkiye işaret etmektedir (Spearman korelasyon katsayısı: 0.544, p<0.005). İşletme büyüklüğünün bu ilişkide düzenleyici etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çeviklik ve rekabet avantajı arasındaki ilişki büyük işletmelerde, küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelere göre daha güçlüdür. Farklı büyüklükteki işletmeler arasında rekabet avantajı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiş ancak, çeviklik açısından böyle bir farklılık bulunamamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çeviklik, Rekabet Avantajı, İşletme Büyüklüğü, Stratejik Yönetim

Kaynakça

• Babbie, E. (2016). The practice of social research. Cengage Learning.
• Breiman, L. (2001). Random forests. Machine Learning, 45(1), 5-32.
• Chandy, R. K., & Tellis, G. J. (2000). The incumbent's advantage: Turning new products into winners. Harvard Business Review, 78(1), 51-59.
• Chen, C. (2019). Developing a model for supply chain agility and innovativeness to enhance firms’ competitive advantage. Management Decision, 57(7), 1511-1534. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-12-2017-1236
• Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (3rd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum.
• Conover, W. J. (1999). Practical nonparametric statistics (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
• Corder, G. W., & Foreman, D. I. (2014). Nonparametric statistics for non-statisticians: A step-by-step approach. Wiley.
• Drucker, P. F. (1985). Innovation and entrepreneurship. Harper & Row.
• Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Making fast strategic decisions in high-velocity environments. Academy of Management Journal, 32(3), 543-576.
• Eisenhardt, K. M., & Martin, J. A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: What are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21(10/11), 1105-1121.
• Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. Sage.
• Ganguly, A., Nilchiani, R., & Farr, J. V. (2009). Evaluating agility in corporate enterprises. International Journal of Production Economics, 118(2), 410-423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.12.009
• George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update (10th ed.). Pearson.
• Healey, J. F. (2015). The essentials of statistics: A tool for social research. Cengage Learning.
• Hemmati, M., Feiz, D., Jalilvand, M. R., & Kholghi, I. (2016). Development of fuzzy two-stage DEA model for competitive advantage based on RBV and strategic agility as a dynamic capability. Journal of Modelling in Management, 11(1), 288-308.
• Hollander, M., Wolfe, D. A., & Chicken, E. (2013). Nonparametric statistical methods (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
• Hu, Y., Zhang, Y., & Li, Y. (2022). The influence of knowledge management capacities on pharmaceutical firms' competitive advantage: The mediating role of supply chain agility and moderating role of inter-functional integration. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, Article 953478. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.953478
• Leonard-Barton, D. (1992). Core capabilities and core rigidities: A paradox in managing new product development. Strategic Management Journal, 13(S1), 111-125. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250131009
• Liaw, A., & Wiener, M. (2002). Classification and regression by randomForest. R News, 2(3), 18-22.
• Liu, C., Shang, K., Lirn, T., Lai, K., & Lun, Y. (2018). Supply chain resilience, firm performance, and management policies in the liner shipping industry. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 110, 202-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.02.004
• McClave, J. T., Benson, P. G., & Sincich, T. (2011). Statistics for business and economics. Pearson.
• Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
• Ofoegbu, O., & Akanbi, P. A. (2012). The influence of strategic agility on the perceived performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER), 11(2), 153. https://doi.org/10.19030/iber.v11i2.6769
• Oyedijo, A. (2012). Strategic agility and competitive performance in the Nigerian telecommunication industry: An empirical investigation. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 2(3), 227-237.
• Özkan, Ç. (2019). Rekabet avantajı açısından tedarik zinciri dayanıklılığı, tedarik zinciri bütünleşmesi ve yeşil pazarlama yönelimi ilişkileri üzerine bir araştırma (Doctoral dissertation). Marmara Üniversitesi.
• Papadas, K. K., Avlonitis, G. J., & Carrigan, M. (2018). The interplay of strategic and internal green marketing orientation on competitive advantage. Journal of Business Research.
• Porter, M. E. (1985). Competitive advantage: Creating and sustaining superior performance. The Free Press.
• Razali, N. M., & Wah, Y. B. (2011). Power comparisons of Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Lilliefors and Anderson-Darling tests. Journal of Statistical Modeling and Analytics, 2(1), 21-33.
• Qosasi, A., Permana, E., Muftiadi, A., Purnomo, M., & Maulina, E. (2019). Building SMEs’ competitive advantage and the organizational agility of apparel retailers in Indonesia: The role of ICT as an initial trigger. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 21(1), 69.
• Santa, R., Ferrer, M., Tegethoff, T., & Scavarda, A. (2022). An investigation of the impact of human capital and supply chain competitive drivers on firm performance in a developing country. PLOS ONE, 17(12), e0274592. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274592
• SEVGEN, S. C., & ALİEFENDİOĞLU, Y. (2020). Mass appraisal with a machine learning algorithm: Random forest regression. Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi, 13(3), 301-311.
• Sharifi, H., & Zhang, Z. (1999). A methodology for achieving agility in manufacturing organizations: An introduction. International Journal of Production Economics, 62(1-2), 7-22.
• Shapiro, S. S., & Wilk, M. B. (1965). An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples). Biometrika, 52(3/4), 591-611.
• Strobl, C., Boulesteix, A.-L., Zeileis, A., & Hothorn, T. (2007). Bias in random forest variable importance measures: Illustrations, sources and a solution. BMC Bioinformatics, 8, 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-8-25
• Sull, D. N. (2009). Why good companies go bad and how great managers remake them. Harvard Business Review, 87(7/8), 52-59.
• Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Understanding Cronbach's alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53-55. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd
• Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509-533.
• Teece, D. J. (2014). A dynamic capabilities-based entrepreneurial theory of the multinational enterprise. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(1), 8-37. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2013.54
• Zahra, S. A., & George, G. (2002). Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. The Academy of Management Review, 27(2), 185-203.
• Zar, J. H. (2010). Biostatistical analysis. Pearson Prentice Hall.
• Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli İşletmeleri Geliştirme ve Destekleme İdaresi Başkanlığı (KOSGEB). (2023, Mayıs 26). KOBİ tanımı güncellendi. https://www.kosgeb.gov.tr/site/tr/genel/detay/8807/kobi-tanimi-guncellendi
• İstanbul Ticaret Odası. (t.y.). Meslek gruplarına göre üye istatistikleri. https://bilgibankasi.ito.org.tr/tr/bilgi-bankasi/firma-istatistikleri/meslek-gruplarina-gore-uye