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Adapting Entrepreneurial Potential Assessment Inventory (EPAI) to Turkish and Its Psychometric Properties

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 609 - 625, 28.11.2017

Öz



Entrepreneurship has attracted considerable attention
over the last few years in the world and Turkey. Basically, it is thought to
start trading activity, taking a certain risk with the aim of making a profit.
In recent years, it has been added to the literature that entrepreneurial
potential must first exist in order for entrepreneurship to emerge. This study
aims to translate into Turkish the Entrepreneurial Potential Assessment
Inventory (EPAI), developed by Santos, Caetano and Curral, (2014), to measure
entrepreneurial potential. For this purpose, EPAI has been translated into
Turkish, structure, content validity analysis has been made and its reliability
has been analyzed. As a result of the analysis of EPAI-TR, it was observed
that, the basic form with 54 items could be collected in 44 items (11
dimensions). Analyzes made show that EPAI-TR can be used as a valid and
reliable inventory in Turkish, together with the sub-dimensions of the
inventories, providing the validity of the structure.




Kaynakça

  • Altinay, L., Madanoglu, M., Daniele, R., & Lashley, C. (2012). The influence of family tradition and psychological traits on entrepreneurial intention. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31, 489– 499.
  • Aparicio, S., Urbano, D., & Audretsch, D. (2016). Institutional factors, opportunity entrepreneurship and economic growth: Panel data evidence . Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 102, 45-61.
  • Baum, J. R., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of entrepreneurial traits, skill, and motivation to subsequent venture growth. . Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 587.
  • Berglann, H., Moen, E. R., Røed, K., & Skogstrøm, J. F. (2011). Entrepreneurship: Origins and returns. Labour economics, 18(2), 180-193.
  • Bozkurt, Ö. &. (2013). Girişimci kişilik özelliklerinin girişimcilik eğilimindeki etkisi: potansiyel girişimciler üzerinde bir araştırma. . Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 8(2), 57-78.
  • Bozkurt, Ö. Ç., & Alparslan, A. M. (2013). Girişimcilerde bulunması gereken özellikler ile girişimcilik eğitimi: girişimci ve öğrenci görüşleri. Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 8(1)., 7-28.
  • Caliendo, M., Fossen, F., & Kritikos, A. S. (2014). Personality characteristics and the decision to become and stay self-employed. Small Business Economics, 42 (4), 787–814.
  • Ceptureanu, I. S., & Ceptureanu, E. G. (2015). Challenges and barrıers of european young entrepreneurs. Management Research and Practıce, vol. 7, ıssue 3, pp: 34-58.
  • Chiru, C., Tachiciu, L., & Ciuchete, S. G. (2012). Psychological factors, behavioural variables and acquired competencies in entrepreneurship education. . Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 4010-4015.
  • Çolakoğlu, N., & Gözükara, İ. (2016). A Comparison Study on Personality Traits Based on the Attitudes of University Students toward Entrepreneurship. . Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 229, 133-140.
  • Driessen, M. P., & Zwart, P. S. (2016, 4 2). The entrepreneur scan measuring characteristics and traits of entrepreneurs. http://www. necarbo. eu/files/E-scan% 20MAB% 20Article. pdf. adresinden alındı
  • Duman, L., Bedük, A., Köylüoğlu, A. S., & Ay, K. (2015). Entrepreneurship Culture at SMEs: A Case Study in Konya. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 207, 492-501.
  • Espíritu-Olmos, R., & Sastre-Castillo, M. A. (2015). Personality traits versus work values: Comparing psychological theories on entrepreneurial intention. R. Journal of Business Research, , 68(7), 1595-1598.
  • Failla, V., Melillo, F., & Reichstein, T. (2017). Entrepreneurship and employment stability—Job matching, labour market value, and personal commitment. Journal of Business Venturing, 32(2), 162-177.
  • Fairlie, R. W., & Holleran, W. (2012). Entrepreneurship training, risk aversion and other personality traits: Evidence from a random experiment . Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(2), 366-378.
  • Galindo, M. Á., & Méndez, M. T. (2014). Entrepreneurship, economic growth, and innovation: Are feedback effects at work?. Journal of Business Research,, 67(5), 825-829.
  • Gürol, Y., & Atsan, N. (2006). Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students: Some insights for entrepreneurship education and training in Turkey. Education and Training. Education and Training, 48(1), 25–38.
  • Ireland, R. D., & Kuratko, D. F. (2001). Corporate entrepreneurship and middle–level managers‘ entrepreneurial behavior: Relationships, outcomes, and consequences. University of Richmond.
  • Karabulut, A. T. (2016). Personality Traits on Entrepreneurial Intention. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 229, 12-21.
  • Kirby, D. A. (2004). Entrepreneurship Education: Can Business Schools Meet the Challenge? Education & Training, 46(8/9): 510-519.
  • Krueger, N. F., & Brazeal, D. V. (1994). Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 18, 91-104.
  • Kuratko, D. F. (2005). The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Education : Development, Trends, and Challenges. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, (September): 577-597.
  • Kurumu], T. [. (2017, 7 15). TUIK. http://www.tuik.gov.tr: http://www.tuik.gov.tr adresinden alındı
  • Landström, H. (2002). Pioneers in Entrepreneurship Research, New Frontiers of Entrepreneurship. Università Commerciale L. Bocconi.
  • Landström, H. (2004). Pioneers in entrepreneurship research. Crossroads of entrepreneurship, 13-31.
  • Montanye, J. A. (2006). Entrepreneurship. Independent Review, 10(4), 547-569.
  • Muellera, S. L., & Thomas, A. S. (2001). Culture and entrepreneurial potential: A nine country study of locus of control and innovativeness. Journal of Business Venturing, Volume 16, Issue 1, January, Pages 51-75.
  • Naudé, W. (2013). Entrepreneurship and economic development: Theory, evidence and policy. Bonn: Browser Download This Paper.
  • Niiya, Y., & Taji, N. (2011). Psychological predictors of entrepreneurial interest in. Japan. Innovation Management, 9, 61-72. 6.
  • Obschonka, M., Silbereisen, R. K., & Schmitt-Rodermund, E. (2011). Successful entrepreneurship as developmental outcome. . European Psychologist, Vol. 16(3):174–186.
  • Ören, K., & Biçkes, M. (2011). Kişilik Özelliklerinin Girişimcilik Potansiyeli Üzerindeki Etkileri (Nevşehir'deki Yüksek Öğrenim Öğrencileri Üzerinde Yapılan Bir Araştırma. . Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Vol.16, No.3, pp.67-86.
  • Özdemir, L. (2016). Kişilik Özelliklerinin Bir Girişimcilik Boyutu Olan Denetim Odağı Üzerindeki Etkisi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 17 (2), 131-149.
  • Royo, M. A., Sarip, A., & Shaari, R. (2015). Entrepreneurship traits and social learning process: An overview and research agenda. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, , 171, 745-753.
  • Santos, S., Caetano, A., & Curral, L. (2014). Psychosocial aspects of entrepreneurial potential. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 26 (6), 661-685.
  • Shirokova, G., O. O., & & Bogatyreva, K. (2016). Exploring the intention–behavior link in student entrepreneurship: Moderating effects of individual and environmental characteristics. European Management Journal, 34(4), 386-399.
  • Souza, G. H., Santos, P. D., Lima, N. C., Cruz, N. J., & Lezana, A. G. (2016). Entrepreneurial potential and success in business: a study on elements of convergence and explanation. RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie, 17(5), 188-215.
  • Spagnoli, P., Santos, S. C., Caetano, A., & Lo Presti, A. (2016). A contribution towards the validation of the Italian version of the Entrepreneurial Potential Assessment Inventory. BPA-Applied Psychology Bulletin, (Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata), 64(275).
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics. New York: Pearson.
  • Toma, S.; Grigore, A.; Marinescu, P. (2014 ). Procedia Economics and Finance, 8, 436 – 443.
  • TÜİK [Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu]. (2017, Mart 1). Girişimcilik 2015 Haber Bülteni. TÜİK: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1034 adresinden alındı
  • Uysal, B., & Güney, S. (2016). Entrepreneurial Intentions of Turkish Business Students: An Exploration Using Shapero’s Model. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi / Journal of Administrative Sciences, Cilt / Volume: 14, Sayı / N: 28, ss. / pp.: 27-47.
  • Van Praag, M. (2005). Successful entrepreneurship: Confronting economic theory with empirical practice. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Viinikainen, J., Heineck, G., B. P., Hintsanen, M., Raitakari, O., & Pehkonen, J. (2017). Born entrepreneurs? Adolescents’ personality characteristics and entrepreneurship in adulthood. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 8, 9-12.
  • Yavuzalsan, K., & Özkal, L. (2017, 6 20). AB ve Türkiye’de Genç Nüfusun Girişimcilik Faaliyetlerinin Karşılaştırılması ve Türkiye’de Genç Girişimciliğin AB’ne Entegrasyonuna Yönelik Bir Öneri. Nazilli Ticaret Odası Sitesi: http://www.naztic.org.tr/uploads/ab-ve-turkiye-genc-girisimcilik-eurefe-636314067610451604.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Yüksel, H., Cevher, E., & Yüksel, M. (2015). Ögrencilerin Girisimci Kisilik Özellikleri Ile Girisimcilik Egilimleri Üzerine Bir Arastirma. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 5, Sayı 1, ss.143-156.
  • Zhao, H., & Seibert, S. (2006). The big five personality dimensions and entrepreneurial status: a meta-analytic review. Journal of Apllied Psychology, 91 (2), 259–271.

Girişimcilik Potansiyeli Belirleme Envanteri’nin (Entrepreneurial Potential Assessment Inventory-EPAI) Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması ve Psikometrik Özellikleri

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 609 - 625, 28.11.2017

Öz

Girişimcilik olgusu son dönemde tüm Dünyada olduğu gibi
Türkiye’de oldukça ilgi çekmektedir. Temel olarak, kar elde etmek maksadı ile
belirli bir risk alarak, ticaret faaliyeti başlatmak olarak düşünülmektedir.
Son yıllarda, girişimciliğin ortaya çıkabilmesi için, öncelikli olarak
girişimci potansiyelin var olması gerektiği de literatüre eklenmiştir. Bu
çalışma, girişimci potansiyelin ölçülmesi için, Santos, Caetano ve Curral,
(2014) tarafından geliştirilmiş Entrepreneurial Potential Assessment
Inventory’nin (EPAI) Türkçe’ye kazandırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla,
EPAI’nin Türkçeye çevrilip, yapı, içerik geçerliliği analizi yapılmış,
güvenirliği analiz edilmiştir. EPAI-tr’nin analizi sonucunda 54 maddelik temel
formun 44 maddelik 4 boyut, 11 altboyutta toplanabileceği görülmüştür. Yapılan
analizler, envanterin alt boyutları ile birlikte, yapı geçerliğini sağladığı,
EPAI-tr’nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir envanter olarak Türkçede de
kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.




Kaynakça

  • Altinay, L., Madanoglu, M., Daniele, R., & Lashley, C. (2012). The influence of family tradition and psychological traits on entrepreneurial intention. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31, 489– 499.
  • Aparicio, S., Urbano, D., & Audretsch, D. (2016). Institutional factors, opportunity entrepreneurship and economic growth: Panel data evidence . Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 102, 45-61.
  • Baum, J. R., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of entrepreneurial traits, skill, and motivation to subsequent venture growth. . Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 587.
  • Berglann, H., Moen, E. R., Røed, K., & Skogstrøm, J. F. (2011). Entrepreneurship: Origins and returns. Labour economics, 18(2), 180-193.
  • Bozkurt, Ö. &. (2013). Girişimci kişilik özelliklerinin girişimcilik eğilimindeki etkisi: potansiyel girişimciler üzerinde bir araştırma. . Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 8(2), 57-78.
  • Bozkurt, Ö. Ç., & Alparslan, A. M. (2013). Girişimcilerde bulunması gereken özellikler ile girişimcilik eğitimi: girişimci ve öğrenci görüşleri. Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 8(1)., 7-28.
  • Caliendo, M., Fossen, F., & Kritikos, A. S. (2014). Personality characteristics and the decision to become and stay self-employed. Small Business Economics, 42 (4), 787–814.
  • Ceptureanu, I. S., & Ceptureanu, E. G. (2015). Challenges and barrıers of european young entrepreneurs. Management Research and Practıce, vol. 7, ıssue 3, pp: 34-58.
  • Chiru, C., Tachiciu, L., & Ciuchete, S. G. (2012). Psychological factors, behavioural variables and acquired competencies in entrepreneurship education. . Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 4010-4015.
  • Çolakoğlu, N., & Gözükara, İ. (2016). A Comparison Study on Personality Traits Based on the Attitudes of University Students toward Entrepreneurship. . Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 229, 133-140.
  • Driessen, M. P., & Zwart, P. S. (2016, 4 2). The entrepreneur scan measuring characteristics and traits of entrepreneurs. http://www. necarbo. eu/files/E-scan% 20MAB% 20Article. pdf. adresinden alındı
  • Duman, L., Bedük, A., Köylüoğlu, A. S., & Ay, K. (2015). Entrepreneurship Culture at SMEs: A Case Study in Konya. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 207, 492-501.
  • Espíritu-Olmos, R., & Sastre-Castillo, M. A. (2015). Personality traits versus work values: Comparing psychological theories on entrepreneurial intention. R. Journal of Business Research, , 68(7), 1595-1598.
  • Failla, V., Melillo, F., & Reichstein, T. (2017). Entrepreneurship and employment stability—Job matching, labour market value, and personal commitment. Journal of Business Venturing, 32(2), 162-177.
  • Fairlie, R. W., & Holleran, W. (2012). Entrepreneurship training, risk aversion and other personality traits: Evidence from a random experiment . Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(2), 366-378.
  • Galindo, M. Á., & Méndez, M. T. (2014). Entrepreneurship, economic growth, and innovation: Are feedback effects at work?. Journal of Business Research,, 67(5), 825-829.
  • Gürol, Y., & Atsan, N. (2006). Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students: Some insights for entrepreneurship education and training in Turkey. Education and Training. Education and Training, 48(1), 25–38.
  • Ireland, R. D., & Kuratko, D. F. (2001). Corporate entrepreneurship and middle–level managers‘ entrepreneurial behavior: Relationships, outcomes, and consequences. University of Richmond.
  • Karabulut, A. T. (2016). Personality Traits on Entrepreneurial Intention. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 229, 12-21.
  • Kirby, D. A. (2004). Entrepreneurship Education: Can Business Schools Meet the Challenge? Education & Training, 46(8/9): 510-519.
  • Krueger, N. F., & Brazeal, D. V. (1994). Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 18, 91-104.
  • Kuratko, D. F. (2005). The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Education : Development, Trends, and Challenges. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, (September): 577-597.
  • Kurumu], T. [. (2017, 7 15). TUIK. http://www.tuik.gov.tr: http://www.tuik.gov.tr adresinden alındı
  • Landström, H. (2002). Pioneers in Entrepreneurship Research, New Frontiers of Entrepreneurship. Università Commerciale L. Bocconi.
  • Landström, H. (2004). Pioneers in entrepreneurship research. Crossroads of entrepreneurship, 13-31.
  • Montanye, J. A. (2006). Entrepreneurship. Independent Review, 10(4), 547-569.
  • Muellera, S. L., & Thomas, A. S. (2001). Culture and entrepreneurial potential: A nine country study of locus of control and innovativeness. Journal of Business Venturing, Volume 16, Issue 1, January, Pages 51-75.
  • Naudé, W. (2013). Entrepreneurship and economic development: Theory, evidence and policy. Bonn: Browser Download This Paper.
  • Niiya, Y., & Taji, N. (2011). Psychological predictors of entrepreneurial interest in. Japan. Innovation Management, 9, 61-72. 6.
  • Obschonka, M., Silbereisen, R. K., & Schmitt-Rodermund, E. (2011). Successful entrepreneurship as developmental outcome. . European Psychologist, Vol. 16(3):174–186.
  • Ören, K., & Biçkes, M. (2011). Kişilik Özelliklerinin Girişimcilik Potansiyeli Üzerindeki Etkileri (Nevşehir'deki Yüksek Öğrenim Öğrencileri Üzerinde Yapılan Bir Araştırma. . Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Vol.16, No.3, pp.67-86.
  • Özdemir, L. (2016). Kişilik Özelliklerinin Bir Girişimcilik Boyutu Olan Denetim Odağı Üzerindeki Etkisi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 17 (2), 131-149.
  • Royo, M. A., Sarip, A., & Shaari, R. (2015). Entrepreneurship traits and social learning process: An overview and research agenda. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, , 171, 745-753.
  • Santos, S., Caetano, A., & Curral, L. (2014). Psychosocial aspects of entrepreneurial potential. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 26 (6), 661-685.
  • Shirokova, G., O. O., & & Bogatyreva, K. (2016). Exploring the intention–behavior link in student entrepreneurship: Moderating effects of individual and environmental characteristics. European Management Journal, 34(4), 386-399.
  • Souza, G. H., Santos, P. D., Lima, N. C., Cruz, N. J., & Lezana, A. G. (2016). Entrepreneurial potential and success in business: a study on elements of convergence and explanation. RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie, 17(5), 188-215.
  • Spagnoli, P., Santos, S. C., Caetano, A., & Lo Presti, A. (2016). A contribution towards the validation of the Italian version of the Entrepreneurial Potential Assessment Inventory. BPA-Applied Psychology Bulletin, (Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata), 64(275).
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics. New York: Pearson.
  • Toma, S.; Grigore, A.; Marinescu, P. (2014 ). Procedia Economics and Finance, 8, 436 – 443.
  • TÜİK [Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu]. (2017, Mart 1). Girişimcilik 2015 Haber Bülteni. TÜİK: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1034 adresinden alındı
  • Uysal, B., & Güney, S. (2016). Entrepreneurial Intentions of Turkish Business Students: An Exploration Using Shapero’s Model. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi / Journal of Administrative Sciences, Cilt / Volume: 14, Sayı / N: 28, ss. / pp.: 27-47.
  • Van Praag, M. (2005). Successful entrepreneurship: Confronting economic theory with empirical practice. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Viinikainen, J., Heineck, G., B. P., Hintsanen, M., Raitakari, O., & Pehkonen, J. (2017). Born entrepreneurs? Adolescents’ personality characteristics and entrepreneurship in adulthood. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 8, 9-12.
  • Yavuzalsan, K., & Özkal, L. (2017, 6 20). AB ve Türkiye’de Genç Nüfusun Girişimcilik Faaliyetlerinin Karşılaştırılması ve Türkiye’de Genç Girişimciliğin AB’ne Entegrasyonuna Yönelik Bir Öneri. Nazilli Ticaret Odası Sitesi: http://www.naztic.org.tr/uploads/ab-ve-turkiye-genc-girisimcilik-eurefe-636314067610451604.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Yüksel, H., Cevher, E., & Yüksel, M. (2015). Ögrencilerin Girisimci Kisilik Özellikleri Ile Girisimcilik Egilimleri Üzerine Bir Arastirma. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 5, Sayı 1, ss.143-156.
  • Zhao, H., & Seibert, S. (2006). The big five personality dimensions and entrepreneurial status: a meta-analytic review. Journal of Apllied Psychology, 91 (2), 259–271.
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Konular Ekonomi, Psikoloji, İşletme
Bölüm MAKALE
Yazarlar

Kamil Orhan 0000-0002-0232-5306

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Kasım 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Eylül 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Orhan, K. (2017). Girişimcilik Potansiyeli Belirleme Envanteri’nin (Entrepreneurial Potential Assessment Inventory-EPAI) Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması ve Psikometrik Özellikleri. Ordu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(3), 609-625.

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