INSIGHT TO THE MICROBIAL BIOPOLYMERS USED IN BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

Yıl 2023, , 975 - 987, 22.12.2023

Belma Nural Yaman , Benay Çolak , Doç. Dr. Ahmet Çabuk

https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1205232

Öz

Microbial biopolymers are products of living organisms include microorganism, plant etc. They could be biodegradable, biocompatible, non or low toxic and show anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. They have been grouped in polysaccharide, lipid and protein. Microbial biopolymers are important source as biomaterials in variable sectors consist of biomedical applications, tissue engineering, food industry, wound repair system, and also drug delivery. Therefore, the selection criteria are vital for these areas because these materials use for shaping of medical implants. These criteria should be elected passive and inert for safe and long-term implant in medical applications.
In this review, biopolymers derivatives from microorganisms are handled especially alginate, chitin, chitosan, levan, polyhydroxalkanoates, hyaluronic acid and this review has highlighted the potential of microbial biopolymers in the field of biomedical research. For biomedical applications, the economic factors, biosynthesis, and characteristics of these polymers have been examined. The ability of microbial biopolymers to be extraordinarily variable and to have induced features makes them advantageous for solving issues in biomedical research. Microbial biopolymers can be used to arrange sustainable processes in a range of medical applications, including tissue engineering, the development of medical devices, drug delivery, cancer therapy, and wound healing. Therefore, these biopolymers historical past, properties and extraction methods and application approach were emphasized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

biomedical application, biopolymer, microorganisms

BİYOMEDİKAL UYGULAMALARDA KULLANILAN MİKROBİYAL BİYOPOLİMERLERE BAKIŞ

Öz

Mikrobiyal biyopolimerler, mikroorganizma, bitki vb. dahil canlı organizmaların ürünleri olarak tanımlanır. Biyolojik olarak parçalanabilir, biyouyumlu, toksik olmayan veya düşük toksik, anti enflamatuar ve antimikrobiyal aktivite gibi özelliklere sahip olabilirler. Polisakkarit, lipid ve protein olarak gruplandırılmışlardır. Mikrobiyal biyopolimerler, biyomedikal uygulamalar, doku mühendisliği, gıda endüstrisi, yara onarım sistemi, ilaç dağılımını içeren değişken sektörlerdeki biyomalzemeler olarak önemli bir kaynaktır. Bu nedenle, tıbbi implantların şeklinden dolayı bu alanlar için seçim kriterleri hayati önem taşımaktadır. Medikal uygulamalarda güvenli ve uzun süreli implant için bu kriterler pasif ve inert seçilmelidir.
Bu derlemede, biyopolimer türevli mikroorganizmalar, özellikle aljinat, kitin, kitosan, levan, polihidroksalkanoatlar, hyaluronik asit ele alınmış ve mikrobiyal biyopolimerlerin biyomedikal araştırma alanındaki potansiyeline ışık tutmuştur. Biyomedikal uygulamalar için bu polimerlerin ekonomik faktörleri, biyosentezi ve özellikleri incelenmiştir. Mikrobiyal biyopolimerlerin olağanüstü derecede değişken olma ve uyarılmış özelliklere sahip olma yetenekleri, onları biyomedikal araştırmalardaki sorunları çözmek için avantajlı kılar. Mikrobiyal biyopolimerler, doku mühendisliği, tıbbi cihazların geliştirilmesi, ilaç dağılımı, kanser tedavisi ve yara iyileşmesi dahil olmak üzere bir dizi tıbbi uygulamada sürdürülebilir süreçleri düzenlemek için kullanılabilir. Bu nedenle bu biyopolimerlerin tarihçesi, özellikleri, ekstraksiyon yöntemleri ve uygulama alanları yaklaşımı üzerinde durulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

biyomedikal uygulamalar, biyopolimer, mikroorganizma

Kaynakça

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