Pirina ve balık atıklarının birlikte kompostlanması ve toprak ıslahında kullanılması

Öz

 Büyüyen gıda endüstrisi, hem ekonomik hem de çevresel olarak önemli etkiye sahiptir. Üretim sonrasında açığa çıkan atıkların güvenli bertarafı veya tekrar kullanımı araştırmalara konu olmaktadır. Ülkemizde gıda endüstrisinde, alanında önde gelen balık fabrikalarından olan Dardanel Önentaş Gıda Sanayidir ve fabrikada balığın işlenmesi sonucu balık atıkları açığa çıkmaktadır. Bölgede önemli bir yere sahip olan zeytinyağı üretimi sonrasında arta kalan katı atık pirina olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada 2 farklı gıda sanayi atığı olan balık atığı ve pirina kullanılarak yapılan kompostun (BPK) 3 farklı dozunun (%3, %6, %9) kumlu tın bünyeye sahip toprağa uygulanması sonrası toprağın bazı özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla kompost uygulanan topraklar 2,5 ay inkübatörde bekletilmiştir. İnkübasyon süresi sonunda BPK'nın toprak reaksiyonu (pH), elektriksel iletkenlik (EC), toplam azot (TN), toplam karbon (TK) ve agregat stabilitesi (AS) gibi toprak özellikleri üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. BPK uygulamasıyla incelenen tüm toprak parametrelerinde ve uygulanan dozlar arasındaki farkların istatistiki olarak önemli olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Artan BPK dozuyla beraber pH ve C/N oranı hariç diğer toprak parametre değerlerinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek BPK uygulamasıyla pH' nın kontrole göre %5,9 C/N oranının ise %45 azaldığı görülmüştür. %9 BPK uygulaması kontrol ile kıyaslandığında EC' nin yaklaşık 14 kat, AS' nin %68, TN' nin %207, TK 'nin %68 arttığı tespit edilmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Balık atığı,Pirina,Kompost,Toprak

Co-composting of olive pomace and fish wastes and use in soil improvement

Öz

The re-use of wastes produced from food industry in agriculture is considered to be one of the best methods both economically and environmentally. In Turkey, a significant amount of fish waste released in fish processing factories. Additionally olive oil production is also important in the region and solid waste that is remaining after olive oil production is called olive pomace (pirina). In this study, changes in some physical and chemical properties of sandy loam soil after applications of compost (FOC) with three different doses (3 %, 6 %, 9 %) have been determined. For this purpose, the compost added soil was kept in incubator for 2.5 months. At the end of the incubation period, the effects of compost on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC) and aggregate stability (AS) were investigated. It was found that compost addition significantly changed measured soil parameters and doses were also statistically significant (p < 0.05). It was determined that measured soil parameter values except pH and C / N ratio increased with increasing compost doses. pH was decreased by 5.9 % and C/N was decreased by 45 % compared to control with the highest compost application rate. It was found that EC was 14 times higher, AS was 68 % higher, TN was 207 % higher and TC was 68 % higher in 9 % FOC applied soils than those of control soil.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fish waste,Olive pomace,Compost,Soil

Kaynakça

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