ADOLESAN BASKETBOLCULARDA BİYOLOJİK OLGUNLAŞMA DÜZEYİ VE ANTROPOMETRİK, FİZYOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERDE YAŞA BAĞLI FARKLILIKLAR

Yıl 2019, , 208 - 222, 16.12.2019

Ajlan Saç , Halil Çolak

https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.520902

Cited By: 3

Öz

Bu
çalışmanın amacı çocukluk ve adolesan dönemdeki 12-14 yaş arası basketbolcu
gençlerin yaşa bağlı antropometrik, fizyolojik, biyolojik olgunlaşma
karakteristiğini incelemek ve olası farkları belirlemektir. Araştırma iyi
antrene olmuş 48 katılımcıyla gerçekleştirildi (U13, n=15; U14, n=15; U15,
n=18). Katılımcıların antropometrik parametreleri (boy uzunluğu, vücut
ağırlığı, deri kıvrım kalınlığı, vücut çevre ve ekstremite uzunlukları) ölçüldü
ve 20 m sprint süresi, dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama değerleri ve otur-eriş
test sonuçları kaydedildi. Zirve boy hızı yaşı hesaplanarak biyolojik olgunlaşma
düzeyleri tespit edildi. Fizyolojik, antropometrik ön ve son-test verileri,
biyolojik olgunlaşma düzeyi gruplar arası yaşa bağlı olarak istatiksel bakımdan
farklıydı (U15>U14>U13; p<0,05). Performans düzeyleri daha iyi olan
sporcuların diğerlerinden daha uzun, daha fazla vücut ağırlığına sahip
olduklarının yanı sıra kulaç, bacak ve kol uzunluklarının da daha fazla olduğu
gözlemlendi. Antropometrik, fizyolojik parametrelerde grup içi ön ve son test
verileri arasında ise istatistiki anlamlı fark tespit edildi (p<0,05); biyolojik
olgunlaşma durumu ise homojendi (p>0,05). Esneklik dışında tüm değişkenler
biyolojik olgunlaşma düzeyi ile korelasyona sahipti ve bu ilişki 20 m sprint
hariç (ön test r=-0,36; son test r=-0,31) pozitifti (r=0,29-0,64). Daha yüksek
biyolojik olgunlaşma düzeyine sahip olanların antropometrik verileri ve
fizyolojik test sonuçları daha iyiydi. Sonuç olarak, genç basketbolcularda
antropometrik ve fizyolojik farkların düzenli antrenmanın yanı sıra biyolojik
olgunlaşma düzeyiyle ilişkili olabileceği; puberte dönemde kronolojik yaş ve
biyolojik olgunlaşma düzeyine bağlı fiziksel ve fizyolojik parametrelerin
basketbolda başarı için önemli olduğu söylenebilir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

basketbol, biyolojik olgunlaşma, büyüme, kronolojik yaş

MATURITY OFFSET IN ADOLESCENT BASKETBALL PLAYERS AND AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN ANTHROPOMETRIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Öz

The aim of this study was to investigate anthropometric,
physiological and maturational characteristics in adolescent basketball players aged between 12-14,
and to determine possible differences connected with their age. The research was
conducted on well-trained 48 participants (U13, n=15; U14, n=15; U15, n=18).
Anthropometric parameters of the participants (height, body weight, skin fold
thickness, body circumference and extremity lengths) were measured and 20 m
sprint, vertical jump, standing long jump values and sit and reach test results
were recorded. Biological maturation offset was estimated using age at peak
height velocity. Physiological, anthropometric pre- and post-test data, and the
maturation offset were statistically different between groups in terms of age
(U15>U14>U13; p<0.05). It was observed that athletes with better
performance levels were taller and heavier with greater arm span and leg and
arm length than others. There were statistically significant differences in the
pre- and post-test outputs within groups in anthropometric and physiological
parameters (p<0.05). Maturation offset values were homogeneous (p>0.05).
All variables, except flexibility, were correlated with the maturation offset
and this relationship was positive (r=0.29-0.64) except for 20 m sprint time
(pre-test r=-0.36; post-test r=-0.31). Anthropometric values and physiological
test results were better for those with higher levels of maturation offset. In
conclusion, it can be said that anthropometric and physiological differences in
young basketball players may be related to maturation as well as regular
training and also around puberty, physical and physiological parameters associated
with maturation offset and chronologic age are important for success in
basketball.

Anahtar Kelimeler

basketball, chronological age, growth, maturation

Kaynakça

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